Motif Discovery

cosmo

The cosmo package allows to search a set of unaligned DNA sequences for a shared motif that may function as transcription factor binding site. The algorithm extends the popular motif discovery tool MEME (Bailey and Elkan, 1995) in that it allows the search to be supervised by specifying a set of constraints that the motif to be discovered must satisfy. Documentation

ShortRead

The ShortRead package provides input, quality control, filtering, parsing, and manipulation functionality for short read sequences produced by high throughput sequencing technologies. While support is provided for many sequencing technologies, this package is primairly focused on Solexa/Illumina reads. Documentation

Rsamtools

Rsamtools provides functions for parsing and inspecting samtools BAM formatted binary alignment data. SAM/BAM is quickly becoming a universal standard alignment format, and is now supported by a wide variety of alignment tools. Documentation

Samtools Website
BWA (Burrows-Wheeler Alignment) Website

Additional tools for SNP analysis: 

snpMatrix

BSgenome

BSgenome provides an object oriented infrastructure for interacting with a Biostring based genome sequence. BSgenome packages exist for many common genomes, and can be created to represent custom genomes. See the "How to forge a BSgenome data package" Vignette for instructions to create a new BSgenome package if a prebuilt package does not exist for your organism. Documentation

rtracklayer

rtracklayer provides an interface for exporting annotation feature data to various genome browsers and file formats (such as GFF). See the Small RNA Profiling exercise for an example of using rtracklayer to visualize alignment coverage. Documentation

biomaRt

The biomaRt package, provides an interface to a growing collection of databases implementing the BioMart software suite (http:// www.biomart.org). The package enables online retrieval of large amounts of data in a uniform way without the need to know the underlying database schemas. This data is retrieved automatically via the Internet, so it's recommended that you cache the data locally, or check versions if your code will be adversely affected by updates to these data. Documentation

ChIP-Seq Analysis Packages

Bioconductor provides various packages for analyzing and visualizing ChIP-Seq data. Only a small selection of these packages is introduced here. Additional useful introductions to this topic are: BioC ChIP-seq Case Study and BioC ChIP-Seq.

chipseq

The chipseq package combines a variety of HT-Seq packages to a pipeline for ChIP-Seq data analysis. Documentation

BayesPeak

BayesPeak is a peak calling package for identifying DNA binding sites of proteins in ChIP-Seq experiments. Its algorithm uses hidden Markov models (HMM) and Bayesian statistical methods. The following sample code introduces the identification of peaks with the BayesPeak package as well as the incorporation of read coverage information obtained by the chipseq package. Documentation [ Publication ]

PICS

The PICS package applies probabilistic inference to aligned-read ChIP-Seq data in order to identify regions bound by transcription factors. PICS identifies enriched regions by modeling local concentrations of directional reads, and uses DNA fragment length prior information to discriminate closely adjacent binding events via a Bayesian hierarchical t-mixture model. The following sample code uses the test data set from the above BayesPeak package in order to compare the results from both methods by identifying their consensus peak set. Documentation [ Publication ]

ChIPpeakAnno

The ChIPpeakAnno package provides. batch annotation of the peaks identified from either ChIP-seq or ChIP-chip experiments. It includes functions to retrieve the sequences around peaks, obtain enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms, find the nearest gene, exon, miRNA or custom features such as most conserved elements and other transcription factor binding sites supplied by users. The package leverages the biomaRt, IRanges, Biostrings, BSgenome, GO.db, multtest and stat packages. Documentation

Additional ChIP-Seq Packages

DiffBind: Documentation

MOSAICS: Documentation

iSeq: Documentation

ChIPseqR: Documentation

ChiPsim: Documentation

CSAR: Documentation

ChIP-Seq Pipeline: PICS, rGADEM and MotIV (developer web site)

SPP: ChIP-seq processing pipeline

SPP Tutorial

MACS

SIPeS

RNA-Seq Analysis

Counting Reads that Overlap with Annotation Ranges 

The GenomicRanges package provides support for importing into R short read alignment data in BAM format (via Rsamtools) and associating them with genomic feature ranges, such as exons or genes. This way one can quantify the number of reads aligning to annotated genomic regions. The package defines general purpose containers for storing genomic intervals as well as more specialized containers for storing alignments against a reference genome. The two main functions for read counting provided by this infrastructure are countOverlaps and summarizeOverlaps. For their proper usage, it is important to read the corresponding PDF manual. Documentation

Differential Gene Expression Analysis with DESeq

The DESeq package contains functions to call differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in count tables based on a model using the negative binomial distribution. It expects as input a data frame with the raw read counts per region/gene of interest (rows) for each test sample (columns).  Such a count table can be imported into R or generated from BAM alignment files using the countOverlaps function as introduced above. Documentation

Differential Gene Expression Analysis with edgeR

The edgeR package uses empirical Bayes estimation and exact tests based on the negative binomial distribution to call differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in count data. 

Documentation

A variety of additional R packages are available for normalizing RNA-Seq read count data and identifying differentially expressed genes (DEG):

easyRNASeq (simplifies read counting per genome feature)

DEXSeq (Inference of differential exon usage); parathyroidSE explains how to generate exon read counts in R

DEGseq

baySeq (also see: segmentSeq)

Genominator (Bullard et al. 2010)

HT-Seq Data Visualization

ggbio: ggplot2 extension for genomics data (online manual) Gviz: Plotting data and annotation information along genomic coordinates HilbertVis: Hilbert genome plots

GenomeGraphs: Plotting genomic information from Ensembl

TileQC: Flow Cell Quality Visualization

rtracklayer: R interface to genome browsers

genoPlotR: Plotting maps of genes and genomes

Genominator: Tools for storing, accessing, analyzing and visualizing genomic data.

To install all packages

source("http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R")
biocLite()
biocLite(c("ShortRead", "Biostrings", "IRanges", "BSgenome", "rtracklayer", "biomaRt", "chipseq", "ChIPpeakAnno", "Rsamtools", "BayesPeak", "PICS", "GenomicRanges", "DESeq", "edgeR", "leeBamViews", "GenomicFeatures", "BSgenome.Celegans.UCSC.ce2"))

Find binding specificity information about DNA-protein complexes.

Find information about the binding specificity of DNA-binding proteins.

Predict interacting partners and binding models.

Use this web-based sequence motif visualization system to display sequence motif information in its appropriate three-dimensional (3D) context.

Protein function prediction and annotation in an integrated environment powered by web service.

Find information about protein binding.

Use to predict function from de novo protein sequences.

Search for short active protein sequences with demonstrated biological activities.

Search for ungapped segments corresponding to the most highly conserved regions of proteins.

Identify and measure surface accessible pockets as well as interior inaccessible cavities, for proteins and other molecules.

To search for catalytic residue annotation for enzymes in the Protein Data Bank.

Predict protein function using Gene Ontology.

Automatically calculate evolutionary conservation scores of key amino acid residues and map them on protein structures.

Mine the protein structure space.

Predict short linear motifs (3-8 residues) in a set of protein sequences.

A web client for visualizing protein sequence feature information using DAS.

Identify the domain architecture within a protein sequence.

Predict enzyme catalytic site.

Predict functional sites in eukaryotic proteins.

Use a collection of tools for protein analyses.

Predict potential protein post-translational modifications and find potential single amino acid substitutions in peptides.

Search for information related to the catalytic mechanisms of enzymes.

An integrated feature-based function prediction server for vertebrate proteomes.

Identify the closest matching PRINTS sequence motif fingerprints in a protein sequence.

Search for functional annotation of important sites in proteins with known structures.

Produce 3D conformations of small drug compounds.

A database presenting experiment-based results in human proteomics.

Conduct exhaustive intermediate profile searches of a set of homologous protein sequences.

Design protein mutations in site-directed mutagenesis.

Use for protein functional site identification.

Annotate protein using this integrated annotation resource.

Identify protein family (and DNA) domains, patterns, motifs, protein families, and functional sites.

Interactive forecasting of protein interaction hot spots.

Discover long patterns in protein sequences.

Database containing pairs of structural analogs and their alignments.

Find sequence patterns in DNA and protein sequences.

A web server for knowledge-based modeling of protein-peptide complexes, specifically peptides in complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and kinases.

Predict protein methylation sites.

Find structural segments or motifs for protein structures.

Find motifs in a protein sequence.

Visualize protein sequence motifs on the 3D protein structures.

Find presence of any known protein motif (Prosite and Pfam) in a protein sequence.

Recognize spatial chemical binding patterns common to a set of protein structures.

Analyze proteins for the presence of N-terminal N-myristoylation site.

Find the presence of N-Glycosylation sites in human proteins.

Find the presence of O-GalNAc (mucin type) glycosylation sites in mammalian proteins.

Analyze eukaryotic proteins for the presence of serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation sites.

Find possible kinase specific phosphorylation sites in eukaryotic proteins.

Predict cleavage sites at basic amino acid locations in neuropeptide precursor sequences.

Find information about patented nucleotide and protein sequences.

Search for information about glycoproteins with O-linked and C-linked glycosylation sites.

Find information about protein sequence annotations.

A server to predict protein active site residues.

Search for structural and functional information on the protein functional sites.

Search 3D protein fragments similar in structure to known active, binding and posttranslational modification sites.

Conduct genome wide functional and structural analysis.

Search for phosphorylation data of any protein of interest.

Search for information on prokaryotic proteins that undergo serine, threonine, or tyrosine phosphorylation.

Determine correct names for proteins.

Web application for predicting protein disorder by using physicochemical features and reduced amino acid set of a position-specific scoring matrix.

Find homologous protein-protein interactions across multiple species.

Search your query sequence against PROSITE pattern database for protein motifs.

Find information about protein-RNA complexes from the Protein Data Bank (PDB).

Search for protein fingerprints.

Identify protein families and domains for a given protein sequence.

A comprehensive database of pattern-recognition receptors and their ligands.

Search for short nucleotide or peptide sequences such as cis-elements in nucleotide sequences or small domains and motifs in protein sequences.

Database specialized in documenting human PPBD-containing proteins and PPBD-mediated interactions.

Predicts potential protease cleavage sites and sites cleaved by chemicals in a given protein sequence.

Predict combined transmembrane topology and signal peptides.

Search for eukaryotic phosphorylation sites.

Search for 3D structure and functional annotation of phosphorylation sites in proteins.

Search the database of in vivo phosphorylation sites of human and mouse proteins

Find information about polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats.

Find the presence of protein motifs and patterns in an amino acid sequence.

Predict signal peptide sequences and their cleavage positions in bacterial and eukaryotic amino acid sequences.

Predict protein functions based on known structures.

Predict the location of potential protein-protein binding sites for unbound proteins.

Identify short linear signatures in protein termini.

Analyze and identify newly obtained protein sequences.

Predict protein binding sites in a protein sequence based on geometrical analysis of protein tertiary substructures.

Search for evolutionarily conserved motif-like patterns in protein sequences.

Web-based server for analyzing and predicting RNA binding sites in proteins.

Search for similarities between proteins by simultaneous matching of multiple motifs.

Predict residues in protein sequences that determine the proteins' functional specificity.

Predict specificity-determining residues in protein families.

Find shared motifs in proteins with a common attribute.

Conduct in silico sumoylation sites prediction.

Detect protein sequence section under positive evolution selection.

Search for motifs and patterns within protein sequences.

Detect patterns, profiles and motifs in a protein sequence.

Search for motifs within proteins that are likely to be phosphorylated by specific protein kinases or bind to domains such as SH2 domains, 14-3-3 domains or PDZ domains.

Find information about populations carrying polymorphisms within protein binding pockets that make them susceptible to serious adverse drug reaction (SADR).

Search the presence of a motif in either amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.

Predict signal peptides.

Predict signal peptides and their cleavage sites.

Predict the presence of tyrosine sulfation sites in protein sequences

Look at protein structure from a ligand and binding site perspective.

Use a collection of bioinformatics tools at this portal site.

Find information about tandem repeats in proteins that carry fundamental biological functions and are related to a number of human diseases.

Find information about functional residues in alpha-helical and beta-barrel membrane proteins.

Database of domains and motifs with conservative location in transmembrane proteins.

Search for highly conserved and specific protein sequence motifs.

Predict functional sites in protein sequence alignments use different methodologies.

Find de novo protein motifs from chromatin immunoprecipitation data.

Scan query structures for functional sites in both proteins and nucleic acids.

Analyze quantitative structure-activity relationship of related protein families.

Search for ungapped alignments of highly conserved regions among a protein family or superfamily.

Predict the functional sites of proteins.

An expert system for predicting ligand-binding residues in protein structures.

Automatically identify spatially interacting motifs among distantly related proteins sharing similar folds and possessing common ancestral lineage.