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<channel>
	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/26909?offset=370</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/26909?offset=370" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/40770/scientist-bioinformatics-positions</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jan 2020 06:53:40 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Scientist Bioinformatics Positions]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Bioinformatics-Multi_Omics_Integration</p>

<p>https://www.researchgate.net/job/939073_Senior_Scientist_Bioinformatics-Multi_Omics_Integration</p>

<p> <br />Senior_Scientist_Bioinformatics-Transcriptomics_Analysis     </p>

<p>https://www.researchgate.net/job/939075_Senior_Scientist_Bioinformatics-Transcriptomics_Analysis-Belgium_France_Switzerland_The_Netherlands</p>

<p>Senior Scientist Bioinformatics - Network Analytics</p>

<p>https://www.researchgate.net/job/939070_Senior_Scientist_Bioinformatics-Network_Analytics_Belgium_France_Switzerland_the_Netherlands</p>

<p>Team Leader Bioinformatics Data Sciences - Mechelen, Belgium</p>

<p>https://www.researchgate.net/job/938787_Team_Leader_Bioinformatics_Data_Sciences-Mechelen_Belgium</p>
]]></description>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/9429/srf-vacancy-at-nipgr</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2014 19:20:44 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[SRF Vacancy at NIPGR]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Applications are invited from suitable candidates for filling up the purely temporary position of one Senior Research Fellow in DST’s Indo-Australian Joint project (with ICRISAT) entitled “Genomic Approach for Stress Tolerant Chickpea” under the guidance of Dr. Mukesh Jain, Scientist, NIPGR.</p>

<p>(A) Senior Research Fellow (One Post):    Emoluments as per DST/DBT norms.</p>

<p>Candidates having M.Sc. degree (with minimum of 55% marks) or equivalent in Life Sciences/Biotechnology/Bioinformatics/ Molecular Biology or any other related field with minimum of two years of post M.Sc. research experience are eligible to apply. The candidate having computer skill (Linux, Perl, Java, MySQL) and/or experience in advanced molecular biology, next generation sequencing data analysis and molecular markers analysis will be preferred.</p>

<p>The position is completely on temporary basis and co-terminus with the project. The initial appointment will be for one year, which can be curtailed/extended on the basis of assessment of the candidate’s performance and discretion of the Competent Authority. NIPGR reserves the right to select the candidate against the above posts depending upon the qualifications and experience of the candidates. Reservation of posts shall be as per Govt. of India norms.</p>

<p>Eligible candidates may apply by sending hard copy of completed application in the given format with a cover letter showing interest and attested copies of the certificates and proof of research experience. The applications should reach at the address given below within 15 days from the date of the advertisement. The subject line on envelope must be superscribed by “Application for the Post of SRF in DST - AISRF project”.</p>

<p>Note: ONLY hard copy of the application in the given format will be accepted.</p>

<p>Last date April 03, 2014</p>

<p>Dr. Mukesh Jain<br />Staff Scientist<br />National Institute of Plant Genome Research<br />Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box NO. 10531,<br />New Delhi - 110067</p>

<p>Advertisement: http://www.nipgr.res.in/careers/vacancies_latest.php#</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/42329/10-ngs-services-companies-around-the-globe</guid>
	<pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2020 23:56:17 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/42329/10-ngs-services-companies-around-the-globe</link>
	<title><![CDATA[10 NGS services companies around the globe !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><strong>The global&nbsp;NGS services market&nbsp;is expected to reach USD 13.1 billion by 2025.&nbsp;</strong>Here are the&nbsp;<strong style="font-size: 12.8px;">top 10 NGS services companies to look for &ndash;</strong></p><p><strong>1.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.illumina.com/">Illumina, Inc. (U.S.)</a></strong></p><p>Illumina, Inc. was founded in 1998 and is headquartered at San Diego, U.S. Illumina, Inc. is one of the leading players in DNA sequencing and array-based technologies, serving customers in the research, clinical, and applied markets. The company offers products for applications in the life sciences, oncology, reproductive health, agriculture, and other emerging segments. The company serves government laboratories, genomic research centers, academics institutions as well as pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agrigenomics, commercial molecular diagnostics laboratories and consumer genomics companies. Illumina, Inc. has its geographic presence in North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia-pacific, and others.</p><p><strong>2.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.qiagen.com/us/">QIAGEN N.V. (Netherlands)</a></strong></p><p>QIAGEN N.V. was incorporated in 1986 and is headquartered at Venlo, The Netherlands. The Company is engaged in providing Sample to Insight solutions that transform biological samples into molecular insights. QIAGEN provides its workflow to customers in molecular diagnostics, assay technologies, bioservices and automation systems.&nbsp; The company&rsquo;s genome services are suitable for custom/tailored projects that allow access to genomic sequence information.&nbsp; The Company market its products in more than 100 countries across the Americas, Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Middle-East &amp;Africa through its subsidiaries and channel partners.</p><p><strong>3.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.perkinelmer.com/">PerkinElmer, Inc. (U.S.)</a></strong></p><p>PerkinElmer, Inc. was founded in 1947 and is headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts, the U.S. PerkinElmer, Inc. offers its products &amp; services and solutions for the diagnostics, food, environmental, industrial, life sciences research and laboratory services markets. The company offer comprehensive genetic testing solutions that help to provide insight into the complex nature of rare and inherited diseases. Some of the subsidiaries of the company are Caliper Life Sciences, Improvision, Viacell Inc., ViaCord LLC, among many others. The company has its facilities located in Europe (France, Germany, and Belgium), U.S. and Asia (China, India, and Japan).</p><p><strong>4.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eurofins.com/">Eurofins Scientific SE (Luxembourg)</a></strong></p><p>Eurofins Scientific SE was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Luxembourg, Europe. The company offers a portfolio of over 130,000 analytical methods and more than 150 million assays performed each year to establish the safety, identity, composition, authenticity, origin, traceability, and purity of biological substances and products, as well as carry out human diagnostic services. The company has its geographic presence across 39 countries in Europe, North and South America, and Asia-Pacific.</p><p><strong>5.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.gatc-biotech.com/en/index.html">GATC Biotech AG (Germany)</a></strong></p><p>GATC Biotech AG was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Constance, Germany. The company provides DNA and RNA sequencing and bioservices solutions to academics and industrial areas. It also provides next generation sequencing services including genomes, targeted (re)-sequencing, human sample sequencing, transcriptomes, metagenomes, regulomes, pre-sequencing, NGS barcode labels, and next generation sequencing technologies; and bioservices services, including bioservices tools, pipelines and workflows, compute resources, data analysis reports, and case studies. GATC Biotech AG operates as a subsidiary of Eurofins Scientific SE. It offers its products through distributors in Italy, Japan, Portugal, Spain, and the Czech Republic.</p><p><strong>6.<a href="https://www.macrogen.com/">&nbsp;Macrogen, Inc. (South Korea)</a></strong></p><p>Macrogen, Inc. was founded in 1997 and is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. Macrogen, Inc. provides next generation sequencing services such as whole genome, de novo, exome, targeted, transcriptomics, metagenome, and epigenome sequencing.&nbsp; The company also provides a variety of services such as oligo synthesis, database construction, genome research, and bioservices analysis system consulting services. Macrogen, Inc. provides genome research services in Korea and internationally.</p><p><strong>7.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.genotypic.co.in/">Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd. (India)</a></strong></p><p>Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd. was incorporated in 1998 and is headquartered in Bangalore, India. Genotypic Technology is the first Genomics service provider in India providing Microarray, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), Bioservices and solutions to domestic/ international pharma, biotech companies and academia. The company provides its services for protocol optimization, probe designing, array layouts, project designing, and nucleic acid analysis to in-depth analysis. Genotypic Technology has its geographic presence in North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East &amp; Africa, and Latin America.</p><p><strong>8.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.genewiz.com/">GENEWIZ, Inc. (U.S.)</a></strong></p><p>GENEWIZ, Inc. was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in South Plainfield, New Jersey, the U.S.; The company is a leading provider of research service in the field of Next Generation Sequencing, Sanger DNA sequencing, sequencing of bacteria and phage, gene synthesis, DNA cloning, genomics including mutation analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism, and bioservices. GENEWIZ, Inc. has its geographic presence in U.S., China, Germany, France, Japan, and the U.K.</p><p><strong>9.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.genomics.cn/">Beijing Genomics Institute (China)</a></strong></p><p>Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) is the world&rsquo;s largest genomics organization and non-profit research institution that was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in Shenzhen, China. The Company provides a wide range of commercial next generation sequencing services and genetic tests for medical institutions, agricultural and environmental applications. The Company operates all across the globe through its subsidiaries, namely, BGI China (Mainland), BGI Asia Pacific, BGI Americas (North and South America) and BGI Europe (Europe and Africa).</p><p><strong>10.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.scigenom.com/">SciGenom Labs Pvt. Ltd (India)</a></strong></p><p>SciGenom Labs Pvt. Ltd was founded in 2010 and is headquartered in Cochin, India with offices in Chennai &amp; Hyderabad in India, and San Francisco in the U.S. It is a Genomics R&amp;D services company that provides genomic sequencing and NGS services to life sciences and healthcare businesses globally as well as academic and government institutions in India.</p><p>Popular mentions &ndash; MedGenome (India), DNA Link, Inc. (South Korea), Otogenetics Corporation (U.S.), Novogene Corporation (China), LGC Limited (U.K.), CD Genomics (U.S.), SeqLL, LLC (U.S.)</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/9579/junior-research-fellow-position-at-school-of-biotechnology-gautam-buddha-university-greater-noida</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2014 14:46:57 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOW POSITION at School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University Greater Noida]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Walk-In Interview for one position of Junior Research Fellow (JRF) in a SERB, Department of Science and Technology (DST) funded research project entitled “Design and evaluation of novel Beta-3 adrenoreceptor agonists for potential antidepressant activity” under the supervision of Dr. Shakti Sahi which was scheduled on 31st March, 2014 is now re-scheduled on account of public holiday.</p>

<p>The interview will now be held 01st April 2014. The monthly fellowship of JRF will be Rs 12,000/- plus HRA as per the University rules.</p>

<p>Essential Qualification: Master degree in any discipline of Life Science with NET qualified or valid GATE score.</p>

<p>Desirable Qualification: Preference will be given to candidates having research experience in Bioinformatics.</p>

<p>The interested candidates should report for the Interview on 01st April, 2014 at 10:00 am in the Conference Room of Dean, School of Biotechnology, First floor, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida. Interested candidates may also send their resume to undersigned by postmail/e-mail shaktis@gbu.ac.in or shaktisahi@gmail.com. No TA and DA will be paid for appearing for the interview.</p>

<p>Dr. Shakti Sahi<br />(Principle Investigator)<br />School of Biotechnology<br />Gautam Buddha University<br />Greater Noida<br />Ph:9971791897</p>

<p>Advertisement:</p>

<p>www.gbu.ac.in/Recruitment/JRF_advertisement_DSTProject_Shakti_26March14.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43828/understanding-hifi-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 24 Mar 2022 19:48:11 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43828/understanding-hifi-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Understanding HiFi Reads !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>While little public data is available for either of the new synthetic long read approaches, Illumina showed an example comparison earlier this year at the&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.festivalofgenomics.com/rami-mehio" target="_blank">Festival of Genomics &amp; Biodata conference</a><span>&nbsp;(FoG 2022). In the IGV screenshot presented (below), synthetic Infinity reads &ndash; labeled &ldquo;Longas&rdquo; &ndash; are at the top, followed by standard Illumina short reads, and PacBio HiFi reads labeled &ldquo;CCS&rdquo; depicted at the bottom:</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://pacb.com/blog/the-hifi-difference-true-long-reads-vs-synthetic-long-reads/" rel="nofollow">http://pacb.com/blog/the-hifi-difference-true-long-reads-vs-synthetic-long-reads/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/9701/postodoc-in-computationalsystems-biology-and-machine-learning</guid>
  <pubDate>Wed, 09 Apr 2014 20:47:57 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Postodoc in Computational/Systems Biology and Machine Learning]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>One profile of Computational/Systems Biology and Machine Learning at Postdoc level is needed at the Laboratory of Immunobiology of Neurological Disorders led by Cinthia Farina, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano. The projects of interest for this application involve research on translational bioinformatics in complex human disorders.<br /> <br />You have a  PhD in Computational Science, Bioinformatics,  or equivalent.<br /> <br />Especially relevant skills for the profile are:<br />1. In-depth understanding and implementation of methods and development of<br />algorithms for statistical and machine learning classification, clustering, predictive<br />modelling.<br />2. Experience on transcriptomics and clinical data analysis, in particular gene regulatory networks, protein interactomes, development of diagnostic tools.<br /> <br />3. Solid experience with data mining, bioinformatics programming and statistics for bioinformatics.<br />4. Flexibility and willing to work across multiple projects and technology in a rapidly evolving scientific context. <br /> <br />Candidates with programming/scripting experience are also welcome. In particular, proficiency in one or more mainstream programming languages (C, C++, Java, Python, Perl, etc.), together with the understanding of relational database design and SQL/DBMS systems (e.g. MySQL, PHP, Oracle).<br />Experience with the analysis of next-generation sequencing data is a plus.<br />Clear demonstration of experience in analysis and modelling of omics and clinical data must be provided.<br /> <br />Interested candidates should send to farina.cinthia@hsr.it:<br /> <br />1. CV (please show evidences of relevant titles, projects, courses, references, etc.)<br />2. One page with a list of research topics (i.e. ongoing projects)<br />3. earliest availability<br />4. 2-3 contact names</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/42972/list-of-bioinformatics-workflow-management-tools</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 20 Mar 2021 00:15:25 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/42972/list-of-bioinformatics-workflow-management-tools</link>
	<title><![CDATA[List of bioinformatics workflow management tools !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<h3>Here are list of&nbsp;Workflow Managers</h3><ul>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/pcingola/BigDataScript">BigDataScript</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; A cross-system scripting language for working with big data pipelines in computer systems of different sizes and capabilities. [&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25189778">paper-2014</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="https://pcingola.github.io/BigDataScript">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/ssadedin/bpipe">Bpipe</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; A small language for defining pipeline stages and linking them together to make pipelines. [&nbsp;<a href="http://docs.bpipe.org/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/common-workflow-language/common-workflow-language">Common Workflow Language</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; a specification for describing analysis workflows and tools that are portable and scalable across a variety of software and hardware environments, from workstations to cluster, cloud, and high performance computing (HPC) environments. [&nbsp;<a href="http://www.commonwl.org/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/broadinstitute/cromwell">Cromwell</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; A Workflow Management System geared towards scientific workflows. [&nbsp;<a href="https://cromwell.readthedocs.io/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/galaxyproject">Galaxy</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; a popular open-source, web-based platform for data intensive biomedical research. Has several features, from data analysis to workflow management to visualization tools. [&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6030816">paper-2018</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="https://galaxyproject.org/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/nextflow-io/nextflow">Nextflow</a>&nbsp;(recommended)</span>&nbsp;&ndash; A fluent DSL modelled around the UNIX pipe concept, that simplifies writing parallel and scalable pipelines in a portable manner. [&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29412134">paper-2018</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="http://nextflow.io/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/cgat-developers/ruffus">Ruffus</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; Computation Pipeline library for python widely used in science and bioinformatics. [&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20847218">paper-2010</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ruffus.org.uk/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/SeqWare/seqware">SeqWare</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; Hadoop Oozie-based workflow system focused on genomics data analysis in cloud environments. [&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21210981">paper-2010</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="https://seqware.github.io/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://bitbucket.org/snakemake">Snakemake</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; A workflow management system in Python that aims to reduce the complexity of creating workflows by providing a fast and comfortable execution environment. [&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29788404">paper-2018</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="https://snakemake.readthedocs.io/">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
<li><span><a href="https://github.com/broadinstitute/wdl">Workflow Descriptor Language</a></span>&nbsp;&ndash; Workflow standard developed by the Broad. [&nbsp;<a href="https://software.broadinstitute.org/wdl">web</a>&nbsp;]</li>
</ul>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/10392/research-associate-ra-at-institute-of-advanced-study-in-science-and-technology</guid>
  <pubDate>Mon, 05 May 2014 08:44:24 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Research Associate (RA) at INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDY IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDY IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY<br />(An Autonomous Institute under Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India)<br />Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati-781035</p>

<p>Appointment Adv.No.2</p>

<p>Applications in plain paper are invited from Indian citizens for one/two position each of Research Associate, Traineeship and Studentship for BIF facility, Division of Life Sciences, IASST.</p>

<p>Applications with complete Bio-data containing contact address, e-mail and phone number, two recent passport size photographs and attested copies of mark sheets, certificates etc., should be sent to the Registrar, IASST, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati – 781035, Assam, so as to reach on or before 5/05/2014.</p>

<p>A. Research Associate:</p>

<p>Number of vacancies: 1 (One)</p>

<p>Qualifications:</p>

<p>PhD in Bioinformatics or allied disciplines with knowledge of Bioinformatics. The candidates who have submitted PhD thesis may also apply.</p>

<p>In case, candidates having PhD are not found, candidates having MSc in Bioinformatics or allied disciplines with sound knowledge of Bioinformatics will be preferred.</p>

<p>Remuneration: Candidate having PhD will get a consolidated remuneration of Rs. 22,000/- +HRA per month. MSc having NET/GATE/SLET qualified candidate will get a remuneration of Rs. 16,000/= and HRA and candidate with only MSc will get a remuneration of Rs.14,000/- and HRA.</p>

<p>Tenure:</p>

<p>The post is initially for one year and may be extended depending on the performance till the tenure of the project.</p>

<p>B. Traineeship:</p>

<p>Number of vacancies: 2 (Two)</p>

<p>Qualifications:</p>

<p>Candidate with a postgraduate degree in Bioinformatics/Biotechnology/Life sciences from a recognised University</p>

<p>Remuneration: Rs. 5000/month for 6 months</p>

<p>C. Studentship:</p>

<p>Number of vacancies: 2 (Two)</p>

<p>Qualifications:</p>

<p>Candidate pursuing M.Sc in bioinformatics in a recognised University.</p>

<p>Remuneration: Rs. 5000/month for 6 months</p>

<p>Advertisement:</p>

<p>http://iasst.gov.in/pdf/recruitment/advt%20no_2_24042014.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37835/variantbam-filtering-and-profiling-of-next-generational-sequencing-data-using-region-specific-rules</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2018 16:30:44 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37835/variantbam-filtering-and-profiling-of-next-generational-sequencing-data-using-region-specific-rules</link>
	<title><![CDATA[VariantBam: Filtering and profiling of next-generational sequencing data using region-specific rules]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>VariantBam is a tool to extract/count specific sets of sequencing reads from next-generational sequencing files. To save money, disk space and I/O, one may not want to store an entire BAM on disk. In many cases, it would be more efficient to store only those read-pairs or reads who intersect some region around the variant locations. Alternatively, if your scientific question is focused on only one aspect of the data (e.g. breakpoints), many reads can be removed without losing the information relevant to the problem.</p>
<h5>&nbsp;</h5><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/broadinstitute/VariantBam" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/broadinstitute/VariantBam</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/10260/%E2%80%9Con%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Coff%E2%80%9D-the-neuron</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 25 Apr 2014 19:31:13 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/10260/%E2%80%9Con%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Coff%E2%80%9D-the-neuron</link>
	<title><![CDATA[“On” and “Off” the neuron !!!]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>Optogenetics is a recent innovation in neuroscience that gives researchers the ability to control the activity of neurons with light. With this powerful tool, researchers are teasing apart the biological basis of memory, behavior, and disease (see &ldquo;<a href="http://www.technologyreview.com/news/517226/scientists-make-mice-remember-things-that-didnt-happen/"><span>Scientists Make Mice &lsquo;Remember&rsquo; Things That Didn&rsquo;t Happen</span></a>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<a href="http://www.technologyreview.com/news/423254/an-on-off-switch-for-anxiety/"><span>An On-Off Switch for Anxiety</span></a>,&rdquo;). But for the first several years of this technology&rsquo;s existence, the proteins that scientists added to neurons to make them react to light were only good at activating neurons. That limited researchers&rsquo; ability to understand neuronal circuits, sets of interconnected neurons that are thought to control behavior and, when misfiring, to underlie many brain conditions. Problems can arise from any imbalance in circuit activity, whether too much or too little.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span>Now, two research groups have engineered new optogenetic proteins that can be used to efficiently silence neurons.&nbsp;<span><span>One of the two new proteins comes from the lab of<span>&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.stanford.edu/group/dlab/about_pi.html" target="_blank">Karl Deisseroth</a>, a psychiatrist and neuroscientist at Stanford University who helped develop optogenetics as a research tool.&nbsp;His group&rsquo;s new &ldquo;off&rdquo; switch for neurons was created by changing 10 of the 333 amino acids in an existing optogenetic protein, which itself had been engineered by combining natural proteins from<span>&nbsp;</span></span></span><a href="http://genome.jgi-psf.org/Chlre3/Chlre3.home.html" target="_blank"><span>green algae</span></a><span><span>. That advance&nbsp;</span><span>&ldquo;creates a powerful tool that allows neuroscientists to apply a brake in any specific circuit with millisecond precision,&rdquo; said Thomas&nbsp;Insel, director of the National Institute of Mental Health, in a released statement.&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6182/409" target="_blank"><span>The other new silencing protein</span></a>, developed by scientists at the H</span><span>umboldt University of Berlin and collaborators, was created by changing amino acids in the same existing optogenetic protein.&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span><span>Some researchers are also looking to optogenetics as a potential treatment for patients with a variety of conditions (see &ldquo;</span></span><span><a href="http://www.technologyreview.com/news/524771/for-mice-and-maybe-men-pain-is-gone-in-a-flash/"><span>For Mice, and Maybe Men, Pain Is Gone in a Flash</span></a><span><span>,&rdquo; and &ldquo;</span></span><a href="http://www.technologyreview.com/news/506981/flipping-on-the-lights-to-halt-seizures/"><span>Flipping on the Lights to Halt Seizures</span></a><span><span>&rdquo;) but there are huge challenges to overcome. The method requires genetic modification of cells to make them light-sensitive. It also requires implanted light sources for all but the shallowest of nerve endings. <br /></span></span></span></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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