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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/34292?offset=60</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/34292?offset=60" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39875/lrsday-long-read-sequencing-data-analysis-for-yeasts</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 26 Aug 2019 18:07:33 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/39875/lrsday-long-read-sequencing-data-analysis-for-yeasts</link>
	<title><![CDATA[LRSDAY: Long-read Sequencing Data Analysis for Yeasts]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>Long-read sequencing technologies have become increasingly popular in genome projects due to their strengths in resolving complex genomic regions. As a leading model organism with small genome size and great biotechnological importance, the budding yeast,&nbsp;</span><em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em><span>, has many isolates currently being sequenced with long reads.&nbsp;</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/yjx1217/LRSDAY" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/yjx1217/LRSDAY</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Poonam Mahapatra</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/42324/comparative-genomics-data-set-including-240-mammals-released</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 19 Nov 2020 06:45:39 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/42324/comparative-genomics-data-set-including-240-mammals-released</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Comparative Genomics Data Set Including 240 Mammals Released !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>The genome of 130 mammals was sequenced by a large international consortium and the data was analyzed together with 110 existing genomes to allow scientists to identify the important positions in the DNA. This report, published in Nature today will help advance research on human disease mutations and inform how best to protect endangered species.</p><p>In addition to the knowledge of the human genome, all these genomes, widely sampled across mammals, can be used to research how particular organisms respond to different conditions. Some otters, for example, have a thick, water-resistant shell, and some rodents, but not all, have adapted to hibernation. These animal traits will help us to understand human traits, such as metabolic diseases.</p><p><img src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41586-020-2876-6/MediaObjects/41586_2020_2876_Fig1_HTML.png?as=webp" alt="image" style="border: 0px; border: 0px;"></p><p>With climate change and more animal ecosystems being threatened by human activity, the protection of endangered species is becoming increasingly important. Scientists have historically researched several people in various populations of a species to understand the genetic variation that occurs in that species. This is important for understanding how particular species can be protected. In this study, animals on the Red List of Endangered Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature had fewer differences in their genomes, which is consistent with their endangered status.</p><p>Ref @&nbsp;A comparative genomics multitool for scientific discovery and conservation&nbsp;https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2876-6</p><p>&nbsp;Data at&nbsp;http://zoonomiaproject.org/</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/44545/amr-database</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 04 Jun 2024 13:37:21 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/44545/amr-database</link>
	<title><![CDATA[AMR Database !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.mediterranee-infection.com/article.php?laref=283%26titre=arg-annot">ARG-ANNOT</a>. PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24145532">24145532</a></li>
<li><a href="https://card.mcmaster.ca/">CARD</a>. PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23650175">23650175</a></li>
<li><a href="https://megares.meglab.org/">MEGARes</a>&nbsp;PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27899569">27899569</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/isolates#/refgene/">NCBI</a>&nbsp;BioProject:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJNA313047">PRJNA313047</a></li>
<li><a href="https://cge.cbs.dtu.dk/services/PlasmidFinder/">plasmidfinder</a>&nbsp;PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24777092">24777092</a></li>
<li><a href="https://cge.cbs.dtu.dk//services/ResFinder/">resfinder</a>. PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22782487">22782487</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.mgc.ac.cn/VFs/">VFDB</a>. PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26578559">26578559</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/katholt/srst2">SRST2</a>'s version of ARG-ANNOT. PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25422674">25422674</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://cge.cbs.dtu.dk/services/VirulenceFinder/">VirulenceFinder</a>&nbsp;PMID:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24574290">24574290</a>.</li>
</ul><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/sanger-pathogens/ariba/wiki/Task%3A-getref" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/sanger-pathogens/ariba/wiki/Task%3A-getref</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>LEGE</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44852/what-is-data-science-%E2%80%94-a-bioinformatics-perspective</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 16 Jun 2025 01:44:34 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44852/what-is-data-science-%E2%80%94-a-bioinformatics-perspective</link>
	<title><![CDATA[What is Data Science? — A Bioinformatics Perspective]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>In today&rsquo;s era of big biology, we&rsquo;re generating more data than ever before&mdash;genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, microbiomes&hellip; you name it. But raw biological data doesn&rsquo;t speak for itself. Making sense of it requires more than traditional biology. This is where data science steps in.</p><p><strong>So, What Is Data Science?</strong><br />At its core, data science is the interdisciplinary field that extracts knowledge and insights from data using programming, statistics, and domain expertise. In bioinformatics, data science enables us to turn gigabytes of sequence data into biological meaning.</p><p>Imagine trying to understand gene regulation in cancer by analyzing thousands of RNA-seq samples, or predicting antibiotic resistance from bacterial genomes&mdash;these challenges are not solvable through wet lab experiments alone. They require data-driven thinking.</p><p><strong>Data Science Meets Bioinformatics</strong><br />Bioinformatics is inherently a data science domain. From genomics to systems biology, every field in modern biology relies on data science techniques to:</p><p>Clean and process massive datasets</p><p>Discover patterns in high-dimensional data</p><p>Build predictive models (e.g., for disease classification)</p><p>Visualize complex biological networks and trends</p><p>Integrate diverse data types (e.g., transcriptomic + epigenomic data)</p><p><strong>The Bioinformatics Toolkit</strong><br />Here&rsquo;s what data science typically looks like in bioinformatics:</p><p>Task Data Science Role<br />Sequence alignment Efficient algorithms, indexing, parallel processing<br />Gene expression analysis Statistical modeling (e.g., DESeq2, limma)<br />Variant calling Data filtering, probabilistic models<br />Clustering of cells in single-cell data Unsupervised learning<br />Protein structure prediction Deep learning models (e.g., AlphaFold)<br />Metagenomics Data integration, classification, dimensionality reduction</p><p>Common tools include Python, R, Bioconductor, scikit-learn, Pandas, Seurat, and TensorFlow&mdash;often working together in reproducible workflows.</p><p><strong>It's Not Just About Coding</strong><br />A common misconception is that bioinformatics is just programming or scripting. But being a data scientist in bioinformatics also means:</p><p>Understanding experimental design</p><p>Asking biologically meaningful questions</p><p>Choosing the right statistical or machine learning models</p><p>Communicating findings effectively (e.g., plots, dashboards, papers)</p><p>In other words, data science in bioinformatics is where biology, statistics, and computer science converge.</p><p><strong>Why It Matters</strong><br />The real power of data science in bioinformatics is its ability to scale discovery.</p><p>Instead of studying one gene, we can study thousands.</p><p>Instead of analyzing one species, we can explore entire ecosystems.</p><p>Instead of waiting months for lab results, we can generate hypotheses in days.</p><p>From personalized medicine and cancer diagnostics to agricultural genomics and pandemic surveillance, data science is at the heart of the bioinformatics revolution.</p><p><strong>Final Thoughts</strong><br />If you&rsquo;re a biologist who&rsquo;s curious about code, or a data enthusiast fascinated by life sciences, bioinformatics is your playground&mdash;and data science is your toolkit.</p><p>In bioinformatics, data science isn&rsquo;t just useful. It&rsquo;s essential.</p><p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Abhi</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34235/quorum-an-error-corrector-for-illumina-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 08 Nov 2017 11:40:41 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34235/quorum-an-error-corrector-for-illumina-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[QuorUM: An Error Corrector for Illumina Reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span><span>Illumina Sequencing data can provide high coverage of a genome by relatively short (most often 100 bp to 150 bp) reads at a low cost. Even with low (advertised 1%) error rate, 100 &times; coverage Illumina data on average has an error in some read at every base in the genome. These errors make handling the data more complicated because they result in a large number of low-count erroneous&nbsp;</span><em>k</em><span>-mers in the reads. However, there is enough information in the reads to correct most of the sequencing errors, thus making subsequent use of the data (e.g. for mapping or assembly) easier. Here we use the term &ldquo;error correction&rdquo; to denote the reduction in errors due to both changes in individual bases and trimming of unusable sequence. We developed an error correction software called QuorUM. QuorUM is mainly aimed at error correcting Illumina reads for subsequent assembly. It is designed around the novel idea of minimizing the number of distinct erroneous&nbsp;</span><em>k</em><span>-mers in the output reads and preserving the most true&nbsp;</span><em>k</em><span>-mers, and we introduce a composite statistic &pi; that measures how successful we are at achieving this dual goal. We evaluate the performance of QuorUM by correcting actual Illumina reads from genomes for which a reference assembly is available.</span></span></p>
<p><span>QuorUM is distributed as an independent software package and as a module of the MaSuRCA assembly software. Both are available under the GPL open source license at&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.genome.umd.edu/">http://www.genome.umd.edu</a><span>.</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0130821" rel="nofollow">http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0130821</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40893/quorum-an-error-corrector-for-illumina-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 04 Feb 2020 23:26:55 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40893/quorum-an-error-corrector-for-illumina-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[QuorUM: An Error Corrector for Illumina Reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>We produce trimmed and error-corrected reads that result in assemblies with longer contigs and fewer errors. We compared QuorUM against several published error correctors and found that it is the best performer in most metrics we use. QuorUM is efficiently implemented making use of current multi-core computing architectures and it is suitable for large data sets (1 billion bases checked and corrected per day per core)</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://www.genome.umd.edu/" rel="nofollow">http://www.genome.umd.edu/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37473/lsc-a-long-read-error-correction-tool</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 02 Aug 2018 07:39:46 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/37473/lsc-a-long-read-error-correction-tool</link>
	<title><![CDATA[LSC :a long read error correction tool]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<h2>Getting Started</h2>
<p>These simple steps will help you integrate LSC into your transcriptomics analysis pipeline.</p>
<ul>
<li>Read the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/LSC_requirements.asp">LSC_requirements</a>&nbsp;for running LSC.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/LSC_download.asp">Download</a>&nbsp;and set-up the LSC package.</li>
<li>Follow the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/LSC_tutorial.asp">tutorial</a>&nbsp;to see how LSC works on some example data.</li>
<li>Read the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/LSC_manual.asp">manual</a>&nbsp;if anything is unclear.</li>
<li>You're ready, Happy LSCing!</li>
</ul>
<h2>Latest publication</h2>
<p><span>Kin Fai Au, Jason Underwood, Lawrence Lee and Wing Hung Wong&nbsp;</span><br><strong>Improving PacBio Long Read Accuracy by Short Read Alignment&nbsp;</strong><span>[</span><a href="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0046679">Manuscript</a><span>]&nbsp;</span><br><em>PLoS ONE</em><span>&nbsp;2012. 7(10): e46679. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046679</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/" rel="nofollow">https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/au/LSC/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/38792/nxrepair-error-correction-in-de-novo-assemblies-using-nextera-mate-pair-reads</guid>
	<pubDate>Thu, 24 Jan 2019 10:35:12 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/38792/nxrepair-error-correction-in-de-novo-assemblies-using-nextera-mate-pair-reads</link>
	<title><![CDATA[NxRepair: error correction in de novo assemblies using Nextera Mate Pair Reads]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>NxRepair is a python module that automatically detects large structural errors in de novo assemblies using Nextera mate pair reads. The decector will break a contig at the site of an identified misassembly and will generate a new fasta file containing both the corrected contigs and the correct, unaffected contigs.</p>
<p>https://nxrepair.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html</p>
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<pre>nxrepair aligned_matepairs.bam assemblyfasta.fasta error_locations.csv new_fasta.fasta</pre>
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</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/rebeccaroisin/nxrepair" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/rebeccaroisin/nxrepair</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/32131/wgs-celera-assembler-version-83rc2</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 10 Apr 2017 04:45:40 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/32131/wgs-celera-assembler-version-83rc2</link>
	<title><![CDATA[WGS Celera Assembler version 8.3rc2]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>These are release notes for Celera Assembler version 8.3rc2, which was released on May 24, 2015.<br><br>This distribution package provides a stable, tested, documented version of the software.&nbsp; The distribution is usable on most Unix-like platforms, and some platforms have pre-compiled binary distributions ready for installation.<br><br>The source code package includes full source code (revision 4627), Makefiles, and scripts.&nbsp; A subset of the kmer package (http://kmer.sourceforge.net/, version r1994), used by some modules of Celera Assembler, is included.&nbsp; This distribution includes [http://samtools.sourceforge.net/ SAMtools], [http://www.cbcb.umd.edu/software/jellyfish/ Jellyfish 2.0], [https://github.com/pbjd/pbutgcns PBUTGCNS], [https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/pbdagcon PBDAGCON], [https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/BLASR BLASR], and parts of the [https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/FALCON/tree/v0.1.3 Falcon assembler].<br><br>Full documentation can be found online at http://wgs-assembler.sourceforge.net/.</p>
<p>Interesting scripts within it</p>
<p>urbe@urbo214b[bin] ls&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; []<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe&nbsp; 11K Apr 10 11:41 addCNSToStore<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 575K Apr 10 11:41 addReadsToUnitigs<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 128K Apr 10 11:41 analyzeBest<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 257K Apr 10 11:41 analyzePosMap<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 1,5M Apr 10 11:41 analyzeScaffolds<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 224K Apr 10 11:41 asmOutputFasta<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 448K Apr 10 11:41 asmOutputStatistics<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 2,4K Apr 10 11:41 asmToAGP.pl<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 7,6M Apr 10 11:41 blasr<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 1,6M Apr 10 11:41 bogart<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 183K Apr 10 11:41 bogus<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 272K Apr 10 11:41 bogusness<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 247K Apr 10 11:41 buildPosMap<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 213K Apr 10 11:41 buildRefContigs<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe 990K Apr 10 11:41 buildUnitigs<br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 urbe urbe&nbsp; 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	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35144/converting-fastq-to-fasta</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 12 Jan 2018 03:49:09 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35144/converting-fastq-to-fasta</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Converting FASTQ to FASTA]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<div id="block-system-main"><div><div><div><div><div><div><p>There are several ways you can convert fastq to fasta sequences. Some methods are listed below.</p><h3>Using SED</h3><p><span><code><span>sed</span></code></span>&nbsp;can be used to selectively print the desired lines from a file, so if you print the first and 2rd line of every 4 lines, you get the sequence header and sequence needed for fasta format.</p><pre>sed -n '1~4s/^@/&gt;/p;2~4p' INFILE.fastq &gt; OUTFILE.fasta
</pre><h3>Using PASTE</h3><p>You can linerize every 4 lines in a tabular format and print first and second field using&nbsp;<span><code>paste</code></span></p><pre>cat INFILE.fastq | paste - - - - |cut -f 1, 2| sed 's/@/&gt;/'g | tr -s "/t" "/n" &gt; OUTFILE.fasta
</pre><h3>EMBOSS:seqret</h3><p>Standard script that can be used for many purposes. One such use is fastq-fasta conversion</p><pre>seqret -sequence reads.fastq -outseq reads.fasta
</pre><p><span><code><span>awk</span></code></span>&nbsp;can be used for conversion as follows:</p><h3>Using AWK</h3><pre>cat infile.fq | awk '{if(NR%4==1) {printf("&gt;%s\n",substr($0,2));} else if(NR%4==2) print;}' &gt; file.fa
</pre><h3>FASTX-toolkit</h3><p><span><code>fastq_to_fasta</code></span>&nbsp;is available in the FASTX-toolkit that scales really well with the huge datasets</p><pre>fastq_to_fasta -h
usage: fastq_to_fasta [-h] [-r] [-n] [-v] [-z] [-i INFILE] [-o OUTFILE]
# Remember to use -Q33 for illumina reads!
version 0.0.6
       [-h]         = This helpful help screen.
       [-r]         = Rename sequence identifiers to numbers.
       [-n]         = keep sequences with unknown (N) nucleotides.
                   Default is to discard such sequences.
       [-v]         = Verbose - report number of sequences.
                   If [-o] is specified,  report will be printed to STDOUT.
                   If [-o] is not specified (and output goes to STDOUT),
                   report will be printed to STDERR.
       [-z]         = Compress output with GZIP.
       [-i INFILE]  = FASTA/Q input file. default is STDIN.
       [-o OUTFILE] = FASTA output file. default is STDOUT.
</pre><h3>Bioawk</h3><p>Another option to convert fastq to fasta format using&nbsp;<span><code>bioawk</code></span></p><pre>bioawk -c fastx '{print "&gt;"$name"\n"$seq}' input.fastq &gt; output.fasta
</pre><h3>Seqtk</h3><p>From the same developer, there is another option using a tool called&nbsp;<span><code>seqtk</code></span></p><pre>seqtk seq -a input.fastq &gt; output.fasta
</pre><p>Note that you can use either compressed or uncompressed files for this tool</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Neel</dc:creator>
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