BOL: Related items

Scientists map 17,294 proteins produced in human body

Jit — Thu, 29 May 2014 01:57:55 -0500

Indian scientists missed the genomic profiling bus, but they've more than made up for it by creating the first human proteome map which is an extension of the genomic study. Till now, here is no direct equivalent for the human proteome. But recently two groups present mass spectrometry-based analysis of human tissues, body fluids and cells mapping the large majority of the human proteome.

The Indian scientists working in Bangalore, along with their American counterparts, have mapped more than 17,000 proteins in 30 organs of the human body. Just like the human genome was sequenced around the turn of the millennium, this is an equivalent mapping of the human proteome.

The researcher estimated there are around 20,500 proteins in the human body. These scientists have profiled around 17,294, which account for around 84% of the total proteins. Apart from this, the team also traced around 2,500 of 3,000 proteins that had been categorised as "missing proteins".

The work, done by group of Indian scientists, and Johns Hopkins University, published in the renowned journal Nature ( http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v509/n7502/full/nature13302.html ). Of the 72 people who worked on the project, 46 are Indians.

Reference:

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v509/n7502/full/nature13302.html

http://www.proteinatlas.org/ -The antibody-based Human Protein Atlas programme

http://www.humanproteomemap.org/ -Proteogenomic analysis by identifying translated proteins from annotated pseudogenes, non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions.

https://www.proteomicsdb.org/ -Assembled protein evidence for 18,097 genes in ProteomicsDB

Tools to detect synteny blocks regions among multiple genomes

Jitendra Narayan — Mon, 16 Sep 2013 17:12:02 -0500

The synteny block (which etymologically means “on the same ribbon”) is a collection of contiguous genes located on the same chromosome. These block regions have mostly been preserved by genome rearrangements, and so synteny blocks from two related species (e.g., humans and mice) will be roughly similar but flipped around on the respective genomes. Ovcharenko et. al. define it as ‘any conserved sequence blocks, regardless of whether it encompasses multiple genes, an area containing single genes, or areas devoid of known genes to be considers as synteny block as long as there is conservation at the sequence level. Today, however, biologists usually refer to synteny as the conservation of blocks of order within two sets of chromosomes that are being compared with each other. This concept can also be referred to as shared synteny. The NHBLI/NCBI Glossary define synteny as “Two genes which occur on the same chromosome are syntenic; however, syntenic genes may or may not be "linked."

Now a day, geneticists have developed a language of their own. They are pouring lots of money and energy to read the entire genomic text and understand the gods own code ATGC. It is somewhat fascinating, not only for geneticist but also for non-biologist to know that there are several conserved blocks in genome which remain conserved over hundreds of millions of years. There have been several researches on conserved blocks and non-conserved regions to understand the mechanism and importance of all these regions (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2675965/). The finding indicates conservation and rearrangements of certain evolutionary important genes play an important role in evolution/adaptive changes (http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v491/n7424/abs/nature11622.html https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/8/8/2442/2198198/Novel-Insights-into-Chromosome-Evolution-in-Birds , http://science.sciencemag.org/content/346/6215/1311).

But the puzzle remains open, how to correctly define the synteny (presence of two or more genes on the same chromosome) and conserved synteny (presence of two or more genes on chromosome of each of the two species) on several genomes.

Figure: Image generated with Evolution Highway (EH) tool http://eh-demo.ncsa.illinois.edu/

Keeping the new approach to define conserved synteny in mind there have been various algorithms developed to identify the conserved homologous synteny blocks (HSB) amongst species. Some of them which were commonly used for synteny detections are:

SyntenyTracker ( http://www-app.igb.uiuc.edu/labs/lewin/donthu/Synteny_assign/html/),

SyntenyTracker was shown to be an efficient and accurate automated tool for defining HSBs using datasets that may contain minor errors resulting from limitations in map construction methodologies.

CoGe (http://genomevolution.org/CoGe/SynFind.pl )

Satsuma (http://evomics.org/learning/genomics/satsuma/)

Cinteny (http://cinteny.cchmc.org/) ,

Cinteny server can be used for finding regions syntenic across multiple genomes and measuring the extent of genome rearrangement using reversal distance as a measure.

OrthoCluster (http://krono.act.uji.es/noticias/orthocluster-a-new-tool-for-mining-syntenic-blocks)

A new tool for mining syntenic blocks in comparative genomics

SynMap (http://genomevolution.org/wiki/index.php/SynMap),

SyMAP (http://www.symapdb.org/)

SyMAP (Synteny Mapping and Analysis Program) v4.0 is an automated system for identifying and displaying genome synteny alignments. The genomes may be represented by sequenced chromosomes (pseudomolecules), by draft sequence contigs, or by FPC physical maps (with BAC-end or marker sequence).

http://genomevolution.org/CoGe/SynMap.pl

RegionMiner (http://www.genomatix.de/online_help/help_regionminer/orthologous.html)

SyntenyMiner is being developed as an application to visualize and interrogate comparisons among multiple complete genome sequences. http://syntenyminer.sourceforge.net/

AutoGRAPH ( http://autograph.genouest.org/),

AutoGRAPH is an integrated web server for multi-species comparative genomic analysis. It is designed for constructing and visualizing synteny maps between two or three species, determination and display of macrosynteny and microsynteny relationships among species, and for highlighting evolutionary breakpoints.

SynChro(http://www.lgm.upmc.fr/CHROnicle/SynChro.html)

SynChro is a tool designed to define conserved synteny blocks. It reconstructs synteny blocks between pairwise comparison of multiple genomes. The reconstructed synteny blocks may overlap each other, be included in one another or duplicated due to micro-rearrangements.

SyntenyView ( http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/dtucourse/cookbooks/nikob/exercises/gf1_output_5.html),

Ensembl 'SyntenyView' shows conservation of large-scale gene order between species pairs. A brief summary of the calculation method appears at the bottom of this help page. The left of a 'SyntenyView' page displays a diagram of chromosomes with blocks of conserved synteny. The right of a page shows homology matches between individual genes within syntenic blocks.

SynBrowse ( http://www.synbrowse.org/),

SynBrowse (Synteny Browser) is a generic sequence comparison tool for visualizing genome alignments both within and between species. It is intended to help scientists study and analyze synteny, homologous genes and other conserved elements between sequences. This software is useful in studying genome duplication and evolution. It can also aid in identifying uncharacterized genes, putative regulatory elements and novel structural features of study species by comparing to a well annotated reference sequence, thus enabling genome curators to refine and edit annotations of species that have incomplete genome annotations.

Sibelia (http://arxiv.org/abs/1307.7941).

A comparative genomic tool: It assists biologists in analysing the genomic variations that correlate with pathogens, or the genomic changes that help microorganisms adapt in different environments. Sibelia will also be helpful for the evolutionary and genome rearrangement studies for multiple strains of microorganisms.

GSV (http://cas-bioinfo.cas.unt.edu/gsv/homepage.php)

Genome Synteny Viewer allows users to upload files which contain synteny regions between two or more genomes and interactively visualize the synteny between them. GSV also allows users to upload annotation files to visualize annotated regions in addition to synteny regions.

MicroSyn (http://www.lgm.upmc.fr/CHROnicle/SynChro.html)

MicroSyn software as a means of detecting microsynteny in adjacent genomic regions surrounding genes in gene families. MicroSyn searches for conserved, flanking colinear homologous gene pairs between two genomic fragments to determine the relationship between two members in a gene family.

SynOrth (http://synorth.genereg.net/)

Synorth [s n ôrth], named in combination of "synteny" and "ortholog", is designed for the study of evolutionary changes of genomic regulatory blocks (GRBs) in vertebrate genomes, and especially the changes following the whole-genome duplication in teleost fish, by tracing the ortholog genes gain and loss in ancient synteny blocks.

SyDiG (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21441096)

Uncovering Synteny in Distant Genomes.

MapSynteny (http://www.automatizacionysistemas.com/download.html)

MapSynteny is a macro in MS Excel® able to create images to show the relationship between genetic maps and large sequences (scaffolds, chromosomes, BACs, etc.). Based on tab – delimited BLAST results and some formulas, a suitable image of syntenic relationships or physical mapping can be obtained. http://www.automatizacionysistemas.com/Poster_MapSynteny.pdf

One of the best synteny tutorial for beginer @ http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/synteny-inferring-ancestral-genomes-44022

Reference:

http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/synteny-inferring-ancestral-genomes-44022

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v491/n7424/full/nature11622.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synteny

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2675965/

Bioinformatician duties and jobs !!!

Jitendra Narayan — Wed, 05 Mar 2014 14:32:26 -0600

Needle in a haystack ... ohh yes this is what bioinformatician do. We handle and analyse, Terabytes and Petabytes of genomic data on daily basis.

Genomics and Personalized Medicine

Sun, 01 Jun 2014 23:38:42 -0500

(October 20, 2009) Michael Snyder, Professor of Genetics and Chair of the Department of Genetics at Stanford, discusses advances in gene sequencing, the impact of genomics on medicine, the potential for personalized medicine. and efforts at Stanford to further study these issues. Stanford Mini Med School is a series arranged and directed by Stanford's School of Medicine, and presented by the Stanford Continuing Studies program. Featuring more than thirty distinguished, faculty, scientists and physicians from Stanford's medical school, the series offers students a dynamic introduction to the world of human biology, health and disease, and the groundbreaking changes taking place in medical research and health care. Stanford University http://www.stanford.edu Stanford University School of Medicine http://med.stanford.edu Stanford Continuing Studies http://continuingstudies.stanford.edu Stanford University Channel on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/stanford

Adhoc Bioinformatics Faculty Position @ NIT

Tue, 03 Jun 2014 16:19:52 -0500

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL – 506 021, Andhra Pradesh

No.NITW/BT/2014/adhoc

APPLICATIONS ARE INVITED FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF ADHOC FACULTY ON CONTRACT BASIS IN THE DEAPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Period of Contract: Initially the appointment is for one semester i.e., from July 2014 up to December 2014 only.

Essential Qualifications:

i) B. Tech or equivalent in Biotechnology/ Industrial Biotechnology/ Biochemical Engineering / Chemical Engg. Or M. Sc in Microbiology/ Botany/ Zoology/ Biochemistry/Biotechnology and ii) M. Tech or equivalent in Biotechnology/Industrial Biotechnology/Bioinformatics

Integrated M. Tech in Biotechnology/Industrial Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics

Candidates must possess First class (60% aggregate marks or 6.5 CGPA) at B. Tech/ M. Sc and M. Tech.

Desirable: Ph. D Pay Package: All selected candidates shall be eligible for a consolidated pay of Rs.30, 000/- per month. Candidates with Ph. D shall be eligible for an additional amount of Rs.5, 000/- per month.

How to apply : Applications on plain paper with attested photocopies of certificate and bio data along with justification for eligibility should reach to the Head, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal AP 506004 in the form of soft or hard copy on or before 21st June 2014 email : biotech_hod@nitw.ac.in

Intimation: No separate call letters will be sent to the candidates. All the eligible candidates will be notified in the institute web site on 23rd June 2014. All the eligible candidates are requested to report for the interview to the Head, Department of Biotechnology at 9:00 AM on 27th June 2014

Joining: Selected candidates will be informed and they are expected to join immediately.

http://www.nitw.ac.in/nitw/announcements/2014/Bio-Adhoc%20Advt.%20May-2014.pdf

List of genome announcement, notes and reporting journals

Jit — Wed, 26 Jul 2017 08:01:38 -0500

Faced with an increasing number of articles describing DNA data and a need for more appropriate venues to present these data, some publishers and journals have responded by changing the structure and format of genome papers. Specifically, certain journals have started accepting very short manuscripts (500–1500 words) that present a new chromosome sequence, its GenBank accession number and little else. These pint-sized articles go by various names, such as genome reports, genome announcements, genome notes or genome letters, but will be referred to here broadly as genome reports. Their short length and minimal number (or complete absence) of figures, tables and article subheadings are a significant departure from long-form genome papers, which typically span 8–10 journal pages, contain many supporting items and have formal introduction, methods, results and discussion sections.

Following are the list of journals publishing pint-sized articles go by various names, such as genome reports, genome announcements, genome notes or genome letters, but will be referred to here broadly as genome reports.

1. Genome Announcements, American Society for Microbiology, Genome announcement, Impact factor 1.3, A 500-word report stating that the genome of a particular organism (prokaryote, eukaryote or virus) has been sequenced and providing a citable record of the corresponding GenBank submission. Must include abstract but no text headings can be used except for ‘Acknowledgments’ and ‘References’. Cannot include figures, tables or supplemental material to present data or analysis.

Link: https://mra.asm.org/

2. Genome Biology and Evolution, Oxford University Press, Genome report, Impact factor 4.2, Focused 1500-word papers (up to six tables or figures) that publish the main evolutionary message of new genome sequences as they become submitted to GenBank. May also contain specifically focused comparative analyses of previously published genomes that contain a substantial and novel insight of broadest evolutionary significance.

Link: https://academic.oup.com/gbe

3. Journal of Biotechnology, Elsevier, Genome announcement, Impact factor 2.9, A 500-word report announcing the availability of the completely annotated genome sequence of a biotechnologically relevant organism in the corresponding database (for eukaryotes, advanced draft genomes will also be considered). Articles can contain an Abstract, a brief report on the organism and its biotechnological relevance, a table summarizing the genome features, References and an Acknowledgement. Figures are generally not allowed.

Link: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-biotechnology

4. Journal of Genomics, Ivyspring, Genome note, Impact factor N/A, A 1000-word report (10 reference limit; conclusions not permitted) describing novel data sets from high-throughput analysis of genotypes, phenotypes, gene expression, metabolomes, proteomes or genome assemblies.Standard metrics for data quality and the experimental design must be clearly reported.

Link: http://www.jgenomics.com/

5. Memórias do Instituto, Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Genome announcement and highlight, Impact factor 1.6, Dedicated to publishing new genome information from eukaryote parasites, virus, bacteria and their respective vectors, as well as re-sequencing or comparative genome analyses. Should occupy no more than three printed pages including figures and/or tables.

Link: http://memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br/

6. Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley, Genomic resources note, Impact factor 3.7, Short notes on newly assembled and annotated transcriptomes, genome fractions or whole genomes, and/or a library of SNP/SSR markers.Authors submit a short manuscript describing how the resource was developed and where the data can be accessed. Do not appear in journal as individual papers but are instead published as part of a summary article.

Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17550998

7. Standards in Genomic Science, BioMed Central (Springer), Short genome report, Impact factor 3.2, Short (∼500-word) article on newly sequenced genome. Article format must follow guidelines and template (available from journal Web site) put forward by the SGS. Any manuscripts not using template or that are missing key figures, tables and/or references (as per the guidelines) will be returned to authors. Rationale of the content model is to provide information that is consistently and uniformly presented for rapid and easy consumption by both human and machine readers.

Link: https://standardsingenomics.biomedcentral.com/

8. 3biotech, Springer, Short genome report, Impact factor 1.3, Short (∼500-word) article on newly sequenced genome. Article format must follow guidelines (available from journal Web site). Genome of a particular organism (prokaryote, eukaryote or virus) has been sequenced and providing a citable record of the corresponding GenBank submission.

Link: https://link.springer.com/journal/13205

Search Shell Command History

Rahul Nayak — Thu, 12 Jun 2014 17:43:34 -0500

We use couple of hundreads of command in daily basis. Most of them are actually repeated several time. The question remain open how do I search old command history under bash shell and modify or reuse it?

Now a days almost all modern shell allows you to search command history if enabled by user. Use history command to display the history list with line numbers. Lines listed with with a * have been modified by user.

Shell history search command

Type history at a shell prompt:
$ history

It will display the list of all used commandline history with an serial number.

To search particular command, enter:
$ history | grep command-name
$ history | egrep -i 'scp|ssh|ftp'
Emacs Line-Edit Mode Command History Searching

To get previous command containing string, hit [CTRL]+[r] followed by search string:

(reverse-i-search):

To get previous command, hit [CTRL]+[p]. You can also use up arrow key.

CTRL-p

To get next command, hit [CTRL]+[n]. You can also use down arrow key.

CTRL-n

fc command

Apart from hostory command there are fc command to extract the command from history. The fc stands for either "find command" or "fix command.

For example list last 10 command, enter:
$ fc -l 10
To list commands 130 through 150, enter:
$ fc -l 130 150
To list all commands since the last command beginning with ssh, enter:
$ fc -l ssh
You can edit commands 1 through 5 using vi text editor, enter:
$ fc -e vi 1 5

Delete command history

The -c option causes the history list to be cleared by deleting all of the entries:
$ history -c

Bioinformatician’s Pocket Reference !!

RAJESH DETROJA — Sun, 08 Jun 2014 09:56:58 -0500

It is amusing how brain of bioinformaticians work! Learning a new programming language for days feels so much of fun that making 5 minute discussion with neighbours (unless under special circumstances!) in our own mother-tongue. Today every bioinformatician keeps more than few languages and core IT toolkits on their plate. It has become mandatory to be able to mould different code snippets to build our own custom workflows, and thus keeping syntax at our fingertips has become essential.Although Google is best way to get syntax problem solved, it is not a bad idea to keep reference sheets is our smartphones or stick out some printed sheets on the back of your door, in the old fashion way!!

Address of the bookmark: http://infoplatter.wordpress.com/2014/04/06/bioinformaticians-pocket-reference/

GMOL: An Interactive Tool for 3D Genome Structure Visualization

Jit — Wed, 21 Mar 2018 12:25:20 -0500

GMOL was developed based upon our multi-scale approach that allows a user to scale between six separate levels within the genome. With GMOL, a user can choose any unit at any scale and scale it up or down to visualize its structure and retrieve corresponding genome sequences.

Address of the bookmark: https://www.nature.com/articles/srep20802

Assistant Professor in Medical Bioinformatics

Tue, 24 Jun 2014 01:46:36 -0500

Advt. No : ME-I/A-IV/03/14
No.of Posts:01 (SC)
Pay Scale:
Pay Band of Rs.15600-39100 + Rs.6000/- GP +NPA @ 25% of Basic Pay +Learning Resource Allowance @ Rs.20,000/-P.A.+ Conveyance Allowance @ Rs. 1650/-P.M.+ Academic Allowance @ Rs.2500/- P.M. and other admissible allowances.
Qualifications:
Area of Specialization:-
Bioinformatics/Computational/Biology/Genomics/ Proteomics/ Structural Biology
1. Postgraduate qualification, e.g. Master’s Degree in Biotechnology/Bioinformatics/ Biophysics.
2. A Doctorate Degree of recognized University/Institute in a basic or allied Medical Science subject e.g. Medical Biotechnology/Biophysics. Bioinformatics/X-ray Crystallography/
Immunology/Structural Biology etc
Experience:
1.Minimum three years teaching and/or research experience in a recognized medical/research Institution in an allied medical subject after obtaining doctorate degree and preferably in Medical
Molecular Biology/ Biophysics/Structural Biology/Genomics and Clinical Proteomics/Computational Biology.
2. Minimum two publication with atleast one in international journal and atleast one as first author
Desirable:-
Consistently excellent scholastic/academic record, demonstrated ability to write grant proposal/(s) successfully, Post Doctoral training in a frontier area of medical Bioinformatics Research and of direct relevance to clinical diagnosis or patient care (preferably from a recognized top-ranking medical institution abroad)
Send your applications to O/O, Deputy Registrar, Recruitment & Establishment Cell, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak by 08.7.2014
For more details,please visit website: http://pgimsrohtak.nic.in/2014%20AP%20Advt.pdf
Last Apply Date: 08 Jul 2014