Minimum qualifications: M.Sc. with minimum 55% for general and OBD Category (55% for SC/St/PH) in the above-mentioned subject areas (viz. Biotechnology, Life Sciences, Microbiology, Botany, Plant Sciences, Chemistry, Zoology, Animal Sciences, Fishery Sciences and any other relevant branches).

Preference will be given to those holding valid CSIR-UGC NET JRF. DBT-JRF, ICAR-JRF, ICMR-JRF and DST-INSPIRE Fellowship while NET/SLET/SET qualified and GATE qualified candidates (90 or above percentile) are also encouraged to apply. Reservations of seats: 15% for SC, 7.5% for ST, 27% for OBC (noncreamy layer) and 3% for Physically Handicapped as per statutory norms.

Selection Procedure: If the number of JRF and INSPIRE qualified candidates is more, selection will be based on interview of the JRF and INSPIRE qualified candidates only. The selected candidates may be registered for Ph.D. in any of the recognized Universities in India.

Application Procedure: Application should be sent in the prescribed application form (available on the IBSD website). The candidate should send the completed and signed form along with self attested copies of all supporting certificates and marksheets along with an application fee of Rs.300/- (For GEN/OBC/PH) & Rs.150/- for (SC/ST), for which a Demand Draft in favour of ‘Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, payable at Imphal, Manipur, should be attached with the application form. Candidates are advised to provide their email ID and mobile number as they would be contacted electronically by the Institute. Duly filled applications (with ‘Application for IBSD PhD Programme’ super scribed on the envelope) should be sent to ‘The Director, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Takyelpat, Imphal-795001, Manipur so as to reach on or before 6th of July, 2015. Applications send by email with scan copy of required enclosures will also be accepted and can be sent to director.ibsd@nic.in. However, in such instances, the application will be processed only after the receipt of the mailed hard copies.

Advertisement: http://ibsd.gov.in/jobs/phd_2015/IBSD_JRF_2015.pdf

Application Form : http://ibsd.gov.in/jobs/phd_2015/APPLICATION_FORM.pdf

We have sequenced the CHM13hTERT human cell line with a number of technologies. Human genomic DNA was extracted from the cultured cell line. As the DNA is native, modified bases will be preserved. The data includes 30x PacBio HiFi, 120x coverage of Oxford Nanopore, 70x PacBio CLR, 50x 10X Genomics, as well as BioNano DLS and Arima Genomics HiC. Most raw data is available from this site, with the exception of the PacBio data which was generated by the University of Washington/PacBio and is available from NCBI SRA.

A UCSC browser is available for v2.0 (as well as legacy v1.0 and v1.1 versions). An interactive dotplot visualization of all genomic repeats is also available from resgen.io. Known issues identified in the assembly are tracked at CHM13 issues.

MORE at https://github.com/marbl/CHM13

Address of the bookmark: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj6987

Bioinformatics Textbook Track

Find more about Rosalind puzzle at http://rosalind.info/problems/list-view/?location=bioinformatics-textbook-track

I will provide solution of all the Rosalind problem with Perl for community.

Check out the right sidebar for more links ...

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/legumeinfo/gcv

The duly completed application on prescribed format along with copies of supporting documents must reach to: Office of the Dean (Research & Consultancy), Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad-211004 on or before 03/07/2015.

The position is purely temporary and will be governed by the funding agency rules & service conditions of Office of the Dean (Research & Consultancy), MNNIT Allahabad.

For detail advertisement see: www.mnnit.ac.in/images/newstories/Advertisement_for_the_post_of_Research_Assistant_in_UPCST_Project_of_Biotechnology_Department.pdf

Features

• Circular and linear views of genomes

• Capable of drawing genomes up to 10 Mbp with 1000's of features and 100's contigs

• Smooth zooming down to the sequence level

• Easily generate features and plots directly form the sequence (e.g. ORFs, GC-content and GC-Skew)

• Save high resolution PNG maps up to 8000x8000px

• Fully documented API for interacting with CGView.js maps

Address of the bookmark: https://js.cgview.ca/

What is Genome Assembly?

Genome assembly involves piecing together short DNA sequence reads generated by sequencing platforms (e.g., Illumina, PacBio, Oxford Nanopore) into longer, contiguous sequences called contigs. This can be performed as:

• De Novo Assembly: Without a reference genome.
• Reference-Guided Assembly: Using a reference genome to guide the assembly process.

Step 1: Preparing Your Data

Before starting the assembly, ensure that your raw sequencing data is high quality.

1. Input Data

   • Short Reads: Illumina sequencing generates short, accurate reads ideal for scaffolding.
   • Long Reads: PacBio and Nanopore sequencing provide long reads for resolving repetitive regions.

2. Quality Control (QC)
   Use tools like FastQC or MultiQC to assess the quality of your reads:

   fastqc reads.fastq multiqc .

   Look for issues like low-quality bases, adapter contamination, or overrepresented sequences.

3. Read Trimming and Filtering
   Trim low-quality bases and adapters using Trimmomatic or Cutadapt:

   trimmomatic PE reads_R1.fastq reads_R2.fastq trimmed_R1.fastq trimmed_R2.fastq \ ILLUMINACLIP:adapters.fa:2:30:10 LEADING:3 TRAILING:3 SLIDINGWINDOW:4:20 MINLEN:36

Step 2: Choosing an Assembly Strategy

Select an assembly strategy based on your data type:

• Short-Read Assemblers:

  • SPAdes: Popular for microbial genomes.
  • Velvet: Fast for smaller genomes.

• Long-Read Assemblers:

  • Canu: Ideal for long-read datasets.
  • Flye: Versatile for small and large genomes.

• Hybrid Assemblers:

  • MaSuRCA: Combines short and long reads.
  • Unicycler: Optimized for bacterial genomes.

Step 3: Running the Assembly

3.1. SPAdes (Short-Read Assembly)

SPAdes is an excellent choice for small genomes, such as bacteria.

The output includes assembled contigs (contigs.fasta) and scaffolds (scaffolds.fasta).

3.2. Canu (Long-Read Assembly)

Canu is designed for high-error long reads from PacBio or Nanopore.

The output will be in canu_output/genome.contigs.fasta.

3.3. Hybrid Assembly with Unicycler

Unicycler combines short and long reads for improved assemblies.

Step 4: Assessing Assembly Quality

After assembly, evaluate its quality using the following tools:

1. QUAST
   QUAST generates assembly statistics, such as N50, genome size, and GC content:

   quast contigs.fasta -o quast_output

2. BUSCO
   BUSCO checks genome completeness by identifying conserved genes:

   busco -i contigs.fasta -o busco_output -l fungi_odb10 -m genome

3. Assembly Graph Visualization
   Visualize assembly graphs with Bandage:

   Bandage load assembly_graph.gfa

Step 5: Post-Assembly Steps

1. Polishing
   Improve assembly accuracy using tools like Pilon (for short reads) or Racon (for long reads).

   racon long_reads.fasta mapped_reads.sam contigs.fasta > polished_contigs.fasta

2. Scaffolding
   Link contigs into scaffolds using tools like SSPACE or Opera-LG if required.

3. Annotation
   Annotate the assembled genome using Prokka for prokaryotes or Maker for eukaryotes.

   prokka --outdir annotation_output --prefix genome contigs.fasta

Step 6: Sharing and Archiving

1. Submit to Public Repositories
   Share your assembly in databases like NCBI GenBank, ENA, or DDBJ.

2. Metadata Preparation
   Include detailed metadata for your submission, such as organism name, sequencing platform, and coverage.

Best Practices

• Always perform quality checks at each stage to ensure data integrity.
• Use multiple tools to cross-validate results when working with complex genomes.
• Document parameters and software versions for reproducibility.

Conclusion

Genome assembly is a powerful process that transforms raw sequencing data into a coherent representation of an organism’s genome. By following this step-by-step guide, you can successfully assemble genomes and uncover valuable biological insights. Whether you’re assembling a microbial genome or tackling the complexities of a eukaryotic genome, these tools and strategies will set you on the path to success.

Eligibility : M Phil / Phd, MSc

Location : Delhi

Last Date : 27 Jun 2015

Hiring Process : Walk - In
Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI) - Job DetailsDate of posting:03 Jun 15

Research Associate Statisticsjob position in Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI)
on purely contractual temporary basis

Project : “ICAR-Network Project of Transgenic in Crops”

Qualification : Ph.D. in Bioinformatics/ Agricultural Statistics/ Statistics/ Computer Science/ Computer Application/ Life Science/ Biotechnology/ Agricultural Science or equivalent OR Post-Graduation in Bioinformatics/ Agricultural Statistics/ Statistics/ Computer Science/ Computer Application/ Life Science/ Biotechnology/ Agricultural Science or equivalent with 1st Division or 60% marks or equivalent with at least two years of research experience.

No.of Post: 01

Emoluments for RA: Consolidated Rs. 24000/- per month + 30% HRA for Ph.D holders and consolidated Rs. 23000/- per month + 30% HRA for Master Degree.

Age Limit : 40 years
How to apply

Walk-in-interview will be held on 27th June 2015, 10.30 A.M at IASRI, Pusa, New Delhi

More at http://iasri.res.in/employment/employment.htm

Key Findings:

1. Chromosomal Fusion and Its Molecular Signature:

   • The fusion site is located at 2q13–2q14.1 and is characterized by degenerate telomeric sequences appearing interstitially, indicating the historical head-to-head joining of ancestral chromosomes.
   • Despite being a signature of a past fusion event, these telomeric repeats are no longer functional and have undergone sequence degradation over time.

2. Extensive Duplications in the Surrounding Genomic Region:

   • The study identifies large-scale segmental duplications flanking the fusion site, with several of these regions duplicated and scattered across multiple chromosomes.
   • These duplications are predominantly located in subtelomeric and pericentromeric regions, suggesting their role in genomic instability and chromosomal evolution.

3. Paralogous Regions and Their Evolutionary Relationships:

   • A 168-kilobase (kb) segment near the fusion site has 98%–99% sequence identity with three regions on chromosome 9 (9pter, 9p11.2, and 9q13).
   • Another 67-kb region distal to the fusion site shows a high degree of homology to sequences in chromosome 22qter.
   • Additionally, a 100-kb segment exhibits 96% sequence identity with a region in chromosome 2q11.2.

4. Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Implications:

   • By comparing the duplicated sequences and their arrangement in primates, the researchers traced the order of duplication events leading to their present distribution.
   • The presence of specific repetitive elements within these duplicated segments serves as evolutionary markers that help infer their historical rearrangements.
   • Some of these duplicated regions are associated with chromosomal inversion breakpoints, potentially contributing to evolutionary changes in primates.
   • Recurrent structural rearrangements in these regions have been linked to human chromosomal disorders.

Conclusions and Implications:

• The findings provide valuable insights into the structural evolution of human chromosome 2, which played a crucial role in human speciation.
• Understanding these segmental duplications and their evolutionary trajectories sheds light on genomic instability, which may contribute to human genetic diseases.
• The study highlights how large-scale chromosomal rearrangements, such as fusion and duplication, have influenced the evolutionary divergence of humans from other primates.

This research advances our understanding of human genome evolution and offers a foundation for studying the effects of structural variants in genetic disorders.