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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/31566?offset=230</link>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/34707/string-graph-based-genome-assembly-software-and-tools</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 19 Dec 2017 17:17:38 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/34707/string-graph-based-genome-assembly-software-and-tools</link>
	<title><![CDATA[String graph based genome assembly software and tools !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>In&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory" title="Graph theory">graph theory</a>, a&nbsp;<strong>string graph</strong>&nbsp;is an&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_graph" title="Intersection graph">intersection graph</a>&nbsp;of&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve" title="Curve">curves</a>&nbsp;in the plane; each curve is called a "string".&nbsp; String graphs were first proposed by E. W. Myers in a&nbsp;<a href="http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/suppl_2/ii79.full.pdf+html">2005 publication</a>.&nbsp;In&nbsp;recent&nbsp;<a href="http://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2012/01/22/gr.126953.111">Genome Research paper</a>&nbsp;describing an innovative approach for assembling large genomes from NGS data caught our attention for several reasons. i) it give different "string graph" prospective of long lasting genome assembly problem ii) the&nbsp;paper is coauthored by Jared Simpson, the developer of&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694472/">ABySS assembler</a>&nbsp;and Richard Durbin. iii)&nbsp;Simpson-Durbin algorithm is that it does not rely on de Bruijn graphs, and instead employs a different graph construction approach called &lsquo;string graph&rsquo;.</p><p>Following are the genome assembly tools based on string graph:</p><p>1.SGA (String Graph Assembler)&nbsp;https://github.com/jts/sga</p><p>Assembles large genomes from high coverage short read data. SGA is designed as a modular set of programs, which are used to form an assembly pipeline. SGA implements a set of assembly algorithms based on the FM-index. As the FM-index is a compressed data structure, the algorithms are very memory efficient. The SGA assembly has three distinct phases. The first phase corrects base calling errors in the reads. The second phase assembles contigs from the corrected reads. The third phase uses paired end and/or mate pair data to build scaffolds from the contigs. The output of this software is a PDF report that allows the properties of the genome and data quality to be visually explored. By providing more information to the user at the start of an assembly project, this software will help increase awareness of the factors that make a given assembly easy or difficult, assist in the selection of software and parameters and help to troubleshoot an assembly if it runs into problems.</p><p>2.&nbsp;SAGE: String-overlap Assembly of GEnomes&nbsp;https://github.com/lucian-ilie/SAGE2</p><p>SAGE, for de novo genome assembly. As opposed to most assemblers, which are de Bruijn graph based, SAGE uses the string-overlap graph. SAGE builds upon great existing work on string-overlap graph and maximum likelihood assembly, bringing an important number of new ideas, such as the efficient computation of the transitive reduction of the string overlap graph, the use of (generalized) edge multiplicity statistics for more accurate estimation of read copy counts, and the improved use of mate pairs and min-cost flow for supporting edge merging. The assemblies produced by SAGE for several short and medium-size genomes compared favourably with those of existing leading assemblers.</p><p>3. FSG: Fast String Graph</p><p>The new integrated assembler has been assessed on a standard benchmark, showing that fast string graph (FSG) is significantly faster than SGA while maintaining a moderate use of main memory, and showing practical advantages in running FSG on multiple threads. Moreover, we have studied the effect of coverage rates on the running times.</p><p>4.&nbsp;&nbsp;BASE&nbsp;https://github.com/dhlbh/BASE</p><p>It enhances the classic seed-extension approach by indexing the reads efficiently to generate adaptive seeds that have high probability to appear uniquely in the genome. Such seeds form the basis for BASE to build extension trees and then to use reverse validation to remove the branches based on read coverage and paired-end information, resulting in high-quality consensus sequences of reads sharing the seeds. Such consensus sequences are then extended to contigs.&nbsp;BASE is a practically efficient tool for constructing contig, with significant improvement in quality for long NGS reads. It is relatively easy to extend BASE to include scaffolding.</p><p>5.&nbsp;Fermi&nbsp;https://github.com/lh3/fermi/</p><p>Fermi is a de novo assembler with a particular focus on assembling Illumina&nbsp;short sequence reads from a mammal-sized genome. In addition to the role of a&nbsp;typical assembler, fermi also aims to preserve heterozygotes which are often&nbsp;collapsed by other assemblers. Its ultimate goal is to find a minimal set of&nbsp;unitigs to represent all the information in raw reads.</p><p>If you want to learn about String Graph assembler, please read the following papers -</p><p>i)&nbsp;<a href="http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/suppl_2/ii79.full.pdf+html">The Fragment Assembly String Graph - E. W. Myers</a></p><p>This paper describes the String Graph concept.</p><p>ii)&nbsp;<a href="http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/12/i367.full#ref-20">Efficient construction of an assembly string graph using the FM-index - Jared T. Simpson and Richard Durbin</a></p><p>This earlier paper from Simpson and Durbin</p><p>iii)&nbsp;<a href="http://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2012/01/22/gr.126953.111">Efficient de novo assembly of large genomes using compressed data structures - Jared T. Simpson and Richard Durbin</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36516/metassembler-merging-and-optimizing-de-novo-genome-assemblies</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2018 04:52:33 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36516/metassembler-merging-and-optimizing-de-novo-genome-assemblies</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Metassembler: merging and optimizing de novo genome assemblies]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>Metassembler combines multiple whole genome de novo assemblies into a combined consensus assembly using the best segments of the individual assemblies.</span></p>
<p><span><span>Genome assembly projects typically run multiple algorithms in an attempt to find the single best assembly, although those assemblies often have complementary, if untapped, strengths and weaknesses. We present our metassembler algorithm that merges multiple assemblies of a genome into a single superior sequence.&nbsp;</span></span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/metassembler/?source=directory" rel="nofollow">https://sourceforge.net/projects/metassembler/?source=directory</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/17926/orange-bioinformatics-2534</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2014 12:51:37 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/17926/orange-bioinformatics-2534</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Orange-Bioinformatics 2.5.34]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Orange Bioinformatics extends <a href="http://orange.biolab.si/">Orange</a>, a data mining software package, with common functionality for bioinformatics. The provided functionality can be accessed as a Python library or through a visual programming interface (Orange Canvas). The latter is also suitable for non-programmers.</p>
<p>Orange Bioinformatics provides access to publicly available data, like GEO data sets, Biomart, GO, KEGG, Atlas, ArrayExpress, and PIPAx database. As for the analytics, there is gene selection, quality control, scoring distances between experiments with multiple factors. All features can be combined with powerful visualization, network exploration and data mining techniques from the Orange data mining framework.</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Orange-Bioinformatics/2.5.34" rel="nofollow">https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Orange-Bioinformatics/2.5.34</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Robert M Willioms</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/18385/biinformamatics-lead-at-google-life-sciences</guid>
  <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2014 02:24:55 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Biinformamatics Lead at Google Life Sciences]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>Google Life Sciences is recruiting a technical lead with experience in bioinformatics and clinical bioinformatics, including for biomarker discovery projects such as the Baseline study.</p>

<p>Responsibilities</p>

<p>Lead teams of scientists in structuring, prototyping, and executing large-scale bioinformatic and other analysis.<br />Develop novel bioinformatics, statistical, data processing, pathway, data mining and other algorithms to identify biological signals and their clinical correlates in broad kinds of individual and population data.<br />Develop novel platform-level analytical tools for sequence-based assays (assembly, annotation, variant calling and interpretation, phasing, genome structure, etc.), expression assays (RNAseq and microarray), proteomics, and metabolomics.<br />Develop statistical models that robustly correlate complex laboratory-derived information with phenotypic and clinical information.<br />Create scientifically rigorous visualizations, communications, and presentations of results.</p>

<p>Reference @ https://www.google.com/about/careers/search#!t=jo&amp;jid=62095001</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39624/cogent-a-tool-for-reconstructing-the-coding-genome-using-high-quality-full-length-transcriptome-sequences</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2019 05:33:04 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39624/cogent-a-tool-for-reconstructing-the-coding-genome-using-high-quality-full-length-transcriptome-sequences</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Cogent: a tool for reconstructing the coding genome using high-quality full-length transcriptome sequences.]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<div id="yui_3_14_1_1_1560853173251_3865">Cogent is a tool that identifies gene&nbsp;families and reconstructs the coding genome using high-quality transcriptome data without a reference genome, and can be used to check&nbsp;assemblies&nbsp;for the presence of&nbsp;these known coding sequences.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<p>Cogent is a tool for reconstructing the coding genome using high-quality full-length transcriptome sequences. It is designed to be used on&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/cDNA_primer/wiki">Iso-Seq data</a>&nbsp;and in cases where there is no reference genome or the ref genome is highly incomplete.</p>
<p>See a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/mn6hwhguh0pqceu/20160106_Cogent_developers_conference_slides_Cuttlefish.pdf?dl=0">recent presentation</a>&nbsp;on Cogent being applied to the Cuttlefish Iso-Seq data.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/kz0gi7qg0w82k9a/20161026_Cogent_manuscript_forGitHub.pdf?dl=0">Cogent preliminary draft paper (updated 2016Dec version)</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/37412o8glvnfhf9/20161026_Cogent_ManuscriptPlusSupplement_forGitHub.pdf?dl=0">Supplementary</a></p>
<p>Please see&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/Magdoll/Cogent/wiki">wiki</a>&nbsp;for details on usage.</p>
</div><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/Magdoll/Cogent" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/Magdoll/Cogent</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40715/mutatrix-a-population-genome-simulator-which-generates-simulated-genomes</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 28 Jan 2020 04:06:58 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40715/mutatrix-a-population-genome-simulator-which-generates-simulated-genomes</link>
	<title><![CDATA[mutatrix: a population genome simulator which generates simulated genomes.]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>genome simulation across a population with zeta-distributed allele frequency, snps, insertions, deletions, and multi-nucleotide polymorphisms</span></p>
<p><span>More at&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/ekg/mutatrix">https://github.com/ekg/mutatrix</a></span></p>
<pre>./mutatrix -S sample -P test/ -p 2 -n 10 reference.fasta</pre><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/ekg/mutatrix" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/ekg/mutatrix</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/19633/vital-it</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2014 10:46:59 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/19633/vital-it</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Vital-IT]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Vital-IT is a <strong>bioinformatics competence center</strong> that supports and collaborates with life scientists in Switzerland and beyond. The <a href="http://www.vital-it.ch/about/team.php">multi-disciplinary team</a> provides expertise, training and maintains a high-performance computing (HPC) and storage infrastructure, so as to help develop, maintain and extend life science and medical research (<a href="http://www.vital-it.ch/about/activities.php">activities</a>).</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://www.vital-it.ch/" rel="nofollow">http://www.vital-it.ch/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhi</dc:creator>
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  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/researchlabs/view/19648/mit-computational-biology-group</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2014 14:47:01 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[MIT Computational Biology Group]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>My research group consists primarily of computer science graduate students and postdocs with expertise in algorithms, statistical inferences and machine learning, and sharing a passion for understanding fundamental biological problems.</p>

<p>We work in a highly interdisciplinary environment at the interface of Computer Science and Biology. Since its inception, our lab has eagerly engaged in collaborative research partnerships with biological and experimental collaborators, facilitated by our affiliation with the Broad Institute and the Computational and Systems Biology initiative (CSBi) at MIT, our participation in the Epigenome Roadmap, ENCODE, and modENCODE consortia, and by several other ongoing collaborations at MIT, Harvard, and the Harvard Medical School affiliated hospitals.</p>

<p>http://compbio.mit.edu/</p>
]]></description>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41896/kad-assessing-genome-assemblies-using-k-mer-copies-in-assemblies-and-k-mer-abundance-in-illumina-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2020 07:34:12 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41896/kad-assessing-genome-assemblies-using-k-mer-copies-in-assemblies-and-k-mer-abundance-in-illumina-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[KAD: Assessing genome assemblies using K-mer copies in assemblies and K-mer abundance in Illumina reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>KAD is designed for evaluating the accuracy of nucleotide base quality of genome assemblies. Briefly, abundance of k-mers are quantified for both sequencing reads and assembly sequences. Comparison of the two values results in a single value per k-mer, K-mer Abundance Difference (KAD), which indicates how well the assembly matches read data for each k-mer.</p>
<p><a href="https://render.githubusercontent.com/render/math?math=KAD=log_{2}\begin{pmatrix}\frac{c%2Bm}{m(n%2B1)}\end{pmatrix}" target="_blank"><img src="https://render.githubusercontent.com/render/math?math=KAD=log_{2}\begin{pmatrix}\frac{c%2Bm}{m(n%2B1)}\end{pmatrix}" alt="image" style="border: 0px;"></a></p>
<p>where,&nbsp;<em>c</em>&nbsp;is the count of a k-mer from reads,&nbsp;<em>m</em>&nbsp;is the mode of counts of read k-mers, and&nbsp;<em>n</em>&nbsp;is the copy of the k-mer in the assembly.</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/liu3zhenlab/KAD" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/liu3zhenlab/KAD</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/19786/shrec3d</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 25 Dec 2014 23:14:52 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/19786/shrec3d</link>
	<title><![CDATA[ShRec3D]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><strong>ShRec3D</strong> is a program that aims at reconstructing a genome 3D structure (b) from the sole knowledge of the contacts between different genomic regions (a) as determined by Hi-C (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815776).</p>
<p>There are two options to run ShRec3D (on linuX only so far): the first one uses the Matlab complier runtime environment (MCR), the second one doesn't need any other library to be installed but only works with the latest versions of Linux (equivalent to Fedora 19 and above).</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/julienmozziconacci/#TOC-Downloads" rel="nofollow">https://sites.google.com/site/julienmozziconacci/#TOC-Downloads</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
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