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<channel>
	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/26303?offset=210</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/26303?offset=210" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	
<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/6961/research-assistant-national-bureau-of-animal-genetic-resources</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 03 Dec 2013 06:17:34 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Research Assistant @ NATIONAL BUREAU OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>NATIONAL BUREAU OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES<br />Near Basant Vihar G.T. Road Bypass<br />P.O. Box No.129, Karnal-132001 (Haryana)</p>

<p>WALK-IN-INTERVIEW</p>

<p>A walk-in-Interview is proposed to be held at National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal (Haryana)-132001 at 11:30 AM on 18.12.2013 to select One RA and One SRF as per details given below:</p>

<p>1. One post of Research Associate under DBT sponsored Support under BIPP for the “SanGenix: A comprehensive Next Generation Sequence (NGS) data analysis solution” as Grants in AID. Thepost duration is Upto 31st March 2015 or earlier.</p>

<p>2. One post of Senior Research Fellow under NAIP (Component-4) Bioprospecting of genes and allele mining for abiotic stress tolerance. The post duration is Upto 31st March 2014 or earlier</p>

<p>Essential Qualifications: Ph.D. in Bioinformatics/ Computer Application or<br />First Class Masters degree in Bioinformatics/ Computer Application with two years experience as evidenced by Publications.</p>

<p>Desirable: Experience in the field of handling Next generation Sequencing Data.</p>

<p>Emolument: Rs. 22,000/- per month + HRA as per admissibility</p>

<p>Age Limit:</p>

<p>40 years for Men<br />45 years for women as on date of interview</p>

<p>Research Associate: ONE</p>

<p>Duration of engagement: Upto</p>

<p>31st March 2015 or earlier &amp; Coterminus with the project</p>

<p>Responsibilities: To help the PI for Beta testing and development of the SanGenix Tool for NGS data.</p>

<p>Essential Qualifications: First Class Masters’ degree in Bioinformatics/Biotechnology.</p>

<p>Desirable: Experience in the field of Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics</p>

<p>Emoluments:</p>

<p>Rs. 16,000/- per month + HRA as per admissibility.<br />Senior Research Fellow: ONE<br />Duration of engagement: Upto 31st March 2014 or earlier &amp; Coterminus with the project</p>

<p>Age Limit</p>

<p>35 years for men<br />40 years for women as on date of interview</p>

<p>Note: Relaxation in age will be admissible for SC/ST &amp; OBC candidates as per Govt. of India /ICAR norms</p>

<p>1. The applicants must bring with them original documents and brief of research work done during post graduation along with a set of photocopy and latest two passport size photographs.<br />2. A panel of selected candidates will also be made which may be utilized for filling of positions of shorter durations in future if demand arises.<br />3. Experience certificate in original, if any 4. The above positions are purely on temporary basis and are co-terminus with the project. No TA/DA will be paid to attend the interview.<br />5. Any other clarifications can be had on the date of interview.<br />6. The Director’s decision will be final and binding on all respects.</p>

<p>Advertisement: http://210.212.93.85/rasrfadvertise.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/5747/dbbrowser-attwood-lab</guid>
  <pubDate>Fri, 18 Oct 2013 10:48:19 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[DbBrowser: Attwood Lab]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>DbBrowser: Attwood Lab research concerns protein sequence analysis, primarily using the method of protein 'fingerprinting'. DbBrowser: Attwood Lab maintain a diagnostic fingerprint database (PRINTS), one of the founding partner of InterPro. We also design software to display sequence and structural data in visually-striking ways (e.g., Ambrosia, CINEMA); DbBrowser: Attwood Lab are building re-usable software components to create semantically integrated bioinformatics applications through UTOPIA, including a 'smart' PDF reader that links bioinformatics databases and tools directly with scientific articles (Utopia Documents); and have developed a number of tools for automatic annotation and text mining (e.g., MINOTAUR, PRECIS, METIS). </p>

<p>More @ http://www.bioinf.manchester.ac.uk/dbbrowser/index.php</p>
]]></description>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/3868/next-generation-sequencing-ngs-tutorials</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 24 Aug 2013 06:01:37 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/3868/next-generation-sequencing-ngs-tutorials</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Tutorials]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Institute of computational biomedicine, Cornell University provide an NGS workshop tutorial at&nbsp;<a href="http://chagall.med.cornell.edu/NGScourse/">http://chagall.med.cornell.edu/NGScourse/</a>&nbsp;</p>
<p>You can also add your favourite NGS educational material, or workshop tutorial by commenting on this bookmarks for user benefit.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Understanding the basics of genome sequencing:</p>
<p>Tutorial by Luke Jostins.</p>
<p>http://www.genetic-inference.co.uk/blog/2009/04/basics-sequencing-dna-part-1/</p>
<p>http://www.genetic-inference.co.uk/blog/2009/08/basics-sequencing-dna-part-2/</p>
<p>A window into third-generation sequencing</p>
<p>http://hmg.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/R2/R227.full.pdf</p>
<p>==============================================</p>
<p>NGS data analysis pipelines</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Detecting and annotating genetic variations using the HugeSeq pipeline</strong>&nbsp; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2134">10.1038/nbt.2134</a></li>
<li><strong> NARWHAL, a primary analysis pipeline for NGS data</strong> <a href="http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/28/2/284?etoc">http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/28/2/284?etoc</a></li>
<li><strong>RseqFlow: Workflows for RNA-Seq data analysis</strong>&nbsp; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr441">10.1093/bioinformatics/btr441</a></li>
<li><strong>ngs_backbone: a pipeline for read cleaning, mapping and SNP calling using Next Generation Sequence</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-285">10.1186/1471-2164-12-285</a></li>
<li><strong>A framework for variation discovery and genotyping using next-generation DNA sequencing data</strong>&nbsp; PubMed: <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478889">21478889</a></li>
<li><strong>SNiPlay: a web-based tool for detection, management and analysis of SNPs. Application to grapevine diversity projects</strong>&nbsp; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-12-134">10.1186/1471-2105-12-134</a> Abstract: <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/12/134/abstract">http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/12/134/abstract</a></li>
<li><strong>WEP: a high-performance analysis pipeline for whole-exome data&nbsp;</strong>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/14/S7/S11</li>
<li><strong>DDBJ read annotation pipeline: a cloud computing-based pipeline for high-throughput analysis of next-generation sequencing data.&nbsp;</strong>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23657089</li>
<li><strong>GATK: a Toolkit for Genome Analysis&nbsp;</strong>http://www.broadinstitute.org/gatk/</li>
<li><strong>Metagenomics</strong>:http://www.nbic.nl/education/nbic-phd-school/course-schedule/ngsmetagenomics/</li>
<li><strong>RNASeq</strong>:http://www.nbic.nl/education/nbic-phd-school/course-schedule/ngsrnaseq/</li>
<li><strong>Bioinformatics and Seq courses</strong>:&nbsp;http://www.isb-sib.ch/training/training-activities-schedule/archive-2013.html</li>
<li><strong>Variant Detection (Model organism) Advanced tutorial</strong> https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1CuKkKylVDb03tnN7RSWl5EUzleetn0ctjmvaidPKLxM</li>
<li><strong>Variant Detection Introductory tutorial</strong> https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1ZRzrjjOCvtAu3m-IKL-rbJ1f4On60dDL_IEwG7oejdI</li>
<li><strong>Microbial de novo Assembly for Illumina Data Introductory tutorial</strong> https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1N3AB9ptISUu4zULqe1kXpVF0BDyGb5f5yzxWSJd_WNM</li>
<li><strong>RNAseq Differential Gene Expression Introductory tutorial</strong> https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1KbTiBHtvHLfPRZ39AY3uriazrINA8TJzgjjwn1zPP7Y</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>" Please add your favourite NGS link below in comment section for the benefit of bioinformatics community ".&nbsp;</p>
</blockquote><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://chagall.med.cornell.edu/NGScourse/" rel="nofollow">http://chagall.med.cornell.edu/NGScourse/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
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<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/10881/special-project-scientist-%E2%80%93-sorghum-genomics</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2014 00:34:39 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Special Project Scientist – Sorghum Genomics]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>ICRISAT is seeking applications from Indian Nationals for a Special Project Scientist to work on a sorghum genomics activities related to sequencing/re-sequencing projects utilizing New Generation Sequencing platforms.</p>

<p>The Job detail</p>

<p>    Advancing the SNP-discovery and polymorphism assessment work across several germplasm panels representing global genetic diversity<br />    Population genetic and genomic analyses, testing the hypothesis related to adaptation in multiple geographic regions<br />    Develop SNP assays from large scale GBS and other re-sequencing data for several target traits utilizing available phenotyping data<br />    Combined analyses of genotypic and phenotypic data for discovery of marker-trait associations, and conducting GWAS<br />    Processing, analyzing, and archiving large-scale genomic data sets, assessing data quality, conducting analyses, interpreting findings, and communicating findings to others including preparation of reports, presentations, posters and journal articles<br />    Providing support to MSc and PhD students on topic related to its major core of research<br />    Any other work assigned by the supervisor</p>

<p>The Person:</p>

<p>    PhD in bioinformatics, genetics, computational biology preferably with 1 to 2 years of experience;<br />    familiar with standard bioinformatics tools and scripting languages and emerging and evolving software platforms relevant to bioinformatics and computational biology;<br />    ability to create new analytical pipelines; experience with handling large data sets;<br />    ability to program in at least two of the following: C++, PERL, Python, R, Java.<br />    will use next-generation sequencing technologies to generate marker data for genetic mapping and transcriptome data for expression QTL mapping, and will be responsible for data generation as well as data analysis.</p>

<p>Period and Remuneration: The assignment is for a period of two years, and can be extended for another year depending on performance. ICRISAT pays a very attractive all inclusive lump sum assignment fee payable in Indian Rupees.</p>

<p>How to Apply: Please send your application by email to icrisatjobs@cgiar.org, stating the job title (Special project Scientist-Sorghum Genomics) clearly in the subject column, addressed to the Director, Human Resources and Operations, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India, latest by 10 June 2014. The application should include an up-to-date Curriculum Vitae, a short statement of competencies and experience for the position, and the names and addresses (including phone/e-mail) of three referees. Only short-listed candidates will be contacted.</p>

<p>More at: http://www.icrisat.org/careers/Special-Project-Scientist-Sorghum-Genomics.htm</p>
]]></description>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/10841/ra-at-iisr-kozhikode</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2014 10:08:09 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[RA at IISR Kozhikode]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPICES RESEARCH<br />(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)<br />Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode – 673 012, Kerala</p>

<p>Walk- in- Test cum Interview (based on test) for the selection of Research Associate</p>

<p>under the scheme “Distributed Information Sub Centre –DISC” &amp; Research Assistant under scheme “Phytophthora, Fusarium and Ralstonia diseases of Horticultural and Field Crops” will be held at this Institute as per details indicated below.</p>

<p>WALK -IN- TEST CUM INTERVIEW</p>

<p>Name of the post : Research Associate</p>

<p>Date of Interview : 21-05-2014 at 10.00 AM</p>

<p>No. of posts : One</p>

<p>Qualifications : a)Essential</p>

<p>Ph.D Degree in Bioinformatics OR :  Masters degree in Bioinformatics with a minimum of<br />60% marks or equivalent OGPA with at least two years research experience as evidenced from fellowship/ associateship/training/published papers etc.</p>

<p>b)Desirable: Experience in NGS data analysis.</p>

<p>Emoluments : Rs. 23,000/- per month + HRA (Masters Degree Holders)</p>

<p>Rs. 24,000/- per month + HRA (Ph.D Degree Holders)</p>

<p>Upper age limit : 40 years for Men &amp; 45 years for Women as on date of Interview (Upper Age limits are relaxable for SC, ST and OBC candidates as per Govt. of India norms (at present 5 years for SC/ST and 3 years for OBC)</p>

<p>Duration of Project : Till 31-03-2017.</p>

<p>Title of Assigment : Research Assistant (on contract basis)</p>

<p>No. of vacancy : One</p>

<p>Qualification : Essential : Post Graduation in Bioinformatics and  Minimum one year experience in NGS data analysis</p>

<p>Desirable : Experience in Perl/Python/R</p>

<p>Remuneration : Rs. 20,000/- per month (consolidated)</p>

<p>Scope of work :</p>

<p>1. Analysis of different file formats and their conversions.</p>

<p>2. Assessing the quality of data and filtering of raw reads.<br />3. Assembling the raw reads-de novo as well as reference  mapping.<br />4. Compression of aligned reads using Jam tools<br />5. RNA-seq. Analysis<br />6. Differential expression testing involving Normalization,  Statistical testing, heat map generation &amp; hierarchical  clustering<br />7. Annotating the assembled genome and geneet testing  and their validation<br />8. Metabolic pathway analysis<br />9. Comparative genomics<br />10. Setting up of genome browsers.</p>

<p>Period of Assigment : Initially for six months.</p>

<p>Date &amp; Venue of Interview : 21-05-2014 at IISR, Kozhikode at 10.00 AM</p>

<p>More at http://www.spices.res.in/pdf/disc-advtmnt.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/videolist/watch/11355/genomics-and-personalized-medicine-breakthroughs</guid>
	<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2014 23:40:14 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/videolist/watch/11355/genomics-and-personalized-medicine-breakthroughs</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Genomics and Personalized Medicine Breakthroughs]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<iframe width="" height="" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/VAR-1vNc0TE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>http://bit.ly/e8QGzY Human genome mapping is now enabling a breakthrough in medical innovation -- personalized medicine. What does this mean for patients? We can now identify predispositions to disease, predict how we metabolize drugs, and figure out what kinds of treatments we may respond to, and even determine when a drug may give us an adverse reaction. All medical specialties benefit from human genome intelligence -- oncology saw the first impacts -- but advances are now being seen in cardiology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatric diseases, gastroenterology, rheumatology, immunology and other areas. This video covers the areas that genetic medicine is impacting and where the future of genomic medicine is heading.]]></description>
	
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<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/13477/research-associate-at-indian-institute-of-chemical-technology-iict-hyderabad</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 07 Aug 2014 01:55:21 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Research Associate at Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, a constituent of CSIR is a leading research Institute in the area of chemical sciences. The core strength of IICT lies in Organic Chemistry, and it continues to excel in this field for over six decades. The research efforts during these years have resulted in the development of several innovative processes for a variety of products necessary for human welfare such as drugs, agrochemicals, food, organic intermediates, adhesives etc. More than 150 technologies developed by IICT are now in commercial production.</p>

<p>CSIR-IICT is conducting Walk in Interview for the following position on a purely temporary basis for the sponsored project "GENESIS (BSC-0121) at 10.00 AM on 19th August 2014 at IICT, Hyderabad</p>

<p>    Position : Research Associate<br />    No of Post : One<br />    Desired Profile : PhD in computation biology or M.Tech in Computational Biology with three years experience in relevant subject and atleast one research paper in SCI journal</p>

<p>    Experience : Knowledge in vector and vector borne disease, disease modeling, GIS mapping and modeling.<br />    Age : 35 years<br />    Stipend : Rs 22000/- + HRA</p>

<p>Eligible candidate may download the application form from our website http://www.iictindia.org and appear for interview along with the duly filled in application form supported by bio-data and one set of attested photo copies of certificates of educational qualification, age, experience, caste, latest photograph and the cadndidates are required to bring all the original certificates for verification</p>

<p>Walk in Interview : 19.08.14</p>
]]></description>
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<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/view/19838</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 27 Dec 2014 13:30:15 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/view/19838</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Interview with a bioinformatician series ...]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>The aim of this series to interviews some notable bioinformaticians to get their views on various aspects of bioinformatics research. Hopefully these answers will prove useful to others in the field, especially to those who are just starting their bioinformatics careers.<br /><br />This series will be available at BOL every fortnight.<br /><br /><br /><br /></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19992/binc-examination-2015</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2014 12:23:37 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19992/binc-examination-2015</link>
	<title><![CDATA[BINC examination 2015 !!!]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Pondicherry University,Puducherry,on behalf of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, will conduct the BINC examination in 2015. The objective of this examination is to certify bioinformatics professionals, trained formally as well as self-trained.Registration for BINC examination 2015 will open soon.</p><p>Pondicherry University Puducherry has been identified as a nodal agency by the Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India to coordinate this examination along with nine centres namely, Pune University, Pune; Anna University, Chennai; Calcatta University (WBUT) Kolkata; Institute of Bioinformatics &amp; Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore; North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad; University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Assam Agricultural University, Guwahati.</p><p>In the BINC 2013 examination,17 candidates were certified. DBT has agreed to fund Research fellowships for all the BINC qualified Indian nationals to pursue Ph.D. in Indian Institutes/Universities. Note that the candidate must possess a postgraduate degree(or equivalent) &amp; meet the criteria of the institutes/universities in order to avail research fellowship. In addition, cash prize of Rs. 10,000/- will be awarded to the top 10 BINC qualifiers.<br /><br /></p><p>More at http://210.212.230.224:9999/BINC/</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/21443/a-guide-for-complete-r-beginners-getting-data-into-r</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2015 20:15:08 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/21443/a-guide-for-complete-r-beginners-getting-data-into-r</link>
	<title><![CDATA[A guide for complete R beginners :- Getting data into R]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>For a beginner this can be is the hardest part, it is also the most important to get right.</p><p>It is possible to create a vector by typing data directly into R using the combine function &lsquo;c&rsquo;</p><blockquote><p><strong>x </strong></p></blockquote><p>same as</p><blockquote><p><strong>x </strong></p></blockquote><p>creates the vector x with the numbers between 1 and 5.</p><p>You can see what is in an object at any time by typing its name;</p><blockquote><p><strong>x</strong></p></blockquote><p>will produce the output<strong> &lsquo;[1] 1 2 3 4 5&prime;</strong></p><p>Note that names need to be quoted</p><blockquote><p><strong>daysofweek </strong><strong>&larr; c(&lsquo;Monday&rsquo;, &lsquo;Tuesday&rsquo;, &lsquo;Wednesday&rsquo;, &lsquo;Thursday&rsquo;, &lsquo;Friday&rsquo;);</strong></p></blockquote><p>Usually however you want to input from a file. We have touched on the &lsquo;read.table&rsquo; function already.</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata </strong></p></blockquote><p>Now <strong>mydata</strong> is a data frame with multiple vectors</p><p>each vector can be identified by the default syntax</p><p>#if any of these are typed it will print to screen</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata$V1 mydata$V2 mydata$V3 </strong></p></blockquote><p>By default the function assumes certain things from the file</p><ul>
<li>The file is a plain text file (there are function to read excel files: <em>not covered here</em>)</li>
<li>columns are separated by any number of tabs or spaces</li>
<li>there is the same number of data points in each column</li>
<li>there is no header row (labels for the columns)</li>
<li>there is no column with names for the rows** [I&rsquo;ll explain].</li>
</ul><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">If any of these are false, we need to tell that to the function</span></p><p>If it has a header column</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata <em>header=T also works</em></strong></p></blockquote><p>Note that there is a comma between different parts of the functions arguments</p><p>If there is one less column in the header row, then R assumes that the 1<sup>st</sup> column of data after the header are the row names</p><p>Now the vectors (columns) are identified by their name</p><p>#if any of these are typed it will print to screen</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata$A mydata$B mydata$C </strong></p></blockquote><p># Summary about the whole data frame</p><blockquote><p><strong>summary(mydata)</strong></p></blockquote><p># Summary information of column A</p><blockquote><p><strong>summary(mydata$A) </strong></p></blockquote><p>We can shortcut having to type the data frame each time by attaching it</p><blockquote><p><strong>attach(mydata)</strong></p></blockquote><p># summary of column B as &lsquo;mydata&rsquo; is attached</p><blockquote><p><strong>summary(B)</strong></p></blockquote><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Two other important options for </span><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">read.table</span></em></p><p>If is is separated only by tabs and has a header</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata </strong></p></blockquote><p>Really useful if you have spaces in the contents of some columns, so R does not mess up reading the columns . However if the columns or of an uneven length it will tell you.</p><p>If you know that the file has uneven columns</p><blockquote><p><strong>mydata </strong></p></blockquote><p>This causes R to fill empty spaces in a columns with &lsquo;NA&rsquo; .</p><p>The last two examples will still work with our file and give the same result as with only headers=T</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Graphs</span></p><p>to get an idea of what R is capable of type</p><blockquote><p><strong>demo(graphics)</strong></p></blockquote><p>steps through the examples, and the code is printed to the screen</p><p>We will work with simpler examples that have immediate use to biologists.</p><p>Remember to get more information about the options to a function type &lsquo;?function&rsquo;</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Histogram of A</span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></p><blockquote><p><strong>hist(mydata$A)</strong></p></blockquote><p>If there was more data we could increase the number of vertical columns with the option, breaks=50 (or another relevant number).</p><blockquote><p><strong>boxplot(mydata)</strong></p></blockquote><p>We can get rid of the need to type the data frame each time by using the <strong>attach</strong> function</p><p># if not already done so</p><blockquote><p><strong>attach(mydata) </strong></p><p><strong>boxplot(mydata$A, mydata$B, name=c(&ldquo;Value A&rdquo;, &ldquo;Value B&rdquo;) , ylab=&ldquo;Count of Something&rdquo;)</strong></p></blockquote><p>same as</p><blockquote><p><strong>boxplot(A, B, name=c(&ldquo;Value A&rdquo;, &ldquo;Value B&rdquo;) , ylab=&ldquo;Count of Something&rdquo;)</strong></p></blockquote><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Scatter plot</span></p><p># if not already done so</p><blockquote><p><strong>attach(mydata) </strong></p><p><strong>plot(A,B) # or plot(mydata$A, mydata$B)</strong></p></blockquote><p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">SAVING an image</span></strong></p><p>Windows users (Rgui) RIGHT click on image and select which you want.</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">These instructions work for everyone.</span></p><p>You need to create a new device of the type of file you need, then send the data to that device</p><p>to save as a png file (easy to load into the likes of powerpoint, also great for web applications.</p><blockquote><p><strong>png(&lsquo;filename&rsquo;) </strong></p><p><strong>boxplot(A, B, name=c(&ldquo;Value A&rdquo;, &ldquo;Value B&rdquo;) , ylab=&ldquo;Count of Something&rdquo;)</strong></p></blockquote><p>or to save as a pdf</p><blockquote><p><strong>pdf(&lsquo;filename&rsquo;) </strong></p><p><strong>boxplot(A, B, name=c(&ldquo;Value A&rdquo;, &ldquo;Value B&rdquo;) , ylab=&ldquo;Count of Something&rdquo;)</strong></p></blockquote><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Note</span></p><ul>
<li>Nothing will appear on screen, the output is going to the file</li>
<li>Also it may not be saved immediately but will once the device (or R) is turned quit.</li>
</ul><p>To quit R type</p><p><strong>q() # </strong>If you save your session, next time you start R, you will have your data preloaded.</p><p>Or if you want to remain in R</p><blockquote><pre><strong>dev.off() #</strong>turns of the png (or pdf etc) device, thus forces the data to save</pre></blockquote>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Archana Malhotra</dc:creator>
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