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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/30203?offset=530</link>
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	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/42359/dnasp-dna-sequence-polymorphism-is-a-software-package-for-the-analysis-of-dna-polymorphisms</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2020 19:51:38 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/42359/dnasp-dna-sequence-polymorphism-is-a-software-package-for-the-analysis-of-dna-polymorphisms</link>
	<title><![CDATA[DnaSP: DNA Sequence Polymorphism, is a software package for the analysis of DNA polymorphisms]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>DnaSP, DNA Sequence Polymorphism, is a software package for the analysis of DNA polymorphisms using data from a single locus (a multiple sequence aligned -MSA data), or from several loci (a Multiple-MSA data, such as formats generated by some assembler RAD-seq software). DnaSP can estimate several measures of DNA sequence variation within and between populations in noncoding, synonymous or nonsynonymous sites, or in various sorts of codon positions), as well as linkage disequilibrium, recombination, gene flow and gene conversion parameters.</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://www.ub.edu/dnasp/" rel="nofollow">http://www.ub.edu/dnasp/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Neel</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/42672/introduction-to-bioinformatics-and-computational-biology</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2021 01:32:30 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/42672/introduction-to-bioinformatics-and-computational-biology</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Introduction to Bioinformatics and Computational Biology]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>This is the course material for STAT115/215 BIO/BST282 at Harvard University.</span></p>
<p>Xiaole Shirley Liu (lead instructor)<br>Joshua Starmer<br>Martin Hemberg<br>Ting Wang<br>Feng Yue</p>
<p>Ming Tang<br>Yang Liu<br>Jack Kang<br>Scarlett Ge<br>Jiazhen Rong<br>Phillip Nicol<br>Maartin De Vries</p>
<p>We thank many colleagues in the community, who helped Dr.&nbsp;Liu in prepare the STAT115/215 BIO/BST282 course over the years.&nbsp;</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://liulab-dfci.github.io/bioinfo-combio/" rel="nofollow">https://liulab-dfci.github.io/bioinfo-combio/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/42809/bioinformatics-in-africa-part2-kenya</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 06 Feb 2021 13:23:54 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/42809/bioinformatics-in-africa-part2-kenya</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics in Africa: Part2 - Kenya]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI):</p><p>Under&nbsp; &nbsp;a&nbsp; &nbsp;NEPAD&nbsp; &nbsp;initiative,&nbsp; &nbsp;the&nbsp; &nbsp;Biosciences&nbsp; &nbsp;Eastern&nbsp; &nbsp;and&nbsp; &nbsp;Central&nbsp; &nbsp;Africa&nbsp; &nbsp;(BECA)&nbsp; (www.biosciencesafrica.org) was established at ILRI. BECA consists of a hub, regional nodes, and&nbsp; other affiliated laboratories and partner institutes. A state of the art joint Bioinformatics Platform&nbsp; (www.becabioinfo.org), whose overall goal is to provide a coherent and powerful bioinformatics&nbsp; infrastructure for use by all scientists in East and central Africa. The Platform goal requires both&nbsp; physical and intellectual developments that together provide researchers with access to diverse&nbsp; infrastructure in a wide&shy;area network, thereby addressing four important aspects of bioinformatics:&nbsp;</p><p>1) Science: bioinformatics tools for data integration and visualization, standardization of data&nbsp; formats and data analysis strategies, and distribution of analysis tasks over local&shy; and widearea networks are in development;&nbsp;</p><p>2)&nbsp; Bioinformatics Support Facility: provides assistance and custom programming to projects&nbsp; and those unable to establish a bioinformatics support function intrinsic to their project due&nbsp; to shortage of qualified personnel or lack of funding;&nbsp;</p><p>3) Hardware Platform: provide a powerful high performance computing platform capable of&nbsp; handling the largest analysis needs for projects;&nbsp;</p><p>4) Bioinformatics Training for East and central African scientists: While many Web&shy;based&nbsp; tools are available to the wet&shy;lab researcher, the Web is not well suited for tasks beyond&nbsp; single&shy;sequence annotation. Researchers need to become productive in a server&shy;based Unix&nbsp; environment with its wealth of scripting and automation tools. Even at an entry&shy;level, this&nbsp; can be an intimidating task if proper guidance is not available.</p><p>International&nbsp;Centre&nbsp;of&nbsp;Insect&nbsp;Physiology&nbsp;and&nbsp;Ecology&nbsp;(ICIPE): ICIPE&rsquo;s&nbsp;research&nbsp;focus&nbsp;is&nbsp;on&nbsp;insect&nbsp;biology,&nbsp;in&nbsp;order&nbsp;to&nbsp;improve&nbsp;the&nbsp;wellbeing&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;peoples&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp; tropics&nbsp;through&nbsp;insect&nbsp;science.&nbsp;There&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;commitment&nbsp;to&nbsp;utilise&nbsp;contemporary&nbsp;science&nbsp;in&nbsp;order&nbsp;to&nbsp; limit&nbsp;the&nbsp;impact&nbsp;of&nbsp;disease&nbsp;vectors,&nbsp;and&nbsp;agricultural&nbsp;pests.&nbsp;The&nbsp;understanding&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;mechanisms&nbsp; associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;behaviour&nbsp;(e.g.&nbsp;attraction&nbsp;and&nbsp;repellency)&nbsp;is&nbsp;crucial.&nbsp;ICIPE&nbsp;seeks&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;its&nbsp; bioinformatics&nbsp;capacity&nbsp;in&nbsp;order&nbsp;to&nbsp;support&nbsp;data&nbsp;from&nbsp;various&nbsp;EST&nbsp;projects&nbsp;designed&nbsp;to&nbsp;gain&nbsp;insights&nbsp; into&nbsp;the&nbsp;insect&nbsp;ecology&nbsp;and&nbsp;plant&nbsp;pathogen&nbsp;interactions&nbsp;though&nbsp;studies&nbsp;of&nbsp;metabolic&nbsp;pathways&nbsp; associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;production&nbsp;of&nbsp;all&nbsp;elochemicals.&nbsp;</p><p>Long&shy;term training activities:</p><p>Kenyatta University: An introductory course in Bioinformatics is offers to MSc Biotechnology&nbsp; students. This comprises of 35 hours of lectures and practicals.</p><p>University of Nairobi: A centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CEBIB), which will offer&nbsp; postgraduate training (diplomas, MSc and PhD) in areas of biotechnology and bioinformatics has&nbsp; recently been launched. Other universities in Kenya, including Egerton, Maseno and the Jomo Kenyatta University of&nbsp; Agriculture and Technology offer introductory courses to undergraduates in biomedical sciences. In addition, under the BECA platform MSc and PhD fellowships are being made available for&nbsp; Bioinformatics students. ILRI is forging links with Universities in South Africa and the United&nbsp; Kingdom to provide access to courses and training material.&nbsp;</p><p>Research Interest and Activities:</p><p>The following are the present areas of research interest: 1. EST clustering 2. Genome sequencing and annotation 3. Functional genomics and proteomics (including key tropical pathogens) 4. Structural bioinformatics 5. Development of Bioinformatics Data Management Systems 6. Gene Mining 7. High Throughput Genotyping 8. Microarray data management and analysis 9. Metagenomics 10. Immunoinformatics 11. Host&shy;pathogen interaction 12. High performance computing and grid development 13. Parasite transfection technologies 14. Cell cycle regulation 15. Population genetics 16. Vector genomics 17. Drug, vaccine and diagnostic target discovery</p><p>More at&nbsp;Web&nbsp;site&nbsp;and&nbsp;links:</p><p>http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/</p><p>http://www.icipe.org/ &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p>http://www.uonbi.ac.ke/cebib</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44257/calculate-the-significance-of-the-difference-between-two-trends</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 14 Mar 2023 05:41:53 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44257/calculate-the-significance-of-the-difference-between-two-trends</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Calculate the significance of the difference between two trends]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p>To calculate the significance of the difference between two trends, you can use a statistical test such as a t-test or ANOVA (analysis of variance). Here are the general steps to follow:</p><ol>
<li>
<p>Define your null hypothesis (H0) and alternative hypothesis (H1). For example, H0 might be that there is no significant difference between the two trends, while H1 might be that there is a significant difference.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Collect data on the two trends. Make sure that the data is independent, normally distributed, and has equal variances.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Calculate the means and standard deviations of each trend.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Calculate the test statistic using a t-test or ANOVA. The test statistic will depend on the specific test you choose, but it will generally compare the difference in means between the two trends to the variability within each trend.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Determine the p-value associated with the test statistic. The p-value represents the probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme as the one you calculated, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compare the p-value to your chosen significance level (usually 0.05 or 0.01). If the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level, reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant difference between the two trends. If the p-value is greater than the significance level, fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is not enough evidence to support a significant difference.</p>
</li>
</ol><p>It's important to note that the specific details of each step will depend on the type of test you choose and the software you use to perform the analysis.</p><p>The most common methods for comparing means include:</p><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Methods</th><th>R function</th><th>Description</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>T-test</td>
<td>t.test()</td>
<td>Compare two groups (parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wilcoxon test</td>
<td>wilcox.test()</td>
<td>Compare two groups (non-parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ANOVA</td>
<td>aov() or anova()</td>
<td>Compare multiple groups (parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kruskal-Wallis</td>
<td>kruskal.test()</td>
<td>Compare multiple groups (non-parametric)<br /><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/42815/bioinformatics-in-africa-part7-tunisia</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 06 Feb 2021 21:25:09 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/42815/bioinformatics-in-africa-part7-tunisia</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics in Africa: Part7 - Tunisia]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT):<br />The IPT is a research institution founded in 1883. IPT is under the supervision of the Ministry of &nbsp;Health and is part of the Universit&eacute; El Manar of Tunis (Ministry of high Education). The missions &nbsp;of the institute are: Public Health Laboratory activities (PHL), Research on infectious diseases, and &nbsp;R/D on vaccines. Research programs are mainly oriented towards local health problems such as &nbsp;leishmaniais, viral hepatitis, and scorpion venoms. The &nbsp; group &nbsp; of &nbsp; Bioinformatics &nbsp; and &nbsp; Modelling &nbsp; of &nbsp; the &nbsp; IPT &nbsp; is &nbsp; hosted &nbsp; by &nbsp; the &nbsp;Laboratoire &nbsp;d&rsquo;Immunopathologie Vaccinologie et G&eacute;n&eacute;tique Mol&eacute;culaire &nbsp;(LIVGM), and exists since the &nbsp;beginning of 2005. Its present research activities include: genome annotation, EST clustering and &nbsp;modelling of the host/parasite response to Leishmania infection. It consists of two senior scientists, &nbsp;two PhD students and one MSc student</p><p>Centre&nbsp;de&nbsp;Biotechnology&nbsp;de&nbsp;Sfax&nbsp;(CBS):<br />Bioinformatics&nbsp;activity&nbsp;started&nbsp;at&nbsp;CBS&nbsp;in&nbsp;2001&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;setting&shy;up&nbsp;of&nbsp;a&nbsp;research&nbsp;and&nbsp;service&nbsp;unit&nbsp;of&nbsp; bioinformatics.&nbsp;This&nbsp;unit&nbsp;currently&nbsp;includes&nbsp;one&nbsp;senior&nbsp;researcher,&nbsp;one&nbsp;engineer&nbsp;and&nbsp;four&nbsp;Phd&nbsp; students.&nbsp;Activities&nbsp;include&nbsp;sequence&nbsp;annotation&nbsp;(service)&nbsp;and&nbsp;three&nbsp;research&nbsp;programs:&nbsp;ab&nbsp;initio&nbsp; prediction&nbsp;of&nbsp;short&nbsp;eukaryote&nbsp;genes,&nbsp;statistical&nbsp;modelling&nbsp;by&nbsp;Bayesian&nbsp;networks&nbsp;approach&nbsp;of&nbsp;signal&nbsp; transduction&nbsp;pathways&nbsp;and&nbsp;statistical&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;of&nbsp;human&nbsp;sequence&nbsp;variation&nbsp;data&nbsp;(haplotype&nbsp; reconstruction&nbsp;and&nbsp;linkage&nbsp;disequilibrium).&nbsp;Activities&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bioinformatics&nbsp;unit&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;found&nbsp;at&nbsp; the&nbsp;website:&nbsp;http://www.cbs.rnrt.tn/&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;research&nbsp;activity&nbsp;report&nbsp;is&nbsp;available&nbsp;under&nbsp;request&nbsp;to&nbsp; Bioinformatics@cbs.rnrt.tn.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;the&nbsp;computing&nbsp;facilities&nbsp;are&nbsp;good,&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;still&nbsp;a&nbsp;need&nbsp;for&nbsp; trained&nbsp;human&nbsp;resources&nbsp;to&nbsp;strengthen&nbsp;bioinformatics&nbsp;capacities&nbsp;at&nbsp;CBS,&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;in&nbsp;structural&nbsp; bioinformatics.</p><p>Web site and links: http://www.cbs.rnrt.tn</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/file/view/87/linux-cheat-sheet</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 09 Jul 2013 17:30:04 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/file/view/87/linux-cheat-sheet</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Linux Cheat Sheet]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>In an attempt to find a good Linux reference for bioinformatician and BOL readers, I was unsuccessful at finding a decent one on the Internet. So, we decided to make a cheat sheet for biological programmers.</span></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
	<enclosure url="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/file/download/87" length="81260" type="application/pdf" />
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/43418/caceres-lab</guid>
  <pubDate>Sat, 02 Oct 2021 00:20:42 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Cáceres Lab]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Lab are included within the Genomics, Bioinformatics and Evolution group of the UAB, and collaborate closely with other researchers in the Barcelona area, such as Xavier Estivill of the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Juan R González of the Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), and Tomàs Marqués-Bonet of the Institute of Evolutionary Biology (IBE), as well as with other international groups and projects.</p>

<p>https://grupsderecerca.uab.cat/cacereslab/</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/396/bioinformatics-introduction-to-perl</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 11 Jul 2013 09:49:37 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/396/bioinformatics-introduction-to-perl</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics: Introduction to PERL]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>This course is aimed at those new to programming and provides an introduction to programming using <strong>Perl</strong>. By the end of this course, attendees should be able to write simple <strong>Perl</strong> programs and to understand more complex <strong>Perl</strong> programs written by others. The course will be taught using the online <a href="http://sofiarobb.com/learning-perl-toc/" title="http://sofiarobb.com/learning-perl-toc/">Learning Perl</a> materials created by <a href="http://stajich.bioinformatics.ucr.edu/members/sofia-robb" title="http://stajich.bioinformatics.ucr.edu/members/sofia-robb">Sofia Robb</a> of the <a href="http://www.ucr.edu/" title="http://www.ucr.edu/">University of California Riverside</a>. Further information is <a href="http://ruddles.bio.cam.ac.uk/%7Edpjudge/Descriptions/PERL.php" title="http://ruddles.bio.cam.ac.uk/~dpjudge/Descriptions/PERL.php">available</a>.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Archana Malhotra</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/43913/lsugenomics-lab</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 07 Jul 2022 05:26:37 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[lsugenomics Lab]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>﻿In our lab, we seek to characterize and to compare genomes in order to better understand genetic and evolutionary processes linking genotypes to phenotypes.  <br /> <br />Sequencing and decoding plant genomes have been integral in our approaches.</p>

<p>The overarching goal of our research is to understand how to interpret complex and fascinating messages embedded in genomes.</p>

<p>https://www.lsugenomics.org/</p>
]]></description>
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<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/842/ngs-bioinformatics-summit-europe</guid>
  <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jul 2013 17:02:34 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[NGS &amp; Bioinformatics Summit Europe]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>NGS &amp; Bioinformatics Summit Europe </p>

<p>Conference </p>

<p>7th   to  8th October 2013 <br />Berlin, Germany </p>

<p>Website: https://www.gtcbio.com/conference/ngseurope-overview <br />Contact person: Kristen Starkey </p>

<p>We welcome you to join us at GTC’s NGS &amp; Bioinformatics Summit Europe on October 7-8, 2013 in Berlin, Germany. </p>

<p>Organized by: GTC <br />Deadline for abstracts/proposals: 7th September 2013</p>
]]></description>
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