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<channel>
	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/28141?offset=1290</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/28141?offset=1290" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35802/bioinformatics-tools-to-detect-horizontal-gene-transfer-hgt-in-genomes</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 02 Mar 2018 04:56:23 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35802/bioinformatics-tools-to-detect-horizontal-gene-transfer-hgt-in-genomes</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics tools to detect horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in genomes]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the &ldquo;non-sexual movement of genetic material between two organisms&rdquo; , is relatively common in prokaryotes&nbsp;and single-celled eukaryotes, but a number of factors combine to make it far rarer in multicellular eukaryotes. In order for a eukaryotic species to gain a gene by HGT, foreign DNA must enter the host nucleus, integrate into the genome, and in more complex organisms it must enter the sequestered germline in order to be transmitted to offspring. Once there, it must not experience strong negative selection, despite potential for genetic incompatibility with the host genome and mismatch between the niche of the donor and the host. Over the longer term, foreign DNA may become &ldquo;domesticated&rdquo; in the recipient genome and provide novel function.</p><p>Following are the popular tool to detect HGT in genomes:</p><p><a href="http://www.trex.uqam.ca/index.php?action=hgt&amp;project=trex">T-REX</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://www.trex.uqam.ca/download/hgt-detection_3.22.zip">3.22</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download &amp; compile</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20525630">20525630</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://compbio.engr.uconn.edu/software/RANGER-DTL/">RANGER-DTL</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://compbio.engr.uconn.edu/software/RANGER-DTL/Linux.zip">2.0</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download binary</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22689773">22689773</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://bioinfocs.rice.edu/phylonet">PhyloNet</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="https://bioinfocs.rice.edu/sites/g/files/bxs266/f/kcfinder/files/PhyloNet_3.6.1.jar">3.6.1</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download binary</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18662388">18662388</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://www.cs.hmc.edu/~hadas/jane/index.html">Jane</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cs.hmc.edu/~hadas/jane/form.html">4.01</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download binary (!license!)</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20181081">20181081</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://www.tree-puzzle.de/">TREE-PUZZLE</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://www.tree-puzzle.de/tree-puzzle-5.3.rc16-linux.tar.gz">5.3.rc16</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download &amp; compile</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11934758">11934758</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://www.sigmath.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/shimo-lab/prog/consel/">CONSEL</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sigmath.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/shimo-lab/prog/consel/pub/cnsls020.tgz">0.20</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11751242">11751242</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://darkhorse.ucsd.edu/">DarkHorse</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://darkhorse.ucsd.edu/DarkHorse-1.5_rev170.tar.gz">1.5 rev170</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download &amp; install</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17274820">17274820</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://github.com/DittmarLab/HGTector">HGTector</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/DittmarLab/HGTector/archive/wgshgt.zip">0.2.1</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;git clone</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25159222">25159222</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://www5.esu.edu/cpsc/bioinfo/software/EGID/">EGID</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://www5.esu.edu/cpsc/bioinfo/software/EGID/EGID_1.0.tar.gz">1.0</a></p><p>HGT detection /&nbsp;download</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355228">22355228</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://exon.gatech.edu/GeneMark/">GeneMarkS</a>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href="http://exon.gatech.edu/GeneMark/license_download.cgi">4.30</a></p><p>HGT detection / download binary (!license!)</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9461475">9461475</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>

<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/18385/biinformamatics-lead-at-google-life-sciences</guid>
  <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2014 02:24:55 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Biinformamatics Lead at Google Life Sciences]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Google Life Sciences is recruiting a technical lead with experience in bioinformatics and clinical bioinformatics, including for biomarker discovery projects such as the Baseline study.</p>

<p>Responsibilities</p>

<p>Lead teams of scientists in structuring, prototyping, and executing large-scale bioinformatic and other analysis.<br />Develop novel bioinformatics, statistical, data processing, pathway, data mining and other algorithms to identify biological signals and their clinical correlates in broad kinds of individual and population data.<br />Develop novel platform-level analytical tools for sequence-based assays (assembly, annotation, variant calling and interpretation, phasing, genome structure, etc.), expression assays (RNAseq and microarray), proteomics, and metabolomics.<br />Develop statistical models that robustly correlate complex laboratory-derived information with phenotypic and clinical information.<br />Create scientifically rigorous visualizations, communications, and presentations of results.</p>

<p>Reference @ https://www.google.com/about/careers/search#!t=jo&amp;jid=62095001</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/36398/tools-for-protein-protein-docking</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2018 05:15:53 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/36398/tools-for-protein-protein-docking</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Tools for Protein-Protein Docking !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Predicting the structure of protein&ndash;protein complexes using docking approaches is a difficult problem whose major challenges include identifying correct solutions, and properly dealing with molecular flexibility and conformational changes. Following are the tools to predict&nbsp;<span>the structure of protein&ndash;protein complexes:</span></p><p><a href="http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/docking/index.html" target="_blank">3D-Dock Suite</a></p><p>Global rigid search: FFTShape complementarity and electrostatics</p><p>Re-scoring and clustering. Refinement of interface side-chains</p><p><a href="http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/~3dgarden/" target="_blank">3D-Garden</a></p><p>Global rigid search in ensamble</p><p>Shape complementarity and Lennard&ndash;Jones potential</p><p>Side chain and backbone dihedral refinement</p><p><a href="http://www.sdsc.edu/CCMS/DOT/" target="_blank">DOT</a></p><p>Global rigid search: FFTShape complementarity, electrostatics and VDWNone</p><p><a href="http://users.unimi.it/~ddl/escherng/index.htm" target="_blank">Escher NG</a></p><p>Global rigid searchShape complementarity, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic</p><p>Integrated in&nbsp;<a href="http://users.unimi.it/~ddl/vega/download.htm" target="_blank">VEGA</a></p><p><a href="http://vakser.bioinformatics.ku.edu/resources/gramm/gramm1" target="_blank">GRAMM</a>&nbsp;</p><p>Global rigid search: FFT. smooth protein surface representation for soft docking</p><p>Shape complementarity and Lennard-Jones potential</p><p>Clustering of conformations</p><p><a href="http://vakser.bioinformatics.ku.edu/resources/gramm/grammx/" target="_blank">GRAMM-X</a>&nbsp;</p><p>Global rigid search: FFT. smooth protein surface representation for soft docking</p><p>Shape complementarity and Lennard-Jones potentialminimization and re-scoring with multiple filters</p><p><a href="http://www.loria.fr/~ritchied/hex_server/" target="_blank">HEX</a></p><p>Global rigid search: Fourier correlation of spherical harmonics</p><p>Shape complementarity</p><p><a href="http://www.csd.abdn.ac.uk/hex/" target="_blank"></a><a href="http://haddock.chem.uu.nl/Haddock/haddock.php" target="_blank">HADDOCK</a></p><p>Global rigid searchElectrostatic ,VDW and desolvation energy termsMD simulated annealing refinement . Filtering based on external data.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://www.molsoft.com/docking.html">ICM</a></p><p>Global rigid search: Monte CarloEmpirical scoring function</p><p>Clustering and selection of conformations. Refinement of interface side-chains and re-scoring</p><p><a href="http://www.weizmann.ac.il/Chemical_Research_Support/molfit/" target="_blank">MolFit&nbsp;</a></p><p>Global rigid search: FFTShape complementarity</p><p>Clustering of good solutions, filtering using&nbsp;<em>a priori&nbsp;</em>information and small, local rigid rotations around selected conformations</p><p><a href="http://bioinfo3d.cs.tau.ac.il/PatchDock/" target="_blank">PatchDock</a></p><p>Global rigid searchShape complementarity and atomic desolvation energy</p><p>Clustering of conformations</p><p><a href="http://inb.bsc.es/gn6/PyDock" target="_blank">PyDock</a></p><p>Global rigid search:FFTShape complementarity</p><p>rescoring by binding electrostatics and desolvation energy</p><p><a href="http://bioinfo3d.cs.tau.ac.il/PatchDock/" target="_blank"></a><a href="http://rosettadock.graylab.jhu.edu/" target="_blank">RosettaDock</a></p><p>Local rigid search: Monte Carlo with low and high resolution structure representation levels</p><p>Different scoring parameters for the different resolutions&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://zlab.bu.edu/zdock/" target="_blank">ZDOCK</a></p><p>Global rigid search: FFTShape complementarity, desolvation energy, and electrostatics.</p><p>Energy minimization and re-scoringFree for academics</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Point to note:</p><p>The proper treatment of flexibility in protein&ndash;protein docking is still an active field of research. You first should analyzed your proteins in order to define their conformational space and then choose the most suitable method for your docking problem.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Poonam Mahapatra</dc:creator>
</item>

<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/18580/faculty-positions-at-central-university-of-punjab-bathinda</guid>
  <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2014 10:45:37 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Faculty Positions at CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB, BATHINDA]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Advertisement No. T/NT-01 (2014)</p>

<p>Faculty Positions<br />The Central University of Punjab (CUP), Bathinda will be having the Schools and Departments as given in Table-I. The University invites applications from eligible candidates for the posts of Professors (Pay Band Rs. 37400-67000 with AGP of Rs. 10, 000/-), Associate Professors (Pay Band Rs.37400-67000 with AGP of Rs. 9,000/-) and Assistant Professors (Pay Band Rs.15600-39100 with AGP of Rs. 6,000/-)</p>

<p>POSITION AVAILABLE IN THE AREA OF SPECIALIZTION</p>

<p>3. Bioinformatics,</p>

<p>Procedure to apply: Application forms along with API form complete in all respect along with necessary documents and application fee of Rs. 750/-. (Rs. 250/- for Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe/Person with disabilities) should be sent to:</p>

<p>Registrar (Officiating)<br />Central University of Punjab<br />City Campus, Mansa Road<br />Bathinda-151 001</p>

<p>Application forms from the prospective candidates are accepted upto November 10, 2014.</p>

<p>Based on the qualification of the candidates and the need of the university, the applications received will be processed through appropriately constituted selection committees shortly. Minimum qualification can be relaxed in case of exceptionally outstanding candidate. For further details visit www.cup.ac.in; www.centralunipunjab.com; www.cup.edu.in</p>

<p>The candidate should download the application form available at website www.cup.ac.in;<br />www.centralunipunjab.com; and submit it complete in all respects on or before 10th November 2014.</p>

<p>Those who have applied earlier need to submit Academic Performance Index (API) form, 5 copies of Summary of the Application Form (available at: www.cup.ac.in; www.centralunipunjab.com and Updated CV if not updated recently (without application fee).</p>

<p>http://cup.edu.in/Faculty_details_and_general_instructions.pdf</p>

<p>http://cup.edu.in/Final%20Application%20and%20summary%20Sheet%20and%20Api%20form.pdf</p>
]]></description>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36514/evidentialgene-tr2aacds-mrna-transcript-assembly-software</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2018 04:39:39 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36514/evidentialgene-tr2aacds-mrna-transcript-assembly-software</link>
	<title><![CDATA[EvidentialGene: tr2aacds, mRNA Transcript Assembly Software]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>EvidentialGene is a genome informatics project, "Evidence Directed Gene Construction for Eukaryotes", to construct high quality, accurate gene sets for animals and plants, developed by Don Gilbert at Indiana University, see</span><br><a href="http://arthropods.eugenes.org/EvidentialGene/" target="_blank">http://arthropods.eugenes.org/EvidentialGene/<span></span></a><br><br><span>Construction refers to the combination of classical gene prediction, and more recent gene assembly (de-novo and genome-assisted) methods. The basic Evigene methods involve using available best-of-breed gene prediction and assembly software, combining all evidence for genes, from expressed sequences, genome assembly sequences, related species protein sequences, and any other, to annotate and score gene constructions. Over-produced constructions are classified by gene evidence for best qualities per "locus", including genome-aligned and gene-transcript aligned (genome-free) locus identification. All software developed for EvidentialGene is publicly available. See project wiki/blog for notes.</span></p>
<p><span>Download&nbsp;</span></p>
<p>http://arthropods.eugenes.org/EvidentialGene/trassembly.html</p>
<p>https://sourceforge.net/p/evidentialgene/blog/</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://arthropods.eugenes.org/EvidentialGene/trassembly.html" rel="nofollow">http://arthropods.eugenes.org/EvidentialGene/trassembly.html</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/19020/jrf-in-bioinformatics-bioinformatics-centre-north-eastern-hill-university</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2014 10:24:05 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[JRF in Bioinformatics @ Bioinformatics Centre, North-Eastern Hill University]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Applications with complete bio-data are invited for JRF (3) and Project Assistant (1) in a DBT project "Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based de novo assembly of expressed transcripts and genome information of Orchids in North-East India" sanctioned for a period of 3 years.</p>

<p>Details are available at www.nehu.ac.in and www.bicnehu.ac.in.</p>

<p>Applications must reach the undersigned within 15 days from the date of publication of this advertisement.</p>

<p>Prof. Pramod Tandon. PI/Mr. Devendra Kumar Biswal (Co-PI)</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37520/mmgenome-tools-for-extracting-individual-genomes-from-metagneomes</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 09 Aug 2018 17:41:17 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37520/mmgenome-tools-for-extracting-individual-genomes-from-metagneomes</link>
	<title><![CDATA[mmgenome: Tools for extracting individual genomes from metagneomes]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>The mmgenome toolbox enables reproducible extraction of individual genomes from metagenomes. It builds on the&nbsp;<a href="http://madsalbertsen.github.io/multi-metagenome/">multi-metagenome</a>&nbsp;concept, but wraps most of the process of extracting genomes in simple R functions. Thereby making the whole process of binning easy and at the same time reproducible through the Rmarkdown format.</p>
<p>The mmgenome R package also facilitates effortless integration with additional data sources and hence should not be seen as "yet another binning method", but rather a package to integrate different binning strategies.</p>
<p>All functions in the mmgenome R package has associated documentation, check it out in R by e.g.&nbsp;<code>?mmplot</code>.</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/MadsAlbertsen/mmgenome" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/MadsAlbertsen/mmgenome</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/43997/tools-for-rna-classification</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 08 Nov 2022 03:39:11 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/43997/tools-for-rna-classification</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Tools for RNA classification]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>barrnap</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/tseemann/barrnap" target="_blank">https://github.com/tseemann/barrnap</a></p><p><span>CPAT</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/liguowang/cpat" target="_blank">https://github.com/liguowang/cpat</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://lilab.research.bcm.edu/" target="_blank">http://lilab.research.bcm.edu/</a>&nbsp;(web server)</p><p><span>CPC2</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/gao-lab/CPC2_standalone" target="_blank">https://github.com/gao-lab/CPC2_standalone</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://cpc2.gao-lab.org/" target="_blank">http://cpc2.gao-lab.org/</a>&nbsp;(web server)</p><p><span>Infernal</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="http://eddylab.org/infernal/" target="_blank">http://eddylab.org/infernal/</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/EddyRivasLab/infernal" target="_blank">https://github.com/EddyRivasLab/infernal</a></p><p><span>NCBI RefSeq</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/</a></p><p><span>Rfam</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="http://rfam.xfam.org/" target="_blank">http://rfam.xfam.org/</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.rfam.org/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank">https://docs.rfam.org/en/latest/index.html</a></p><p><span>SILVA</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://www.arb-silva.de/" target="_blank">https://www.arb-silva.de/</a></p><p><span>RNAmmer</span>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/RNAmmer/" target="_blank">http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/RNAmmer/</a>&nbsp;(web server, standalone download link)</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhi</dc:creator>
</item>

<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/19162/icgeb-bioinformatics-rasrfjrf-vacancies</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 13 Nov 2014 13:39:30 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[ICGEB Bioinformatics RA/SRF/JRF Vacancies]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Research Associate/JRF/SRF position, DBT Sponsored Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility</p>

<p>Applicants should hold a PhD or a first class MSc/MTech degree in Bioinformatics of Biotechnology/Life Sciences; experience in using bioinformatics tools, working in Linux and knowledge of computer network administration.</p>

<p>Submit CV and letter of interest by email to: Dr. Dinesh Gupta atdinesh@icgeb.res.in</p>
]]></description>
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<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/45343/simulating-the-unseen-new-tools-reshaping-metagenomic-research</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 23 Sep 2026 09:42:30 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/45343/simulating-the-unseen-new-tools-reshaping-metagenomic-research</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Simulating the Unseen: New Tools Reshaping Metagenomic Research]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>When benchmarking a new metagenomic pipeline the first step is generally to face a simple problem. A bioinformatician might have a good deal of real sequencing data, but there's a drawback in that the actual biological composition underlying those reads is almost never known. What organisms really were there? In what quantities? How many sequencing errors occurred? Can the pipeline correctly reconstruct the community? Since the true answers are unknown, it is difficult to deal with these questions.</p><p>Metagenomic simulators are a way of dealing with this issue; they produce artificial sequencing datasets in which both the composition of the microorganisms and the expected results are known. Researchers can then test a pipeline on such a controlled dataset and see precisely how well it functions. However, as metagenomic studies have become larger, more diverse, and more complex, simply generating artificial reads is no longer sufficient. The simulators now have to replicate community variation, sequencing errors, different sequencing platforms, massive data volumes, and even laboratory-based biases.</p><p>MIDASim (2024) was designed with a particular emphasis on microbial community dynamics. Unlike previous tools which regarded each simulated sample as individual, MIDASim is able to efficiently generate realistic multi-sample microbiome datasets, covering the cases where changes over time are being tracked. This feature is particularly useful when investigating how microbial communities vary between people, different experimental setups, or at various times. By overcoming the computational limitations of earlier simulation methods, MIDASim has made it easier to carry out large and complex microbiome simulation studies.</p><p>A major challenge is scale. Since modern metagenomic projects can involve millions or even billions of sequencing reads, generating such large synthetic datasets can become a significant computational problem. In order to tackle this issue, Izzy (2025) was developed. As a high-throughput metagenomic read simulator, Izzy is designed with speed in mind while still reproducing the typical patterns of sequencing errors. The people who developed it stated that it can be as much as 60 times faster than earlier tools, which makes large-scale simulations far more practical. Now, researchers can begin to ask not how long a simulation will take but rather what size dataset they want to test.</p><p>At the same time, the sequencing technology became more diverse. Researchers were not any longer restricted to using Illumina short reads since Oxford Nanopore and PacBio long-read sequencing also became important in the field of metagenomic research. In order to address these new requirements, MeSS (Metagenomic Sequence Simulator, 2025) was developed. The programme is based on a Snakemake framework and is therefore compatible with the Illumina, Oxford Nanopore and PacBio platforms. MeSS has also been designed to operate efficiently and to use less memory than earlier tools; it provides ready-made templates for the microbiomes of different sites in the human body, thus giving researchers a simple means of beginning to generate realistic simulated communities.</p><p>The simulation problem became even more specialized. Suppose that sequencing is not based on uniform sampling of DNA? In the case of targeted sequencing and hybridization-capture experiments, particular sequences are deliberately enriched, and the probability of capturing a target depends on both the probe and the target sequence. A standard model based on uniform sampling might fail to take into account this important feature of real experiments. That is why RAmpSim has been designed specifically to handle simulations for capture-based and targeted sequencing. Instead of depending solely on the assumption of uniform sampling, it includes a thermodynamic nearest-neighbor energy model to represent probe&ndash;target interactions and sequence-dependent enrichment. As a result, it is especially suitable for applications such as hybridization capture in metagenomics, where the efficiency of recovering a sequence can depend strongly on how it relates to the capture probes. RAmpSim thus reflects a wider trend towards simulations that aim not only to reproduce sequencing output but also key aspects of the experimental process itself.</p><p>MIDASim, Izzy, MeSS and RAmpSim all demonstrate how fast metagenomic simulation is evolving. MIDASim is able to deal with realistic variation within a large number of and changing microbial communities. Izzy overcomes the problem of generating very large datasets. MeSS provides support for a number of sequencing technologies in an efficient and repeatable manner. RAmpSim increases the experimental realism for capture-based sequencing. Although each of these tools addresses a separate issue, they all contribute to advancing the field.</p><p>Modern metagenomic simulation therefore aims not only at producing artificial FASTQ files. Researchers nowadays desire simulated datasets that reflect community changes, incorporate the characteristics of the sequencing platform, include real error patterns, take into account computational scale, and account for experimental biases. As metagenomic workflows become more advanced, the simulators have to keep up with this development. The tools are now going beyond that of simple data generators; they produce controlled versions of complex metagenomic experiments and thus provide researchers with something that ordinary sequencing data seldom does: a dataset in which the answer is known before any analysis takes place.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>LEGE</dc:creator>
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