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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/30111?offset=360</link>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/33306/ancestral-sequence-reconstruction-asr-or-ancestral-genesequence-reconstructionresurrection-tools-to-study-molecular-evolution</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 30 May 2017 04:20:05 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/33306/ancestral-sequence-reconstruction-asr-or-ancestral-genesequence-reconstructionresurrection-tools-to-study-molecular-evolution</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) or ancestral gene/sequence reconstruction/resurrection tools to study molecular evolution]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span><strong>Ancestral sequence reconstruction</strong><span>&nbsp;(</span><strong>ASR</strong><span>) &ndash; also known as&nbsp;</span><strong>ancestral gene</strong><span>/</span><strong>sequence reconstruction</strong><span>/</span><strong>resurrection</strong><span>&nbsp;&ndash; is a technique used in the study of&nbsp;</span>molecular evolution<span>. The method consists of the synthesis of an ancestral&nbsp;</span>gene<span>&nbsp;and expression of the corresponding ancestral&nbsp;</span>protein<span>.&nbsp;</span><sup id="cite_ref-thornton_1-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral_sequence_reconstruction#cite_note-thornton-1"></a></sup><span>The idea of protein 'resurrection' was suggested in 1963 by Pauling and Zuckerkandl.</span><sup id="cite_ref-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral_sequence_reconstruction#cite_note-2"></a></sup><span>&nbsp;Some early efforts were made in the eighties-nineties, led by the laboratory of&nbsp;</span>Steven A. Benner<span>, showing the potential of this technique &ndash; one that only started to be fulfilled in the post-genomic era.</span><sup id="cite_ref-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral_sequence_reconstruction#cite_note-3"></a></sup><span>&nbsp;Thanks to the improvement of algorithms and of better sequencing and synthesis techniques, the method was developed further in the early 2000s to allow the resurrection of a greater variety of and much more ancient genes.</span><sup id="cite_ref-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral_sequence_reconstruction#cite_note-4"></a></sup><span>&nbsp;Over the last decade, ancestral protein resurrection has developed as a strategy to reveal the mechanisms and dynamics of protein evolution.&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/ASR_phylogeny.png/510px-ASR_phylogeny.png" alt="image" width="610" height="435" style="border: 0px; border: 0px;"></p><p><span>Following are the list of&nbsp;</span><strong style="font-size: 12.8px;">Ancestral /sequence/ reconstruction</strong><span>&nbsp;(</span><strong style="font-size: 12.8px;">ASR</strong><span>) tools:&nbsp;</span></p><p><a href="http://www.bx.psu.edu/miller_lab/car/" target="_blank" title="To inferCars official website"><span>inferCars</span></a></p><p><span><span><span><span><span>Reconstructs contiguous regions of an ancestral genome. Given information about adjacencies between conserved segments in each modern species, our goal is to infer segment order in the ancestral genome. To get a clean and precise statement of the problem, we formalize it using graph theory. We develop an algorithm that identifies a most parsimonious scenario for the history of each individual adjacency, although the whole-genome prediction is not guaranteed to optimize traditional measures like the number of breakpoints. We introduce weights to the graph edges to model the reliability of each adjacency.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><a href="http://paleogenomics.irmacs.sfu.ca/ANGES/" target="_blank" title="To ANGES official website">ANGES</a>:</span><a href="http://paleogenomics.irmacs.sfu.ca/ANGES/" target="_blank" title="To ANGES official website">reconstructing ANcestral GEnomeS maps</a></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>A suite of Python programs that allows reconstructing ancestral genome maps from the comparison of the organization of extant-related genomes. ANGES can reconstruct ancestral genome maps for multichromosomal linear genomes and unichromosomal circular genomes. It implements methods inspired from techniques developed to compute physical maps of extant genomes.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><a href="http://virulence.molgen.mpg.de/cocos/" target="_blank" title="To Cocos official website"><span>Cocos</span></a></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Constructs phylogenies of multi-domain proteins. With a given species tree and domain phylogenies, the procedure infers the composition of ancestral multi-domain proteins. Cocos implements and extend a suggested algorithmic approach by Behzadi and Vingron in an easy-to-use program. Such method could be applied to reconstruction of partial homologous units such as bacterial operons or protein complexes.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><a href="https://github.com/msrosenberg/MySSP" target="_blank" title="To MySSP official website"><span>MySSP</span></a></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Constructs an initial DNA sequence at the root of the tree and simulates evolution across the tree using a variety of common models of DNA evolution. MySSP is a program for the simulation of DNA sequence evolution across a phylogenetic tree. It is designed for large-scale studies, including simulation of multiple replicates and outputs sequences into NEXUS, MEGA, or FASTA formats. MySSP has a fairly simple graphical user interface (GUI) for basic use, but also has a specialized batch script interpreter to allow for more complicated or large-scale simulations.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ckingsf/software/parana/" target="_blank" title="To PARANA official website">PARANA</a>:&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ckingsf/software/parana/" target="_blank" title="To PARANA official website">Parsimonious Ancestral Reconstruction And Network Analysis</a></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Performs parsimony based inference of ancestral biological networks. Given multiple extant networks and phylogenetic information relating extant nodes, PARANA finds a parsimonious set of ancestral interaction events (edge gains and losses) which explain the extant networks. The framework adopted by PARANA is able to represent network evolution under models that support gene duplication and loss and independent interaction gain and loss. The method works on both directed and undirected networks and can incorporate asymmetric interaction gain and loss costs. In contrast to previous approaches, PARANA does not require knowing the relative ordering of unrelated duplication events and thus, works on phylogenetic trees even where branch lengths are not provided.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><a href="http://www-labs.iro.umontreal.ca/~mabrouk/" target="_blank" title="To GapAdj official website">GapAdj</a>:&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www-labs.iro.umontreal.ca/~mabrouk/" target="_blank" title="To GapAdj official website">Gapped Adjacencies</a></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A synteny-based method that is flexible enough to handle a model of evolution involving whole genome duplication events, in addition to rearrangements, gene insertions, and losses. Ancestral relationships between markers are defined in term of Gapped Adjacencies, i.e. pairs of markers separated by up to a given number of markers. It improves on a previous restricted to direct adjacencies, which revealed a high accuracy for adjacency prediction, but with the drawback of being overly conservative, i.e. of generating a large number of contiguous ancestral regions (CARs).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><a href="http://ancestors.bioinfo.uqam.ca/"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>ANCESTOR</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></a></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A web server allowing one to easily and quickly perform the last three steps of the ancestral genome reconstruction procedure. Ancestors implements several alignment algorithms, an indel maximum likelihood solver and a context-dependent maximum likelihood substitution inference algorithm. The results presented by the server include the posterior probabilities for the last two steps of the ancestral genome reconstruction and the expected error rate of each ancestral base prediction.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><a href="http://bioinfo.lifl.fr/procars/" target="_blank" title="To ProCARs official website"><span>ProCARs</span></a></p><p>Reconstructs ancestral gene orders as contiguous ancestral regions (CARs) with a progressive homology-based method. ProCARs runs from a phylogeny tree (without branch lengths needed) with a marked ancestor and a block file. This homology-based method is based on iteratively detecting and assembling ancestral adjacencies, while allowing some micro-rearrangements of synteny blocks at the extremities of the progressively assembled CARs. The method starts with a set of blocks as the initial set of CARs, and detects iteratively the potential ancestral adjacencies between extremities of CARs, while building up the CARs progressively by adding, at each step, new non-conflicting adjacencies that induce the less homoplasy phenomenon. The species tree is used, in some additional internal steps, to compute a score for the remaining conflicting adjacencies, and to detect other reliable adjacencies, in order to reach completely assembled ancestral genomes.</p><p><a href="http://fastml.tau.ac.il/" target="_blank" title="To FastML official website"><span>FastML</span></a></p><p>A user-friendly tool for the reconstruction of ancestral sequences. FastML implements various novel features that differentiate it from existing tools: (i) FastML uses an indel-coding method, in which each gap, possibly spanning multiples sites, is coded as binary data. FastML then reconstructs ancestral indel states assuming a continuous time Markov process. FastML provides the most likely ancestral sequences, integrating both indels and characters; (ii) FastML accounts for uncertainty in ancestral states: it provides not only the posterior probabilities for each character and indel at each sequence position, but also a sample of ancestral sequences from this posterior distribution, and a list of the k-most likely ancestral sequences; (iii) FastML implements a large array of evolutionary models, which makes it generic and applicable for nucleotide, protein and codon sequences; and (iv) a graphical representation of the results is provided, including, for example, a graphical logo of the inferred ancestral sequences.</p><p><a href="http://rth.dk/resources/maxAlike/" target="_blank" title="To maxAlike official website"><span>maxAlike</span></a></p><p>Reconstructs a genomic sequence for a specific taxon based on sequence homologs in other species. The input is a multiple sequence alignment and a phylogenetic tree that also contains the target species. For this target species, the algorithm computes nucleotide probabilities at each sequence position. Consensus sequences are then reconstructed based on a certain confidence level.</p><p><span><span><a href="http://www.geneorder.org/server.php" target="_blank" title="To MLGO official website">MLGO</a>:&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.geneorder.org/server.php" target="_blank" title="To MLGO official website">Maximum Likelihood for Gene Order Analysis</a></span></p><p>A web tool for the reconstruction of phylogeny and/or ancestral genomes from gene-order data. MLGO was designed for analysis of large-scale genomic changes including not only rearrangements but also gene insertions, deletions and duplications. MLGO can be used to infer a phylogeny from genome rearrangement and gene order data, and can also obtain an estimation of ancestral genomes, given an input tree. MLGO takes the advantage of binary encoding on gene-order data, supports a fairly general model of genomic evolution (rearrangements plus duplications, insertions, and losses of genomic regions), and successfully accommodates itself into the framework of maximized likelihood.</p><p>Image Reference : Wiki</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/25406/assistant-professor-bioinformatics-at-alagappa-university</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 03 Dec 2015 23:30:43 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Bioinformatics at ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY<br /> Recruitment and Sarkari Naukri for the Post of ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Bioinformatics<br />Job Description UGC scale of pay is applicable. For eligibility qualifications and other norms, please refer to the ?Instructions to the Candidates? available with the application forms which can be had on payment of Rs.520/- inclusive of Rs.20/- for postage. For SC/ST, Rs.320/- inclusive of Rs.20/- for postage on enclosure of a copy of the community certificate. Payment is to be made by means of Demand Draft drawn on any nationalized bank in favour of ?The Registrar, Alagappa University? payable at Karaikudi. Candidates can also download the application form and instructions to the candidates from httpwww.alagappauniversity.ac Filled-in application should reach on or before 19.10.2015<br />Salary for Job : Rs.15600-39100+AGP Rs.6000<br />Education : Good academic record with at least 55 marks (or an equivalent grade in a point scale wherever grading system is followed) at the Masters Degree level in a relevant subject from an Indian University, or an equivalent degree from an accredited foreign university. Besides fulfilling the above qualifications, the candidate must have cleared the National Eligibility Test (NET) conducted by the UGC, CSIR or similar test accredited by the UGC like SLET/SET.Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-clauses (i) and (ii) above, the candidates, who are, or have been awarded a Ph.D. degree in accordance with the University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations 2009, shall be exempted from the requirement of the minimum eligibility condition of NET/SLET/SET for recruitment and appointment of Assistant Professor or equivalent positions in Universities/Colleges/Institutions.<br />Number of Vacancies : 02<br />Naukri Location : Other City(s) in Tamil Nadu<br />Address : KARAIKUDI ? 630 003<br />Last Date to Apply : 2015-12-04<br />Apply Process : written test/interview</p>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36921/breakpointer-using-local-mapping-artifacts-to-support-sequence-breakpoint-discovery-from-single-end-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jun 2018 12:41:10 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36921/breakpointer-using-local-mapping-artifacts-to-support-sequence-breakpoint-discovery-from-single-end-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Breakpointer: using local mapping artifacts to support sequence breakpoint discovery from single-end reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Breakpointer is a fast tool for locating sequence breakpoints from the alignment of single end reads (SE) produced by next generation sequencing (NGS). It adopts a heuristic method in searching for local mapping signatures created by insertion/deletions (indels) or more complex structural variants(SVs).<p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/ruping/Breakpointer" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/ruping/Breakpointer</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/26435/bioinformatics-centre-bose-institute-vacancy-of-research-associate-senior-research-fellow</guid>
  <pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2016 03:27:17 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute vacancy of Research Associate / Senior Research Fellow]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute vacancy of Research Associate / Senior Research Fellow</p>

<p>Location where with post of Research Associate / Senior Research Fellow is available:<br />Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute in Kolkata, West Bengal</p>

<p>Title of the Project: "Setting up of National Facility on Interactive Graphics Computer System".</p>

<p>No. of the Post: 01 One</p>

<p>Salary: Rs. 22000/- per month plus admissible HRA and Medical Benefits for RA and Rs. 20000/- per month plus admissible HRA and Medical Benefits for SRF (Extended).</p>

<p>Age Limit: Max. 35 years for RA and Max. 33 years for SRF (Extended)</p>

<p>Required Job Profile:</p>

<p>Candidate must possess PhD degree in biological or chemical sciences with in depth understanding of protein structure and function; experience on protein crystallization and various modeling software will be advantages and candidate who have submitted PhD thesis can be considered as extended SRF.</p>

<p>The project would involve cloning, expression, crustallization of vibrio cholera toxin, Ace and modeling of its admissible HRA and medical benefits for SRF (Extended).</p>

<p>How to apply:</p>

<p>Eligible and interested candidates should need to appear before the selection committee along with typed application addressed to the above mentioned address along with biodata with complete details and attested copies of certificates on 02.03.2016 at 11:30 am. No TA or DA will be paid for attending the interview. No TA or DA will be paid for attending the interview.</p>

<p>Refer to http://www.boseinst.ernet.in/ADVT/15/p_30.pdf</p>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39098/sda-long-read-sequence-and-assembly-of-segmental-duplications</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 05 Mar 2019 10:00:57 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39098/sda-long-read-sequence-and-assembly-of-segmental-duplications</link>
	<title><![CDATA[SDA: Long-read sequence and assembly of segmental duplications]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span><span>Segmental Duplication Assembler (SDA; https://github.com/mvollger/SDA) constructs graphs in which paralogous sequence variants define the nodes and long-read sequences provide attraction and repulsion edges, enabling the partition and assembly of long reads corresponding to distinct paralogs.<br></span></span></p>
<p><span><span>https://github.com/mvollger/SDA</span></span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-018-0236-3" rel="nofollow">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-018-0236-3</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/25781/bioinformatics-trainee-at-university-of-kalyani</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2015 01:51:42 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics Trainee at University of Kalyani]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Bioinformatics Trainee<br />Eligibility : MSc<br />Location : Kolkata<br />Last Date : 28 Dec 2015<br />Hiring Process : Walk - In<br />University of Kalyani </p>

<p>Bioinformatics Trainee Job position in University of Kalyani<br />Number of Posts :  02 <br />Qualification : M.Sc. in any branch of life science with prior knowledge of Bioinformatics <br />Fellowship / Stipend / Salary : As per DBT rules <br />Duration of the Post :  Six months starting from January, 2016 <br />How to apply<br />Walk-in-interview will be held on 28.12.2015 at Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani.</p>

<p>More at http://www.klyuniv.ac.in/index.php/recruitments</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39881/apollo-a-sequence-annotation-editor</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 27 Aug 2019 08:08:47 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39881/apollo-a-sequence-annotation-editor</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Apollo: a sequence annotation editor]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>The well-established inaccuracy of purely computational methods for annotating genome sequences necessitates an interactive tool to allow biological experts to refine these approximations by viewing and independently evaluating the data supporting each annotation. Apollo was developed to meet this need, enabling curators to inspect genome annotations closely and edit them</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0082" rel="nofollow">https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0082</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhimanyu Singh</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/25987/chekulaevalab</guid>
  <pubDate>Tue, 12 Jan 2016 02:32:03 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Chekulaevalab]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Focusing on understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate mRNA translation, localization and stability and role of non-coding RNAs in this process. Up to 90% of human DNA is estimated to be transcribed into so called non-coding RNAs that are not translated into proteins. Many of them act as potent modifiers of gene expression. miRNAs are a class of such short non-coding RNAs. They regulate expression of more than a half of eukaryotic genes, thus, affecting multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and senescence. Not surprisingly, miRNAs are involved in many human pathologies, including cancer and neurological disorders and hold great potential as drug targets, disease markers, as well as therapeutic agents.<br />Our lab is located at the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), a part of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC).</p>

<p>http://www.chekulaevalab.org/</p>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40594/gfaviz-flexible-and-interactive-visualization-of-gfa-sequence-graphs</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 23 Jan 2020 07:33:46 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40594/gfaviz-flexible-and-interactive-visualization-of-gfa-sequence-graphs</link>
	<title><![CDATA[GfaViz: flexible and interactive visualization of GFA sequence graphs]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>GFA (Graphical Fragment Assembly) is an emerging standard format for representing sequence graphs. Although it was originally conceived as a format for sequence assembly (hence the name), and this remains its core application, it is more general, and able to represent many different types of sequence graphs, including scaffolding graphs, alignment graphs, variant graphs and splicing graphs.</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/ggonnella/gfaviz" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/ggonnella/gfaviz</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/26567/ra-at-university-of-pune</guid>
  <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2016 03:48:33 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[RA at University of Pune]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Research Associate Job vacancies in University of Pune on temporary basis</p>

<p>No. of Post : 01</p>

<p>Department : Science and Technology</p>

<p>Qualifications : Ph.D. with specialization in Bioinformatics/Machine Learning/ Mathematical Biology/ Computational Biology/ Systems Biology with a minimum of 55% marks in M. Sc. (50% for candidates belongs to reserved category) or equivalent grade.  Candidates who have submitted their Ph.D. thesis and are waiting for award of Ph.D. are also eligible. OR M. Sc. Bioinformatics with two years of research experience in the areas mentioned above, a minimum of 55% marks in M.Sc. (50% for candidates belongs to reserved categories) or equivalent grade and at least one publication in Science Citation Index (SCI) journal. Preference will be given to B.I.N.C. /J.R.F. /N.E.T. /S.E.T. qualified candidates.  </p>

<p>Emoluments : Rs. 20,000/- (Including H.R.A.) per month.<br />How to apply</p>

<p>The complete application along with necessary documents and certificates should reach to 'The Director, Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Caneshkhind Road. Pune - 411 007 on or before 21st March, 2016 within official hours except Sundays (i.e. 10.20 am to 06.00 pm).</p>

<p>More at http://collegecirculars.unipune.ac.in/sites/documents/Job%20Openings/Forms/AllItems.aspx</p>
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