<?xml version='1.0'?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" >
<channel>
	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/32950?offset=20</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/32950?offset=20" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/33917/webinar-on-leukocyte-immunobiology-helps-us-predict-post-operative-risk-using-pre-operative-markers-on-9-aug-8-am-pst</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jul 2017 08:21:50 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/33917/webinar-on-leukocyte-immunobiology-helps-us-predict-post-operative-risk-using-pre-operative-markers-on-9-aug-8-am-pst</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Webinar on Leukocyte immunobiology helps us predict post-operative risk using pre-operative markers on 9 Aug, 8 am PST]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<h2><strong><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration#registration-form">Free Live Webinar on Leukocyte immunobiology helps us predict post-operative risk using pre-operative markers on 9 Aug, 8 am PST</a></strong></h2><h2 id="Next-gen-seq"><em><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Speaker:</a></em></h2><p><strong>Mario Deng</strong><span>&nbsp;MD FACC FESC</span><br /><span>Professor of Medicine</span><br /><span>Advanced Heart Failure/Mechanical</span><br /><span>Support/Heart Transplant</span><br /><span>David Geffen School of&nbsp;</span><br /><span>Medicine at UCLA</span><br /><span>Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center</span></p><h2><em><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Abstract:</a></em></h2><div id="more-webinar"><p>Strand NGS supports a comprehensive and flexible RNA-Seq data analysis workflow consisting of Alignment, Quality Assessment, Filters, and a range of analysis and visualization options that help in studying a variety of samples and answering long-standing biological questions.</p></div><div><p>In this webinar, Dr. Deng will discuss the analysis of transcriptome, flow cytometry and cytokine data from pre-operative blood samples of advanced heart failure patients undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) surgery. He will discuss in detail the identification of prominent clinical variables, a set of transcriptome biomarkers, and their role in the context of systems biology. Finally, the application of Class Prediction algorithms in Strand NGS for identification of high-risk patients will be illustrated.</p><p>This immunobiology based study highlights the potential of machine learning techniques in clinical risk prediction and patient management, and from a clinician&rsquo; s perspective, the utility of biomarker discovery studies in helping patients make more informed decisions as a step towards personalized precision medicine.</p><p><em><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration#registration-form">Register here</a></em></p></div>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Yeshodari</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/18738/surrogate-variable-analysis-sva</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2014 08:01:58 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/18738/surrogate-variable-analysis-sva</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Surrogate Variable Analysis (SVA)]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>The sva package contains functions for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiment. Specifically, the sva package contains functions for the identifying and building surrogate variables for high-dimensional data sets. Surrogate variables are covariates constructed directly from high-dimensional data (like gene expression/RNA sequencing/methylation/brain imaging data) that can be used in subsequent analyses to adjust for unknown, unmodeled, or latent sources of noise. The sva package can be used to remove artifacts in three ways:</p><p>(1) identifying and estimating surrogate variables for unknown sources of variation in high-throughput experiments (Leek and Storey 2007 PLoS Genetics,2008 PNAS),</p><p>(2) directly removing known batch effects using ComBat (Johnson et al. 2007 Biostatistics) and</p><p>(3) removing batch effects with known control probes (Leek 2014 biorXiv).</p><p>Removing batch effects and using surrogate variables in differential expression analysis have been shown to reduce dependence, stabilize error rate estimates, and improve reproducibility, see (Leek and Storey 2007 PLoS Genetics, 2008 PNAS or Leek et al. 2011 Nat. Reviews Genetics).</p><p>More at http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/sva.html</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/37225/installing-trinity</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 03 Jul 2018 04:31:15 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/37225/installing-trinity</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Installing Trinity !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[
<p>Download this https://github.com/trinityrnaseq/trinityrnaseq/releases/tag/Trinity-v2.6.6</p>

<p>➜ cd trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6</p>

<p>➜  trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6 git:(master) ✗ make<br />Using gnu compiler for Inchworm and Chrysalis<br />cd Inchworm &amp;&amp; (test -e configure || autoreconf) \<br />                &amp;&amp; sh ./configure --prefix=`pwd`  &amp;&amp; make install<br />checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c<br />checking whether build environment is sane... yes<br />checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p<br />checking for gawk... gawk<br />checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes<br />checking for g++... g++<br />checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes<br />checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out<br />checking for suffix of executables... <br />checking whether we are cross compiling... no<br />checking for suffix of object files... o<br />checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes<br />checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes<br />checking for style of include used by make... GNU<br />checking dependency style of g++... gcc3<br />checking for library containing cos... none required<br />configure: creating ./config.status<br />config.status: creating Makefile<br />config.status: creating src/Makefile<br />config.status: creating config.h<br />config.status: config.h is unchanged<br />config.status: executing depfiles commands<br />make[1]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />Making install in src<br />make[2]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/src'<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT Fasta_entry.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/Fasta_entry.Tpo -c -o Fasta_entry.o Fasta_entry.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/Fasta_entry.Tpo .deps/Fasta_entry.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT IRKE_run.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/IRKE_run.Tpo -c -o IRKE_run.o IRKE_run.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/IRKE_run.Tpo .deps/IRKE_run.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT sequenceUtil.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/sequenceUtil.Tpo -c -o sequenceUtil.o sequenceUtil.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/sequenceUtil.Tpo .deps/sequenceUtil.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT IRKE.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/IRKE.Tpo -c -o IRKE.o IRKE.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/IRKE.Tpo .deps/IRKE.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT KmerCounter.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/KmerCounter.Tpo -c -o KmerCounter.o KmerCounter.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/KmerCounter.Tpo .deps/KmerCounter.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT string_util.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/string_util.Tpo -c -o string_util.o string_util.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/string_util.Tpo .deps/string_util.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT Fasta_reader.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/Fasta_reader.Tpo -c -o Fasta_reader.o Fasta_reader.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/Fasta_reader.Tpo .deps/Fasta_reader.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT stacktrace.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/stacktrace.Tpo -c -o stacktrace.o stacktrace.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/stacktrace.Tpo .deps/stacktrace.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT argProcessor.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/argProcessor.Tpo -c -o argProcessor.o argProcessor.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/argProcessor.Tpo .deps/argProcessor.Po<br />g++ -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o inchworm Fasta_entry.o IRKE_run.o sequenceUtil.o IRKE.o KmerCounter.o string_util.o Fasta_reader.o stacktrace.o argProcessor.o  <br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT cigar_tweaker.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/cigar_tweaker.Tpo -c -o cigar_tweaker.o cigar_tweaker.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/cigar_tweaker.Tpo .deps/cigar_tweaker.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT SAM_entry.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/SAM_entry.Tpo -c -o SAM_entry.o SAM_entry.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/SAM_entry.Tpo .deps/SAM_entry.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT SAM_reader.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/SAM_reader.Tpo -c -o SAM_reader.o SAM_reader.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/SAM_reader.Tpo .deps/SAM_reader.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT Cigar.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/Cigar.Tpo -c -o Cigar.o Cigar.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/Cigar.Tpo .deps/Cigar.Po<br />g++ -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o cigar_tweaker cigar_tweaker.o SAM_entry.o sequenceUtil.o SAM_reader.o Cigar.o string_util.o stacktrace.o Fasta_reader.o Fasta_entry.o  <br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT pull_reads_with_kmers.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/pull_reads_with_kmers.Tpo -c -o pull_reads_with_kmers.o pull_reads_with_kmers.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/pull_reads_with_kmers.Tpo .deps/pull_reads_with_kmers.Po<br />g++ -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o pull_reads_with_kmers pull_reads_with_kmers.o Fasta_reader.o Fasta_entry.o sequenceUtil.o KmerCounter.o string_util.o stacktrace.o argProcessor.o  <br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT FastaToDeBruijn.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/FastaToDeBruijn.Tpo -c -o FastaToDeBruijn.o FastaToDeBruijn.cpp<br />FastaToDeBruijn.cpp: In function ‘void createGraphPerRecord(std::vector &gt;, int, bool, ArgProcessor)’:<br />FastaToDeBruijn.cpp:199:39: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />                 if (seq_region.size() &lt; kmer_length) { continue; }  // can be e<br />                                       ^<br />mv -f .deps/FastaToDeBruijn.Tpo .deps/FastaToDeBruijn.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT DeBruijnGraph.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/DeBruijnGraph.Tpo -c -o DeBruijnGraph.o DeBruijnGraph.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/DeBruijnGraph.Tpo .deps/DeBruijnGraph.Po<br />g++ -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o FastaToDeBruijn FastaToDeBruijn.o argProcessor.o Fasta_reader.o Fasta_entry.o sequenceUtil.o string_util.o stacktrace.o DeBruijnGraph.o  <br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT fastaToKmerCoverageStats.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/fastaToKmerCoverageStats.Tpo -c -o fastaToKmerCoverageStats.o fastaToKmerCoverageStats.cpp<br />fastaToKmerCoverageStats.cpp: In function ‘void populate_kmer_counter_from_reads(KmerCounter&amp;, std::__cxx11::string&amp;)’:<br />fastaToKmerCoverageStats.cpp:226:18: warning: unused variable ‘kmer_length’ [-Wunused-variable]<br />     unsigned int kmer_length = kcounter.get_kmer_length();<br />                  ^<br />mv -f .deps/fastaToKmerCoverageStats.Tpo .deps/fastaToKmerCoverageStats.Po<br />g++ -std=c++0x -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o fastaToKmerCoverageStats fastaToKmerCoverageStats.o argProcessor.o Fasta_reader.o Fasta_entry.o sequenceUtil.o string_util.o stacktrace.o KmerCounter.o  <br />make[3]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/src'<br />test -z "/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/bin" || /bin/mkdir -p "/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/bin"<br />  /usr/bin/install -c inchworm cigar_tweaker pull_reads_with_kmers FastaToDeBruijn fastaToKmerCoverageStats '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/bin'<br />make[3]: Nothing to be done for 'install-data-am'.<br />make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/src'<br />make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm/src'<br />make[2]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />make[3]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />make[3]: Nothing to be done for 'install-exec-am'.<br />make[3]: Nothing to be done for 'install-data-am'.<br />make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Inchworm'<br />cd Chrysalis &amp;&amp; make UNSUPPORTED=yes <br />make[1]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Chrysalis'<br />./MakeDepend.cc: In member function ‘bool makefile_builder::dependency::operator&lt;(const makefile_builder::dependency&amp;) const’:<br />./MakeDepend.cc:93:47: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />                dependent_ == other.dependent_ &amp;&amp;<br />                                               ^<br />./MakeDepend.cc: In member function ‘bool makefile_builder::subdir_and_target::operator&lt;(const makefile_builder::subdir_and_target&amp;) const’:<br />./MakeDepend.cc:130:41: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />                subdir_ == other.subdir_ &amp;&amp;<br />                                         ^<br />./MakeDepend.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./MakeDepend.cc:223:20: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]<br />   char * options = "Ad:g:u:fh";<br />                    ^<br />./MakeDepend.cc: In member function ‘void makefile_builder::DumpDependencies(const string&amp;)’:<br />./MakeDepend.cc:491:46: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />       if ( ! this-&gt;FileIsSource( dependent ) &amp;&amp; ! this-&gt;FileIsHeader( dependent<br />                                              ^<br />./MakeDepend.cc:493:44: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />            this-&gt;FileIsHeader( dependent ) &amp;&amp; this-&gt;FileIsSource( provider ) ) <br />                                            ^<br />./MakeDepend.cc: In member function ‘bool makefile_builder::FileIsHeader(const string&amp;) const’:<br />./MakeDepend.cc:1339:32: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />   return ( filename.size() &gt; 2 &amp;&amp;<br />                                ^<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:04 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./aligns/KmerAlignCore.cc -o obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:06 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/AACodons.cc -o obj/analysis/AACodons.o<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:09 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/BreakTransByPairs.cc -o obj/analysis/BreakTransByPairs.o<br />./analysis/BreakTransByPairs.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/BreakTransByPairs.cc:105:14: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />   for (i=0; i &gt; DeBruijnGraph::get_candidate_weldmers(kmer_int_type_t, int)’:<br />./analysis/DeBruijnGraph.cc:473:23: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (int i = 0; i &lt; left_extensions.size(); i++) {<br />                       ^<br />./analysis/DeBruijnGraph.cc:476:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (int j = 0; j &lt; right_extensions.size(); j++) {<br />                           ^<br />./analysis/DeBruijnGraph.cc: In member function ‘void DeBruijnGraph::recursively_construct_kmer_extensions(kmer_int_type_t, std::vector&amp;, std::vector &gt;&amp;, char, std::map&amp;, int)’:<br />./analysis/DeBruijnGraph.cc:513:23: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (int i = 0; i &lt; adjacent_kmers.size(); i++) {<br />                       ^<br />./analysis/DeBruijnGraph.cc:527:41: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         if (kmer_extension_chars.size() == flank_extension_length) {<br />                                         ^<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:30 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/sequenceUtil.cc -o obj/analysis/sequenceUtil.o<br />./analysis/sequenceUtil.cc: In function ‘bool contains_non_gatc(std::__cxx11::string)’:<br />./analysis/sequenceUtil.cc:33:20: warning: array subscript has type ‘char’ [-Wchar-subscripts]<br />  if (_base_to_int[c] &gt; 3)<br />                    ^<br />./analysis/sequenceUtil.cc: In function ‘kmer_int_type_t kmer_to_intval(std::__cxx11::string)’:<br />./analysis/sequenceUtil.cc:264:26: warning: array subscript has type ‘char’ [-Wchar-subscripts]<br />  int val = _base_to_int[c];<br />                          ^<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:31 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/stacktrace.cc -o obj/analysis/stacktrace.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_BubbleUpClustering_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_BubbleUpClustering_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/BubbleUpClustering.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/DeBruijnGraph.o obj/analysis/KmerTable.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/analysis/sequenceUtil.o obj/analysis/stacktrace.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./BubbleUpClustering<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./BubbleUpClustering  obj/analysis/BubbleUpClustering.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_BubbleUpClustering_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_BubbleUpClustering_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:32 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/Chrysalis.cc -o obj/analysis/Chrysalis.o<br />./analysis/Chrysalis.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/Chrysalis.cc:384:28: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int system(const char*)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]<br />     system(command.c_str());<br />                            ^<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:35 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/TranscriptomeGraph.cc -o obj/analysis/TranscriptomeGraph.o<br />./analysis/TranscriptomeGraph.cc: In function ‘int TranscriptomeGraph(vecDNAVector&amp;, FILE*, int, bool)’:<br />./analysis/TranscriptomeGraph.cc:668:20: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (i=0; i&lt;=d.isize()-k; i++) {<br />                    ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_Chrysalis_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_Chrysalis_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/Chrysalis.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/TranscriptomeGraph.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./Chrysalis<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./Chrysalis  obj/analysis/Chrysalis.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_Chrysalis_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_Chrysalis_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:39 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/CreateIwormFastaBundle.cc -o obj/analysis/CreateIwormFastaBundle.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_CreateIwormFastaBundle_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_CreateIwormFastaBundle_temp.a obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/CreateIwormFastaBundle.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./CreateIwormFastaBundle<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./CreateIwormFastaBundle  obj/analysis/CreateIwormFastaBundle.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_CreateIwormFastaBundle_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_CreateIwormFastaBundle_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:42 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc -o obj/analysis/GraphFromFasta.o<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc: In function ‘bool SimpleHalves(const DNAVector&amp;)’:<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc:255:15: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&amp;&amp;’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]<br />               &amp;&amp; <br />               ^<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc: In function ‘void report_iworm_graph(std::map&lt;int, Pool&gt;&amp;, std::map&amp;)’:<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc:631:31: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />             for (int j = 0; j &lt; adjacent_nodes.size(); j++) {<br />                               ^<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/GraphFromFasta.cc:1164:30: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (i=0; i bubble_up_cluster_growth(std::map&amp;, std::map&amp;)’:<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:706:23: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (int i = 0; i &lt; pool_vec.size(); i++) {<br />                       ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:727:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (int i = 0; i &lt; pool_vec.size(); i++) {<br />                           ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:834:23: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (int i = 0; i &lt; pool_vec.size(); i++) {<br />                       ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc: In function ‘void add_unclustered_iworm_contigs(svec&amp;, vecDNAVector&amp;)’:<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:1144:30: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (size_t i = 0; i &lt; p.size(); i++) {<br />                              ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:1453:60: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />             if (iworm_counter % 1000 == 0 || iworm_counter == dna.size()-1) {<br />                                                            ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:1458:24: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />             for (j=0; j&lt;=d.isize()-k; j++) {<br />                        ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:1479:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />                     if (c == i)<br />                           ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:1503:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />                     if (c == i)<br />                           ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2235:24: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />             for (j=0; j&lt;=d.isize()-k; j++) {<br />                        ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2264:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />                     if (c == i) {<br />                           ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2359:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />                     if (c == i) {<br />                           ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2475:16: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (i=0; i&lt;clustered_pools.isize(); i++) {<br />                ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2483:30: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (size_t j = 0; j &lt; p.size(); j++) {<br />                              ^<br />./GraphFromFasta_MPI.cc:2496:30: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />         for (size_t j = 0; j &lt; p.size(); j++) {<br />                              ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_GraphFromFasta_MPI_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_GraphFromFasta_MPI_temp.a obj/GraphFromFasta_MPI.o obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/DeBruijnGraph.o obj/analysis/KmerTable.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/analysis/sequenceUtil.o obj/analysis/stacktrace.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./GraphFromFasta_MPI<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./GraphFromFasta_MPI  obj/GraphFromFasta_MPI.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_GraphFromFasta_MPI_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_GraphFromFasta_MPI_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:53 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/IsoformAugment.cc -o obj/analysis/IsoformAugment.o<br />./analysis/IsoformAugment.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/IsoformAugment.cc:87:16: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (j=0; j&lt;matchesLeft.isize(); j++) {<br />                ^<br />./analysis/IsoformAugment.cc:122:16: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (j=0; j&lt;matches.isize(); j++) {<br />                ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_IsoformAugment_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_IsoformAugment_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/IsoformAugment.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./IsoformAugment<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./IsoformAugment  obj/analysis/IsoformAugment.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_IsoformAugment_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_IsoformAugment_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:27:56 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/JoinTransByPairs.cc -o obj/analysis/JoinTransByPairs.o<br />./analysis/JoinTransByPairs.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/JoinTransByPairs.cc:293:14: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />   for (i=0; i&lt;dna.size(); i++) {<br />              ^<br />./analysis/JoinTransByPairs.cc:341:14: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />   for (i=0; i&lt;dna.size(); i++) {<br />              ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_JoinTransByPairs_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_JoinTransByPairs_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/JoinTransByPairs.o obj/analysis/KmerTable.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./JoinTransByPairs<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./JoinTransByPairs  obj/analysis/JoinTransByPairs.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_JoinTransByPairs_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_JoinTransByPairs_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:00 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/QuantifyGraph.cc -o obj/analysis/QuantifyGraph.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_QuantifyGraph_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_QuantifyGraph_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/KmerTable.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/analysis/QuantifyGraph.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./QuantifyGraph<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./QuantifyGraph  obj/analysis/QuantifyGraph.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_QuantifyGraph_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_QuantifyGraph_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:03 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/ReadsToTranscripts.cc -o obj/analysis/ReadsToTranscripts.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_ReadsToTranscripts_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_ReadsToTranscripts_temp.a obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/analysis/ReadsToTranscripts.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./ReadsToTranscripts<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./ReadsToTranscripts  obj/analysis/ReadsToTranscripts.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_ReadsToTranscripts_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_ReadsToTranscripts_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:09 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI.cc -o obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_temp.a obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI  obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:14 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang.cc -o obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang.o<br />/bin/rm -f lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang_temp.a obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang  obj/ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_ReadsToTranscripts_MPI_chang_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:18 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/RunButterfly.cc -o obj/analysis/RunButterfly.o<br />./analysis/RunButterfly.cc: In member function ‘void JobControl::ClearFiles()’:<br />./analysis/RunButterfly.cc:107:25: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int system(const char*)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]<br />       system(rm.c_str());<br />                         ^<br />./analysis/RunButterfly.cc: In member function ‘void JobControl::Submit()’:<br />./analysis/RunButterfly.cc:77:27: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int system(const char*)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]<br />    system(theCmmd.c_str());<br />                           ^<br />./analysis/RunButterfly.cc:85:27: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int system(const char*)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]<br />    system(theCmmd.c_str());   <br />                           ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_RunButterfly_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_RunButterfly_temp.a obj/analysis/RunButterfly.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./RunButterfly<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./RunButterfly  obj/analysis/RunButterfly.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_RunButterfly_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_RunButterfly_temp.a<br />g++  -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-deprecated -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -fno-nonansi-builtins -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wsign-promo -Woverloaded-virtual -Wendif-labels  -O3  -ggdb3 -DMAKE_DATE='"Die Jul  3 11:28:23 CEST 2018  "' -DMAKE_OS_RELEASE='"4.4.0-128-generic"' -DMAKE_RELEASE='"3.0"' -DNEW_MAKEFILE -imacros system/BigFileDefines.h -pthread  -ftemplate-depth-30 -fno-strict-aliasing -mieee-fp -iquote . -ISpines   -fopenmp        -c ./analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.cc -o obj/analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.o<br />./analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:<br />./analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.cc:216:16: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />     for (j=0; j&lt;=d.lsize()-k; j++) {<br />                ^<br />./analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.cc:218:22: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]<br />       for (int x=j; x&lt;j+k; x++) {<br />                      ^<br />/bin/rm -f lib_TranscriptomeFromVaryK_temp.a<br />ar -qc  lib_TranscriptomeFromVaryK_temp.a obj/aligns/KmerAlignCore.o obj/analysis/AACodons.o obj/analysis/DNAVector.o obj/analysis/KmerTable.o obj/analysis/NonRedKmerTable.o obj/analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.o obj/base/ErrorHandling.o obj/base/FileParser.o obj/base/StringUtil.o obj/util/mutil.o<br />./checkLock ./TranscriptomeFromVaryK<br />g++ -ggdb3    -fopenmp  -o ./TranscriptomeFromVaryK  obj/analysis/TranscriptomeFromVaryK.o -L. -lm -pthread     -l_TranscriptomeFromVaryK_temp<br />/bin/rm lib_TranscriptomeFromVaryK_temp.a<br />make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/Chrysalis'<br />cd trinity-plugins &amp;&amp; make trinity_essentials<br />make[1]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins'<br />tar xvf seqtk-trinity.v0.0.2.tar.gz<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/.gitignore<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/LICENSE<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/Makefile<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/README.md<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/khash.h<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/kseq.h<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/seqtk.c<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/testing/<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/testing/newformat_1.fq<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/testing/newformat_2.fq<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/testing/oldformat_1.fq<br />seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/testing/oldformat_2.fq<br />cd seqtk-trinity-0.0.2 &amp;&amp; make<br />make[2]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/seqtk-trinity-0.0.2'<br />gcc -g -Wall -O2 -Wno-unused-function seqtk.c -o seqtk-trinity -lz -lm<br />seqtk.c: In function ‘stk_comp’:<br />seqtk.c:444:16: warning: variable ‘lc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]<br />    int la, lb, lc, na, nb, nc, cnt[11];<br />                ^<br />make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/seqtk-trinity-0.0.2'<br />mv seqtk-trinity-0.0.2/seqtk-trinity ./BIN/.<br />tar -zxvf "ParaFly-0.1.0".tar.gz &amp;&amp; \<br />cd "ParaFly-0.1.0" &amp;&amp; sh ./configure --prefix=`pwd` &amp;&amp; make install &amp;&amp; \<br />cp bin/ParaFly ../BIN/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/LICENSE<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/Makefile<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/Makefile.am<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/Makefile.in<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/README.md<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/aclocal.m4<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/bin/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/bin/ParaFly<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/config.h<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/config.h.in<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/config.log<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/config.status<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/configure<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/configure.ac<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/depcomp<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/install-sh<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/missing<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/.deps/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/.deps/ParaFly.Po<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/.deps/argProcessor.Po<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/Makefile<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/Makefile.am<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/Makefile.in<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/ParaFly.cpp<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/argProcessor.cpp<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/src/argProcessor.hpp<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/stamp-h1<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/test/<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/test/Makefile<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/test/cmds.txt<br />ParaFly-0.1.0/test/rand_exit.pl<br />checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c<br />checking whether build environment is sane... yes<br />checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p<br />checking for gawk... gawk<br />checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes<br />checking for g++... g++<br />checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out<br />checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes<br />checking whether we are cross compiling... no<br />checking for suffix of executables... <br />checking for suffix of object files... o<br />checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes<br />checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes<br />checking for style of include used by make... GNU<br />checking dependency style of g++... gcc3<br />checking for library containing cos... none required<br />configure: creating ./config.status<br />config.status: creating Makefile<br />config.status: creating src/Makefile<br />config.status: creating config.h<br />config.status: config.h is unchanged<br />config.status: executing depfiles commands<br />make[2]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />Making install in src<br />make[3]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/src'<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-long-long -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT ParaFly.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/ParaFly.Tpo -c -o ParaFly.o ParaFly.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/ParaFly.Tpo .deps/ParaFly.Po<br />g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-long-long -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT argProcessor.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/argProcessor.Tpo -c -o argProcessor.o argProcessor.cpp<br />mv -f .deps/argProcessor.Tpo .deps/argProcessor.Po<br />g++ -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-long-long -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2   -o ParaFly ParaFly.o argProcessor.o  <br />make[4]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/src'<br />test -z "/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/bin" || /bin/mkdir -p "/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/bin"<br />  /usr/bin/install -c ParaFly '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/bin'<br />make[4]: Nothing to be done for 'install-data-am'.<br />make[4]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/src'<br />make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0/src'<br />make[3]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />make[4]: Entering directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />make[4]: Nothing to be done for 'install-exec-am'.<br />make[4]: Nothing to be done for 'install-data-am'.<br />make[4]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins/ParaFly-0.1.0'<br />ln -sf Trimmomatic-0.36 Trimmomatic<br />make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity-plugins'<br />sh ./util/support_scripts/trinity_install_tests.sh<br />~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</p>

<p>Performing Unit Tests of Build<br /> <br />~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<br />Inchworm:                has been Installed Properly<br />Chrysalis:               has been Installed Properly<br />QuantifyGraph:           has been Installed Properly<br />GraphFromFasta:          has been Installed Properly<br />ReadsToTranscripts:      has been Installed Properly<br />parafly:                 has been Installed Properly<br />➜  trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6 git:(master) ✗<br />➜  trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6 git:(master) ✗ ./Trinity</p>

<p>###############################################################################<br />#</p>

<p>     ______  ____   ____  ____   ____  ______  __ __<br />    |      ||    \ |    ||    \ |    ||      ||  |  |<br />    |      ||  D  ) |  | |  _  | |  | |      ||  |  |<br />    |_|  |_||    /  |  | |  |  | |  | |_|  |_||  ~  |<br />      |  |  |    \  |  | |  |  | |  |   |  |  |___, |<br />      |  |  |  .  \ |  | |  |  | |  |   |  |  |     |<br />      |__|  |__|\_||____||__|__||____|  |__|  |____/</p>

<p>#<br />#<br /># Required:<br />#<br />#  --seqType &lt;string&gt;      :type of reads: ('fa' or 'fq')<br />#<br />#  --max_memory       :suggested max memory to use by Trinity where limiting can be enabled. (jellyfish, sorting, etc)<br />#                            provided in Gb of RAM, ie.  '--max_memory 10G'<br />#<br />#  If paired reads:<br />#      --left      :left reads, one or more file names (separated by commas, no spaces)<br />#      --right     :right reads, one or more file names (separated by commas, no spaces)<br />#<br />#  Or, if unpaired reads:<br />#      --single    :single reads, one or more file names, comma-delimited (note, if single file contains pairs, can use flag: --run_as_paired )<br />#<br />#  Or,<br />#      --samples_file          tab-delimited text file indicating biological replicate relationships.<br />#                                   ex.<br />#                                        cond_A    cond_A_rep1    A_rep1_left.fq    A_rep1_right.fq<br />#                                        cond_A    cond_A_rep2    A_rep2_left.fq    A_rep2_right.fq<br />#                                        cond_B    cond_B_rep1    B_rep1_left.fq    B_rep1_right.fq<br />#                                        cond_B    cond_B_rep2    B_rep2_left.fq    B_rep2_right.fq<br />#<br />#                      # if single-end instead of paired-end, then leave the 4th column above empty.<br />#<br />####################################<br />##  Misc:  #########################<br />#<br />#  --SS_lib_type           :Strand-specific RNA-Seq read orientation.<br />#                                   if paired: RF or FR,<br />#                                   if single: F or R.   (dUTP method = RF)<br />#                                   See web documentation.<br />#<br />#  --CPU                      :number of CPUs to use, default: 2<br />#  --min_contig_length        :minimum assembled contig length to report<br />#                                   (def=200)<br />#<br />#  --long_reads            :fasta file containing error-corrected or circular consensus (CCS) pac bio reads<br />#                                   (** note: experimental parameter **, this functionality continues to be under development)<br />#<br />#  --genome_guided_bam     :genome guided mode, provide path to coordinate-sorted bam file.<br />#                                   (see genome-guided param section under --show_full_usage_info)<br />#<br />#  --jaccard_clip                  :option, set if you have paired reads and<br />#                                   you expect high gene density with UTR<br />#                                   overlap (use FASTQ input file format<br />#                                   for reads).<br />#                                   (note: jaccard_clip is an expensive<br />#                                   operation, so avoid using it unless<br />#                                   necessary due to finding excessive fusion<br />#                                   transcripts w/o it.)<br />#<br />#  --trimmomatic                   :run Trimmomatic to quality trim reads<br />#                                        see '--quality_trimming_params' under full usage info for tailored settings.<br />#                                  <br />#<br />#  --no_normalize_reads            :Do *not* run in silico normalization of reads. Defaults to max. read coverage of 50.<br />#                                       see '--normalize_max_read_cov' under full usage info for tailored settings.<br />#                                       (note, as of Sept 21, 2016, normalization is on by default)<br />#     <br />#  --no_distributed_trinity_exec   :do not run Trinity phase 2 (assembly of partitioned reads), and stop after generating command list.<br />#<br />#<br />#  --output                :name of directory for output (will be<br />#                                   created if it doesn't already exist)<br />#                                   default( your current working directory: "/home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/trinity_out_dir" <br />#                                    note: must include 'trinity' in the name as a safety precaution! )<br />#             <br />#  --workdir               :where Trinity phase-2 assembly computation takes place (defaults to --output setting).<br />#                                  (can set this to a node-local drive or RAM disk)     <br />#  <br />#  --full_cleanup                  :only retain the Trinity fasta file, rename as ${output_dir}.Trinity.fasta<br />#<br />#  --cite                          :show the Trinity literature citation<br />#<br />#  --verbose                       :provide additional job status info during the run.<br />#<br />#  --version                       :reports Trinity version (Trinity-v2.6.6) and exits.<br />#<br />#  --show_full_usage_info          :show the many many more options available for running Trinity (expert usage).<br />#<br />#<br />###############################################################################<br />#<br />#  *Note, a typical Trinity command might be:<br />#<br />#        Trinity --seqType fq --max_memory 50G --left reads_1.fq  --right reads_2.fq --CPU 6<br />#<br />#<br />#    and for Genome-guided Trinity:<br />#<br />#        Trinity --genome_guided_bam rnaseq_alignments.csorted.bam --max_memory 50G<br />#                --genome_guided_max_intron 10000 --CPU 6<br />#<br />#     see: /home/urbe/Tools/trinityrnaseq-Trinity-v2.6.6/sample_data/test_Trinity_Assembly/<br />#          for sample data and 'runMe.sh' for example Trinity execution<br />#<br />#     For more details, visit: http://trinityrnaseq.github.io<br />#<br />###############################################################################</p>
]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40889/rcorrector-efficient-and-accurate-error-correction-for-illumina-rna-seq-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 04 Feb 2020 23:23:16 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40889/rcorrector-efficient-and-accurate-error-correction-for-illumina-rna-seq-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Rcorrector: efficient and accurate error correction for Illumina RNA-seq reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>Rcorrector has an accuracy higher than or comparable to existing methods, including the only other method (SEECER) designed for RNA-seq reads, and is more time and memory efficient. With a 5 GB memory footprint for 100 million reads, it can be run on virtually any desktop or server. The software is available free of charge under the GNU General Public License from&nbsp;</span><a href="https://github.com/mourisl/Rcorrector/" target="_blank">https://github.com/mourisl/Rcorrector/</a><span>.</span></p>
<pre><code>Usage: perl run_rcorrector.pl [OPTIONS]
OPTIONS:
	Required
	-s seq_files: comma separated files for single-end data sets
	-1 seq_files_left: comma separated files for the first mate in the paried-end data sets
	-2 seq_files_right: comma separated files for the second mate in the paired-end data sets
	-i seq_files_interleaved: comma sperated files for interleaved paired-end data sets
	Optional
	-k INT: kmer_length (&lt;=32, default: 23)
	-od STRING: output_file_directory (default: ./)
	-t INT: number of threads to use (default: 1)
	-trim : allow trimming (default: false)
	-maxcorK INT: the maximum number of correction within k-bp window (default: 4)
	-wk FLOAT: the proportion of kmers that are used to estimate weak kmer count threshold, lower for more divergent genome (default: 0.95)
	-ek INT: expected number of kmers; does not affect the correctness of program but affects the memory usage (default: 100000000)
	-stdout: output the corrected reads to stdout (default: not used)
	-verbose: output some correction information to stdout (default: not used)
	-stage INT: start from which stage (default: 0)
		0-start from begining(storing kmers in bloom filter) ;
		1-start from count kmers showed up in bloom filter;
		2-start from dumping kmer counts into a jf_dump file;
		3-start from error correction.</code></pre><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/mourisl/Rcorrector/" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/mourisl/Rcorrector/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/9032/encode-sequencing-data-freely-available-to-download-and-use-for-academic-means</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 13 Mar 2014 18:18:08 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/9032/encode-sequencing-data-freely-available-to-download-and-use-for-academic-means</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Encode sequencing data freely available to download and use for academic means]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>In <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Encode</strong></span>,&nbsp;<span>regulatory elements investigated via DNA hypersensitivity assays, assays of DNA methylation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of proteins that interact with DNA, including modified histones and transcription factors, followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq).</span></p>
<p><span>More information:</span></p>
<p><span>https://genome.ucsc.edu/ENCODE/pilot.html</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/ENCODE/" rel="nofollow">https://genome.ucsc.edu/ENCODE/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Agarwal</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19090/deeptools</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 08 Nov 2014 15:02:08 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/19090/deeptools</link>
	<title><![CDATA[deepTools]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>deepTools addresses the challenge of handling the large amounts of data that are now routinely generated from DNA sequencing centers. To do so, deepTools contains useful modules to process the mapped reads data to create coverage files in standard bedGraph and bigWig file formats. By doing so, deepTools allows the creation of normalized coverage files or the comparison between two files (for example, treatment and control). Finally, using such normalized and standardized files, multiple visualizations can be created to identify enrichments with functional annotations of the genome.<br /><br />Publicaton: http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/05/05/nar.gku365.full<br /><br />Source Code and Wiki: https://github.com/fidelram/deepTools/wiki<br /><br />Galaxy Tool Shed repository: http://toolshed.g2.bx.psu.edu/view/bgruening/deeptools<br /><br />and example Galaxy workflows: http://toolshed.g2.bx.psu.edu/view/bgruening/deeptools_workflows</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Martin Jones</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/29407/live-webinar-on-rna-seq-data-analysis-on-9-nov-2016</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 19 Oct 2016 05:25:27 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/29407/live-webinar-on-rna-seq-data-analysis-on-9-nov-2016</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Live Webinar on RNA-Seq Data Analysis on 9 Nov 2016]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><strong><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Live Webinar on RNA-Seq Data Analysis</a></strong></p><p><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Abstract: </a>Strand NGS supports an extensive workflow for the analysis and visualization of RNA-Seq data. The workflow includes Transcriptome / Genome alignment, Differential expression analysis with Statistical approach and Splicing events detection. Strand NGS also supports novel discovery like identification of novel genes, exons and Novel splice junctions, alongside it can also detect gene fusion events. Further downstream analysis such as GO and pathway analysis can be performed on the set of interesting genes. The product has an option to create pipelines for time consuming jobs which automates analysis and leaves more time for end data interpretation. This webinar will give an overview of the features in the RNA-Seq data analysis workflow in Strand NGS and also highlights on parameters within each feature that can be optimized depending on datasets and analysis needs.</p><p><a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Speaker:</a> Mr. Sugandan Sivamani, Senior Application Scientist, Strand Life Sciences</p><p>Date: 9th Nov, <a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Session 1</a> for SAPK/ APFO: 2:30 PM IST Date: 9th Nov, <a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">Session 2</a> for AFO/ EMEA: 9:00 AM PST</p><p>Register here <a href="http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration">http://www.strand-ngs.com/webinar_registration</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Strand</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/38623/kallisto-a-program-for-quantifying-abundances-of-transcripts-from-bulk-and-single-cell-rna-seq-data</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 07 Jan 2019 10:35:14 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/38623/kallisto-a-program-for-quantifying-abundances-of-transcripts-from-bulk-and-single-cell-rna-seq-data</link>
	<title><![CDATA[kallisto: a program for quantifying abundances of transcripts from bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq data]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><strong>kallisto</strong>&nbsp;is a program for quantifying abundances of transcripts from bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq data, or more generally of target sequences using high-throughput sequencing reads. It is based on the novel idea of&nbsp;<em>pseudoalignment</em>&nbsp;for rapidly determining the compatibility of reads with targets, without the need for alignment. On benchmarks with standard RNA-Seq data,&nbsp;<strong>kallisto</strong>&nbsp;can quantify 30 million human reads in less than 3 minutes on a Mac desktop computer using only the read sequences and a transcriptome index that itself takes less than 10 minutes to build. Pseudoalignment of reads preserves the key information needed for quantification, and&nbsp;<strong>kallisto</strong>&nbsp;is therefore not only fast, but also as accurate as existing quantification tools. In fact, because the pseudoalignment procedure is robust to errors in the reads, in many benchmarks&nbsp;<strong>kallisto</strong>&nbsp;significantly outperforms existing tools.&nbsp;<strong>kallisto</strong>&nbsp;is described in detail in:</p>
<p>Nicolas L Bray, Harold Pimentel, P&aacute;ll Melsted and Lior Pachter,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n5/full/nbt.3519.html">Near-optimal probabilistic RNA-seq quantification</a>, Nature Biotechnology&nbsp;<strong>34</strong>, 525&ndash;527 (2016), doi:10.1038/nbt.3519</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://pachterlab.github.io/kallisto/about" rel="nofollow">https://pachterlab.github.io/kallisto/about</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44707/rna-seq-analysis-a-guide-for-bioinformaticians</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 07 Dec 2024 22:22:24 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44707/rna-seq-analysis-a-guide-for-bioinformaticians</link>
	<title><![CDATA[RNA-Seq Analysis: A Guide for Bioinformaticians]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has revolutionized transcriptomics, offering unprecedented insights into gene expression, splicing, and transcript diversity. For bioinformaticians, RNA-Seq analysis is a gateway to exploring the complexity of RNA biology and its implications in health and disease. This blog post provides an overview of RNA-Seq analysis, key computational steps, and tools for bioinformaticians eager to delve into this powerful technique.</p><h3>What is RNA-Seq?</h3><p>RNA-Seq is a next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology used to study the transcriptome&mdash;the complete set of RNA molecules in a cell. It quantifies gene expression, detects novel transcripts, and captures alternative splicing events with high sensitivity and resolution.</p><h3>Workflow for RNA-Seq Analysis</h3><p>RNA-Seq analysis involves several stages, each requiring computational tools and expertise.</p><h4>1. <strong>Experimental Design and Data Acquisition</strong></h4><p>Before diving into analysis, bioinformaticians should consider:</p><ul>
<li><strong>Biological Replicates</strong>: Ensure statistical power to detect meaningful differences.</li>
<li><strong>Sequencing Depth</strong>: Align sequencing depth to study objectives (e.g., higher depth for low-abundance transcripts).</li>
<li><strong>Paired-End vs. Single-End</strong>: Paired-end sequencing provides more detailed information on transcript structure.</li>
</ul><p>Once sequencing is complete, raw data is provided in FASTQ format, containing sequence reads and quality scores.</p><h4>2. <strong>Quality Control and Preprocessing</strong></h4><p>Quality control (QC) ensures data integrity. Tools such as <strong>FastQC</strong> evaluate metrics like base quality, GC content, and adapter contamination.</p><p><strong>Preprocessing Steps</strong>:</p><ul>
<li><strong>Trimming</strong>: Tools like <strong>Trimmomatic</strong> or <strong>Cutadapt</strong> remove low-quality bases and adapter sequences.</li>
<li><strong>Filtering</strong>: Discard reads below a certain quality threshold or length.</li>
</ul><h4>3. <strong>Read Alignment</strong></h4><p>Reads are mapped to a reference genome or transcriptome to determine their origin. Alignment tools include:</p><ul>
<li><strong>HISAT2</strong>: Handles large genomes efficiently and supports spliced alignments.</li>
<li><strong>STAR</strong>: High-speed aligner optimized for RNA-Seq.</li>
<li><strong>Bowtie2</strong>: Suitable for short-read alignment.</li>
</ul><p><strong>Output</strong>: A SAM/BAM file containing aligned reads.</p><h4>4. <strong>Transcript Assembly and Quantification</strong></h4><p>This step involves identifying transcripts and quantifying their expression levels. Tools used include:</p><ul>
<li><strong>StringTie</strong>: Assembles and quantifies transcripts from aligned reads.</li>
<li><strong>Salmon/Kallisto</strong>: Perform pseudo-alignment for rapid and accurate quantification.</li>
</ul><p>Expression levels are typically measured as TPM (transcripts per million) or FPKM (fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads).</p><h4>5. <strong>Differential Expression Analysis</strong></h4><p>To identify genes with altered expression between conditions, bioinformaticians use tools such as:</p><ul>
<li><strong>DESeq2</strong>: Accounts for data normalization and variability.</li>
<li><strong>edgeR</strong>: Handles overdispersed count data efficiently.</li>
<li><strong>Limma-voom</strong>: Combines linear modeling with RNA-Seq count data.</li>
</ul><p>The output includes a list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with statistical significance and fold-change values.</p><h4>6. <strong>Functional Annotation and Pathway Analysis</strong></h4><p>Understanding the biological significance of DEGs involves:</p><ul>
<li><strong>Gene Ontology (GO) Analysis</strong>: Tools like <strong>DAVID</strong> or <strong>clusterProfiler</strong> categorize genes based on their biological functions.</li>
<li><strong>Pathway Enrichment Analysis</strong>: Identifies pathways enriched in DEGs using tools like <strong>KEGG</strong>, <strong>Reactome</strong>, or <strong>GSEA</strong>.</li>
</ul><h4>7. <strong>Visualization</strong></h4><p>Visualizing results enhances interpretability. Common visualizations include:</p><ul>
<li><strong>Heatmaps</strong>: Show expression patterns across samples (e.g., <strong>pheatmap</strong>).</li>
<li><strong>Volcano Plots</strong>: Highlight significant DEGs (e.g., <strong>ggplot2</strong>).</li>
<li><strong>PCA/UMAP</strong>: Assess sample clustering and variability (e.g., <strong>Seurat</strong>).</li>
</ul><h3>Challenges in RNA-Seq Analysis</h3><ol>
<li><strong>Batch Effects</strong>: Technical variability can confound biological signals. Combat this with normalization techniques or batch-correction tools like <strong>ComBat</strong>.</li>
<li><strong>Low-Quality Samples</strong>: Poor-quality RNA impacts downstream analyses.</li>
<li><strong>Computational Complexity</strong>: RNA-Seq generates massive datasets, requiring robust computing resources and optimized pipelines.</li>
</ol><h3>Key Tools and Resources</h3><ul>
<li><strong>Bioconductor</strong>: A treasure trove of R packages for RNA-Seq analysis.</li>
<li><strong>Galaxy</strong>: A web-based platform for running RNA-Seq workflows.</li>
<li><strong>Nextflow/Snakemake</strong>: Workflow management tools to streamline analyses.</li>
</ul><h3>Applications of RNA-Seq</h3><p>RNA-Seq is used in diverse research areas, including:</p><ul>
<li><strong>Cancer Transcriptomics</strong>: Identifying tumor-specific expression profiles.</li>
<li><strong>Developmental Biology</strong>: Studying dynamic transcriptome changes.</li>
<li><strong>Drug Discovery</strong>: Screening genes modulated by therapeutic compounds.</li>
</ul><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>RNA-Seq analysis is a cornerstone of modern transcriptomics, offering bioinformaticians a versatile toolkit for unraveling gene expression and regulation. Mastering RNA-Seq workflows and tools empowers researchers to transform raw sequencing data into biological discoveries.</p><p>Whether you&rsquo;re investigating disease mechanisms, exploring cellular pathways, or developing new therapeutics, RNA-Seq is a powerful ally in your bioinformatics arsenal.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>LEGE</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/35437/dupradar-package</guid>
	<pubDate>Sun, 04 Feb 2018 14:28:57 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/35437/dupradar-package</link>
	<title><![CDATA[dupRadar package]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>The&nbsp;</span><em>dupRadar</em><span>&nbsp;package gives an insight into the duplication problem by graphically relating the gene expression level and the duplication rate present on it. Thus, failed experiments can be easily identified at a glance</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.7/bioc/vignettes/dupRadar/inst/doc/dupRadar.html" rel="nofollow">https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.7/bioc/vignettes/dupRadar/inst/doc/dupRadar.html</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>

</channel>
</rss>