Important Date & Details

Closing Date for Registration: 10 May 2015

Details of Post

Name of Post: Junior Research Fellow- 04 Posts

Pay Scale: Rs. 12,000 or 16,00+ HRA Post Graduate degree with NET (16,000+HRA) Post Graduate Degree (12,000+HRA)

Eligibility Criteria: M.Sc. in Microbiology/Marine Microbiology/ Marine Biotechnology/Biotechnology/Bioinformatics/Zoology or equivalent degree with minimum 60% marks or equivalent grade

Age Limit- Not more than 28 years

Organisation Name: Savitribai Phule Pune University
Eligibility for the post:

Selection Procedure: The selection procedure is through personal interview. No TA/DA will be paid for appearing in the interview.

How to Apply: The candidates may send their application along with CV to the Head Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule University on or before 10 May 2015.

What is Genome Assembly?

Genome assembly involves piecing together short DNA sequence reads generated by sequencing platforms (e.g., Illumina, PacBio, Oxford Nanopore) into longer, contiguous sequences called contigs. This can be performed as:

• De Novo Assembly: Without a reference genome.
• Reference-Guided Assembly: Using a reference genome to guide the assembly process.

Step 1: Preparing Your Data

Before starting the assembly, ensure that your raw sequencing data is high quality.

1. Input Data

   • Short Reads: Illumina sequencing generates short, accurate reads ideal for scaffolding.
   • Long Reads: PacBio and Nanopore sequencing provide long reads for resolving repetitive regions.

2. Quality Control (QC)
   Use tools like FastQC or MultiQC to assess the quality of your reads:

   fastqc reads.fastq multiqc .

   Look for issues like low-quality bases, adapter contamination, or overrepresented sequences.

3. Read Trimming and Filtering
   Trim low-quality bases and adapters using Trimmomatic or Cutadapt:

   trimmomatic PE reads_R1.fastq reads_R2.fastq trimmed_R1.fastq trimmed_R2.fastq \ ILLUMINACLIP:adapters.fa:2:30:10 LEADING:3 TRAILING:3 SLIDINGWINDOW:4:20 MINLEN:36

Step 2: Choosing an Assembly Strategy

Select an assembly strategy based on your data type:

• Short-Read Assemblers:

  • SPAdes: Popular for microbial genomes.
  • Velvet: Fast for smaller genomes.

• Long-Read Assemblers:

  • Canu: Ideal for long-read datasets.
  • Flye: Versatile for small and large genomes.

• Hybrid Assemblers:

  • MaSuRCA: Combines short and long reads.
  • Unicycler: Optimized for bacterial genomes.

Step 3: Running the Assembly

3.1. SPAdes (Short-Read Assembly)

SPAdes is an excellent choice for small genomes, such as bacteria.

The output includes assembled contigs (contigs.fasta) and scaffolds (scaffolds.fasta).

3.2. Canu (Long-Read Assembly)

Canu is designed for high-error long reads from PacBio or Nanopore.

The output will be in canu_output/genome.contigs.fasta.

3.3. Hybrid Assembly with Unicycler

Unicycler combines short and long reads for improved assemblies.

Step 4: Assessing Assembly Quality

After assembly, evaluate its quality using the following tools:

1. QUAST
   QUAST generates assembly statistics, such as N50, genome size, and GC content:

   quast contigs.fasta -o quast_output

2. BUSCO
   BUSCO checks genome completeness by identifying conserved genes:

   busco -i contigs.fasta -o busco_output -l fungi_odb10 -m genome

3. Assembly Graph Visualization
   Visualize assembly graphs with Bandage:

   Bandage load assembly_graph.gfa

Step 5: Post-Assembly Steps

1. Polishing
   Improve assembly accuracy using tools like Pilon (for short reads) or Racon (for long reads).

   racon long_reads.fasta mapped_reads.sam contigs.fasta > polished_contigs.fasta

2. Scaffolding
   Link contigs into scaffolds using tools like SSPACE or Opera-LG if required.

3. Annotation
   Annotate the assembled genome using Prokka for prokaryotes or Maker for eukaryotes.

   prokka --outdir annotation_output --prefix genome contigs.fasta

Step 6: Sharing and Archiving

1. Submit to Public Repositories
   Share your assembly in databases like NCBI GenBank, ENA, or DDBJ.

2. Metadata Preparation
   Include detailed metadata for your submission, such as organism name, sequencing platform, and coverage.

Best Practices

• Always perform quality checks at each stage to ensure data integrity.
• Use multiple tools to cross-validate results when working with complex genomes.
• Document parameters and software versions for reproducibility.

Conclusion

Genome assembly is a powerful process that transforms raw sequencing data into a coherent representation of an organism’s genome. By following this step-by-step guide, you can successfully assemble genomes and uncover valuable biological insights. Whether you’re assembling a microbial genome or tackling the complexities of a eukaryotic genome, these tools and strategies will set you on the path to success.

We have developed panHiTE, a comprehensive and accurate pipeline for TE detection in large-scale population genomes. It has been successfully applied to hundreds of plant population genomes, demonstrating its effectiveness and scalability.

For detailed instructions, please refer to the panHiTE tutorial.

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/CSU-KangHu/HiTE

Position 1: Traineeship
Monthly fellowship (in rupee): 5,000/-
No. of vacancies: Two
Required Qualification: First Class M.Sc Bioinformatics/ Biotechnology/ Botany

Position 2: Studentship
Monthly fellowship (in rupee): 5,000/-
No. of vacancies: Two
Required Qualification: M.Phil/M.Tech Bioinformatics/ Biotechnology/ any branch of Life Science students for doing their thesis work in the area of Bioinformatics.

Age limit as on 1.1.2015, 28 years. Age relaxation will be provided for SC, ST, OBC candidates as per Govt. norms.

Interested candidates may appear for walk-in-interview on 15th May 2015 at 10.30 am at JNTBGRI, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram. The candidate should report to the Office at Palode before 10.00 am.

More at http://jntbgri.res.in/news/appointment-of-two-traineeships-and-two-studentships-in-bioinformatics/

This bookmark is created to provide NGS online books links.

Address of the bookmark: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Next_Generation_Sequencing_%28NGS%29/Print_version

More at http://www.bioinsilico.org/

Department of Genetics

University of Delhi South Campus

NEW DELHI – 110 021

WALK-IN-INTERVIEW FOR THE TEMPORARY POSITIONS OF RESEACH SCIENTIT & LAB / FIELD ATTENDANT

1 Research Scientist (RS) – 3

DBT, Ph. D.

Experience on DNA Markers, plant genome mapping and bioinformatics

Salary: 60,000 (Consolidated) + 5% annual increment

Date and time: 25.06.2015 at 10:30 AM

These temporary positions have been sanctioned in a DBT funded project for the Phase II on ‘Centre of Excellence on genome mapping and molecular breeding of Brassicas.’

The applicants are requested to register their names on the day of interview in the First Floor, Biotech Centre, Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, Department of Genetics before the stipulated time for the interview. Only the registered eligible candidates will be interviewed on the day in the Committee Room.

Applicants are requested to bring all related documents, in original and a set of photocopy, for verification.

No TA/DA will be paid for attending the interview.

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The work in our lab has focussed on computational approaches to speed-up the finishing process. Specifically, we have explored the use of optical mapping and mate-pair data to augment assemblies and direct finishing experiments. The tools developed in our lab have been used in several finishing projects, producing complete genomes (and near-complete ones) with surprisingly little computational and experimental effort (Nagarajan et al., in submission). The executables (as well as source code) for these tools are freely available here:

• Scaffolding using Optical Restriction Mapping
  Optical Maps are global, ordered maps of restriction site locations in a genome. This information can be quite useful in scaffolding contigs from a shotgun assembly to guide the finishing process. A set of programs to exploit optical maps for assembly can be found here: SOMA v2.0 (63 MB tar.gz file). This version of SOMA contains several improvements to programs in v1.0 as well as new scripts for working with multiple maps, contig graphs and scaffolds. 
  
  
• Augmenting assemblies with mate-pair data
  Mate-pair information can be valuable in augmenting short-read assemblies and reconstructing the genome as larger scaffolds. AMOS-Hybrid is a pipeline written in the AMOS framework (open-source assembly tools) to merge arbitrary mated reads into an existing assembly and merge contigs and create scaffolds where possible. Source code and executables for AMOS-Hybrid are available here: AMOS-Hybrid v1.0 (142 MB tar.gz file). 
  
  
• Assembly and sequence-composition guided finishing
  Contigs from a shotgun assembly are typically linked together in a graph structure that can serve to guide finishing and in some case close gaps in-silico. Also, in many cases, sequence composition of contigs can provide clues to fill gaps in scaffolds. A set of scripts to automate some of these tasks can be found here: Finishing Scripts v1.0 (63 MB tar.gz file). 

http://www.cbcb.umd.edu/finishing/

Address of the bookmark: http://www.cbcb.umd.edu/finishing/

(ABT/DIC/01/2014 (No. AAU/ABT/DIT/Advt. 01/2015/111 Dtd. 19-05-2015)

Walk in interview for the following position will be held on 6th June, 2015 at 10.00AM in the Office Chamber of the undersigned. Candidates may appear for the interview with bio-data, reprints / publication / thesis etc and passport size photographs, original and attested copies of all testimonials etc, which must be presented at the time of interview. The applicants may submit their resume in advance tomkmodi@aau.ac.in.

Research Associate

Ph.D. in Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics. Or

Masters degree in Biotechnology/Bioinformatics with minimum 3(three) years research experience

Desirable : Experience in Bioinformatics as evidenced from published research

Rs 36,000+HRA for the 1st two years and 38,000+HRA for the 3rd year.

Senior Research Fellow

Master Degree in Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics. With 2 (two) years Experience in Bioinformatics as evidenced from Course work/ Diploma/Published research

Rs 28,000+HRA for NET qualified candidate/Professional degree holder

Rs 18,000+HRA for non-NET qualified general degree holder

Junior Research Fellow

Master Degree in Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics/Computer Science/Computer Application

Desirable: Experience in Bioinformatics as evident from Course work/ Diploma/Published research

Rs 25,000+HRA for NET qualified candidate/Professional degree holder

Rs 16,000+HRA for non-NET qualified general degree holder

Note: Term and conditions will be as per the DBT, Govt of India guidelines.

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