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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/29276?offset=900</link>
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	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/43728/short-read-assembly-using-spades</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 31 Jan 2022 07:18:16 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/43728/short-read-assembly-using-spades</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Short-read assembly using Spades !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<h2 id="short-read-assembly-a-comparison">If we only had Illumina reads, we could also assemble these using the tool Spades.</h2><p>You can try this here, or try it later on your own data.</p><h2 id="get-data">Get data</h2><p>We will use the same Illumina data as we used above:</p><ul>
<li>illumina_R1.fastq.gz: the Illumina forward reads</li>
<li>illumina_R2.fastq.gz: the Illumina reverse reads</li>
</ul><h2 id="assemble">Assemble</h2><p>Run Spades:</p><div><pre>spades.py -1 illumina_R1.fastq.gz -2 illumina_R2.fastq.gz --careful --cov-cutoff auto -o spades_assembly_all_illumina
</pre></div><ul>
<li><code>-1</code>&nbsp;is input file of forward reads</li>
<li><code>-2</code>&nbsp;is input file of reverse reads</li>
<li><code>--careful</code>&nbsp;minimizes mismatches and short indels</li>
<li><code>--cov-cutoff auto</code>&nbsp;computes the coverage threshold (rather than the default setting, &ldquo;off&rdquo;)</li>
<li><code>-o</code>&nbsp;is the output directory</li>
</ul><h2 id="results">Results</h2><p>Move into the output directory and look at the contigs:</p><div><pre>infoseq contigs.fasta</pre></div>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhimanyu Singh</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/19248/bioinformatics-jrfrasrf-position-at-institute-of-cytology-and-preventive-oncology-icpo</guid>
  <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2014 20:16:32 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics JRF/RA/SRF position at Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICPO)]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICPO) I-7, Sector-39, Noida-201301</p>

<p>Candidates having the below mentioned qualifications may appear for walk in interview at ICPO on 2nd December 2014 between 10.00 AM and 12:00 PM under the below time bound projects under Dr. Subhash M. Agarwal, Scientist C. The post is purely temporary and co-terminus with the project.</p>

<p>Research Assistant (One)<br />25650/- consolidated<br />Discovery of EGFR secondary mutant inhibitors using structure based screening approach (ICMR)<br />Duration: 7 months</p>

<p>Essential: M.Sc./ M.Tech in Bioinformatics or any other related subject with good academic record.</p>

<p>Desirable: Experience in scripting and molecular docking.<br />	<br />Below 30 years</p>

<p>Junior Research Fellow (One)</p>

<p>16,000 + 30% HRA = Rs. 20800/-</p>

<p>Identification of novel inhibitors targeting EGFR using an integrated ligand and structure based approach (DBT)</p>

<p>Duration: 9 months</p>

<p>Essential: M.Sc./ M.Tech in Bioinformatics or any other related subject with good academic record. Candidates with CSIR-UGC / ICMR, NET qualification will be preferred</p>

<p>Desirable: Experience in scripting, QSAR and molecular docking.<br />	<br />Below 28 years</p>

<p>Interested eligible candidates may send their applications with Bio-data by email at (smagarwal@gmail.com) or by post addressed to Dr. Subhash M Agarwal, Scientist C, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICPO) I-7, Sector-39, Noida-201301 so as to reach latest by 1st December, 2014. The candidates may appear for interview at ICPO along with 3 copies of CV, photo and relevant certificates of qualifications in original and reprints of publications at the time of interview. It should be noted that No TA/DA will be paid for the walk in Interview.</p>

<p>Advertisement: www.icpo.org.in/advt-walk-in-interview.docx</p>
]]></description>
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<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43801/smudgeplot-inference-of-ploidy-and-heterozygosity-structure-using-whole-genome-sequencing-data</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 25 Feb 2022 04:42:09 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43801/smudgeplot-inference-of-ploidy-and-heterozygosity-structure-using-whole-genome-sequencing-data</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Smudgeplot: Inference of ploidy and heterozygosity structure using whole genome sequencing data]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p dir="auto">This tool extracts heterozygous kmer pairs from kmer count databases and performs gymnastics with them. We are able to disentangle genome structure by comparing the sum of kmer pair coverages (CovA + CovB) to their relative coverage (CovB / (CovA + CovB)). Such an approach also allows us to analyze obscure genomes with duplications, various ploidy levels, etc.</p>
<p dir="auto">Smudgeplots are computed from raw or even better from trimmed reads and show the haplotype structure using heterozygous kmer pairs. For example:</p>
<p dir="auto"><a href="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/8181573/45959760-f1032d00-c01a-11e8-8576-ff0512c33da9.png" target="_blank"><img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/8181573/45959760-f1032d00-c01a-11e8-8576-ff0512c33da9.png" alt="smudgeexample" style="border: 0px;"></a></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/KamilSJaron/smudgeplot" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/KamilSJaron/smudgeplot</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Neel</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19556/genome-origami</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2014 22:48:17 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19556/genome-origami</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Genome Origami]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>There are several interesting factoid about our genomes, one of them is their folding. If we stretched out the DNA in a single cell, which is only a few millionths of an inch wide, it would span more than six feet. In other word, the size of six feet DNA fold themself to fit in a few millionths of an inch wide space. These DNA folding is a dynamic process that changes over time (!!). Researchers around the world have been trying to understand how DNA folds itself up so efficiently, and a recent post on the NIH Director&rsquo;s Blog highlights new research illustrating how the human genome folds inside the cell&rsquo;s nucleus, as well as how DNA folding affects gene regulation. The research team created this delightful video that demonstrates the principles involved using origami art.</p><p>http://bioinformaticsonline.com/videolist/watch/19555/a-3d-map-of-the-human-genome<br /><br />Researchers have been working to determine how cells regulate gene expression for nearly as long as we&rsquo;ve known about DNA. How, for example, do nerve cells know to turn off only nerve cell genes and turn off bone cell genes? DNA folding loops are part of the answer. This research team, which published their findings in a paper in Cell http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674%2814%2901497-4 , found that the number of loops is much lower than expected. There are only 10,000 loops instead of the predicted millions, and they form on/off switches in DNA.<br /><br /></p><p>More at http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-12/ru-3mr121114.php</p><p>Reference http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674%2814%2901497-4</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43923/monkeypox-virus-isolate-mpxv-usa-2022-ma001-complete-genome</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jul 2022 06:21:07 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/43923/monkeypox-virus-isolate-mpxv-usa-2022-ma001-complete-genome</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Monkeypox virus isolate MPXV_USA_2022_MA001, complete genome]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<pre>LOCUS       ON563414              197205 bp    DNA     linear   VRL 30-MAY-2022
DEFINITION  Monkeypox virus isolate MPXV_USA_2022_MA001, complete genome.
ACCESSION   ON563414
VERSION     ON563414.3
KEYWORDS    .
SOURCE      Monkeypox virus (monkeypox)
  ORGANISM  <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=10244">Monkeypox virus</a>
            Viruses; Varidnaviria; Bamfordvirae; Nucleocytoviricota;
            Pokkesviricetes; Chitovirales; Poxviridae; Chordopoxvirinae;
            Orthopoxvirus.</pre><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ON563414" rel="nofollow">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ON563414</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/19545/walk-%E2%80%93-in-%E2%80%93-interview-agricultural-knowledge-management-unit-indian-agricultural-research-institute-new-delhi-110012</guid>
  <pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2014 21:33:02 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[WALK – IN – INTERVIEW @ Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Walk-in-interview for the following temporary positions will be conducted on 20th December 2014 (between 10:00 AM to 01:00 PM) at Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit, A0 block (Ground Floor), LBS Building, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012:</p>

<p>1 Dr. A.K.Mishra Coordinator &amp; PI (BTISnet)</p>

<p>Traineeship (two) for one year</p>

<p>Rs. 5000/- (consolidated)</p>

<p>M.Sc. (Bioinformatics) with 60 % marks from a recognized University</p>

<p>20-12-2014 (10:00 AM -11:00 AM)</p>

<p>Studentship (four) for one year</p>

<p>Rs. 2500/- (consolidated)</p>

<p>Final year M.Sc./ M.Tech (Bioinformatics) Students from a recognized University</p>

<p>20-12-2014 (11:00 AM- 1:00 PM)</p>

<p>The positions are purely temporary and co-terminus with the DBT Programme. Eligible candidates are requested to submit the application form in the prescribed format along with original certificates/ documents (Degree, Marks sheets, Work experience, if any) at the time of interview. No TA/DA will be paid. Maximum age limit is 28 years for all positions. Age relaxation of 5 yrs for SC/ST and woman candidates and 3 years for OBC candidates will be given. Canvassing in any form invites disqualification.</p>

<p>Advertisement: http://www.iari.res.in/files/BIC-08122014-20141208-172344.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/44375/phyloherb-a-high%E2%80%90throughput-phylogenomic-pipeline-for-processing-genome-skimming-data</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 06 Sep 2023 00:14:28 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/44375/phyloherb-a-high%E2%80%90throughput-phylogenomic-pipeline-for-processing-genome-skimming-data</link>
	<title><![CDATA[PhyloHerb: A high‐throughput phylogenomic pipeline for processing genome skimming data]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p dir="auto"><span>Phylo</span>genomic Analysis Pipeline for&nbsp;<span>Herb</span>arium Specimens</p>
<p dir="auto"><span>What is PhyloHerb</span>: PhyloHerb is a wrapper program to process&nbsp;<span>genome skimming</span>&nbsp;data collected from plant materials. The outcomes include the plastid genome (plastome) assemblies, mitochondrial genome assemblies, nuclear ribosomal DNAs (NTS+ETS+18S+ITS1+5.8S+ITS2+28S), alignments of gene and intergenic regions, and a species tree. It is designed to be a high throughput program dealing with lower quality data. Examples include&nbsp;<span>low-coverage (5x cpDNA) plastome phylogeny, recycling plastid genes from target enrichment data, retrieving low-copy nuclear genes from medium coverage (5x nucDNA) genome skimming</span>.</p>
<p dir="auto"><span>License</span>: GNU General Public License</p>
<p dir="auto"><span>Citation</span>:</p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li>Cai, Liming, Hongrui Zhang, and Charles C. Davis. 2022. PhyloHerb: A high‐throughput phylogenomic pipeline for processing genome‐skimming data. Applications in Plant Sciences 10(3): 1&ndash;9.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/aps3.11475">https://doi.org/10.1002/aps3.11475</a></li>
</ul><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/lmcai/PhyloHerb/" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/lmcai/PhyloHerb/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhi</dc:creator>
</item>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44773/genetic-basis-of-tail-loss-evolution</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 04 Mar 2025 12:12:36 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44773/genetic-basis-of-tail-loss-evolution</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Genetic basis of tail-loss evolution]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>The paper <em>"On the genetic basis of tail-loss evolution in humans and apes (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07095-8)"</em>, published in <em>Nature</em>, investigates the genetic mechanisms that led to the loss of tails in humans and apes. The study suggests that a specific genetic mutation, involving the insertion of an <em>Alu</em> element (a type of transposable DNA sequence), played a critical role in the evolutionary transition from tailed primates to tailless hominoids.</p><h3><strong>Key Findings of the Study:</strong></h3><ol>
<li>
<p><strong>Alu Insertion and Tail Loss:</strong><br /> The researchers discovered an <em>Alu</em>-mediated genetic change in a common ancestor of modern apes and humans. This change disrupted the normal function of a gene involved in tail development, leading to the suppression of tail formation.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Gene Disruption Mechanism:</strong><br /> The <em>Alu</em> insertion was found within a regulatory region of the <em>TBXT</em> gene (also known as <em>T</em> or <em>Brachyury</em>), which is crucial for tail development in vertebrates. This insertion likely altered the gene's expression patterns, leading to tail reduction over evolutionary time.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Functional Evidence from Model Organisms:</strong><br /> To test their hypothesis, the researchers introduced similar genetic modifications in mice. The modified mice exhibited shortened or absent tails, supporting the idea that the identified mutation played a role in tail loss in hominoids.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Evolutionary Implications:</strong><br /> The findings suggest that small, random genomic changes&mdash;such as transposable element insertions&mdash;can have profound effects on body morphology. This study provides evidence that mobile DNA elements (like <em>Alu</em>) can drive major evolutionary transitions.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Relevance to Human Evolution:</strong><br /> Understanding the genetic basis of tail loss helps in reconstructing the evolutionary history of hominins (the lineage that includes humans and our extinct relatives). It also sheds light on how genetic variations contribute to anatomical diversity among primates.</p>
</li>
</ol><h3><strong>Significance of the Study:</strong></h3><p>This research highlights the role of transposable elements in shaping evolutionary traits and provides a concrete genetic explanation for a defining characteristic of humans and great apes. It also demonstrates how mutations in regulatory regions of developmental genes can lead to significant anatomical changes.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>LEGE</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/19600/studentship-at-nagaland-university</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2014 01:35:00 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Studentship at Nagaland University]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Nagaland University<br />(A Central University Estd. By the Act of Parliament No. 35 of 1989)<br />Lumami 798 627, Nagaland<br />DBT Sponsored ‘Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility’ Centre</p>

<p>Applications in plain paper are invited for the posts of (1) Traineeship (2 Nos.) and (2) Studentship – (2 Nos.) in the DBT funded-Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (BIF), Nagaland University, Lumami-798627, Nagaland. Details are given below. Interested candidates may submit the application along with self attested copies of certificates in support of the candidature to Prof. Chitta Ranjan Deb, Coordinator or Dr. L. N. Kakati, Deputy Coordinator, BIF Centre, Nagaland University, Lumami-798627, Nagaland on or before 15th January 2015.</p>

<p>The scanned application with relevant documents may be sent by email attachment to bifnulumami@gmail.com. Shortlisted candidates will be informed by email if called for interview. No TA/DA is admissible for attending the interview.</p>

<p>Traineeship (Two nos.)</p>

<p>    Post Graduate degree in any branch of Life Sciences from UGC recognized Universities</p>

<p>    Knowledge of computers and bioinformatics</p>

<p>    Rs.8000/- p.m. fixed.</p>

<p>    6 months</p>

<p>Studentship (Two nos.)</p>

<p>    Pursuing Post Graduate degree in any branch of Life Sciences from UGC recognized Universities</p>

<p>    Knowledge of computers and bioinformatics</p>

<p>    Rs.8000/- p.m. fixed.</p>

<p>    6 months</p>

<p>Terms and Conditions:</p>

<p>i) Applicants need to produce all original documents if call for interview.<br />ii) The posts are purely temporary and the appointment does not confer any entitlement or right over the job and will not be considered as formal service.<br />iii) No TA &amp; DA will be paid for appearing in the walk-in-interview.<br />iv) The stipend/salary amount is subject to the sanction of DBT, New Delhi.</p>

<p>Advertisement: http://www.nagauniv.org.in/files/BIF%20Advt.pdf</p>
]]></description>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/42958/claus-peter-stelzer-lab</guid>
  <pubDate>Mon, 15 Mar 2021 15:24:41 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Claus-Peter Stelzer Lab]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Interested in various topics at the intersection of ecology and evolution. In my research I use rotifers as model organisms for experimental studies at the individual and population level. Rotifers are ideally suited for this, because populations of thousands can be kept in small containers in the lab, while single individuals can still be handled conveniently. </p>

<p>More at https://www.uibk.ac.at/limno/personnel/stelzer/index.html.en#research</p>
]]></description>
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