BOL: Related items

GSP4PDB: a web tool to visualize, search and explore protein-ligand structural patterns

Neel — Sun, 15 Mar 2020 03:41:12 -0500

GSP4PDB is a user-friendly and efficient application to search and discover new patterns of protein-ligand interaction.

GSP4PDB is part of the services provided by the Bioinformatic Group of the University of Talca

http://gdblab.com/gsp4pdb/gsp4pdb2/

https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-020-3352-x

Address of the bookmark: http://gdblab.com/gsp4pdb/gsp4pdb2/

Liftoff: an accurate tool that maps annotations in GFF or GTF between assemblies

Jit — Tue, 30 Jun 2020 21:40:52 -0500

Liftoff, an accurate tool that maps annotations in GFF or GTF between assemblies of the same, or closely-related species. Unlike current coordinate lift-over tools which require a pre-generated “chain” file as input, Liftoff is a standalone tool that takes two genome assemblies and a reference annotation as input and outputs an annotation of the target genome.

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/agshumate/Liftoff

Clustergrammer is a web-based tool for visualizing high-dimensional data as an interactive and shareable hierarchically clustered heatmap

BioStar — Sun, 23 Aug 2020 19:30:17 -0500

Clustergrammer is a web-based tool for visualizing high-dimensional data (e.g. a matrix) as an interactive and shareable hierarchically clustered heatmap. Clustergrammer's front end (Clustergrammer-JS) is built using D3.js and its back-end (Clustergrammer-PY) is built using Python. Clustergrammer produces highly interactive visualizations that enable intuitive exploration of high-dimensional data and has several biology-specific features (e.g. enrichment analysis, see Biology-Specific Features) to facilitate the exploration of gene-level biological data.

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/MaayanLab/clustergrammer

LoReTTA, a user-friendly tool for assembling viral genomes from PacBio sequence data

Neel — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 07:54:53 -0500

LoReTTA (Long Read Template-Targeted Assembler), a tool designed for performing de novo assembly of long reads generated from viral genomes on the PacBio platform. LoReTTA exploits a reference genome to guide the assembly process, an approach that has been successful with short reads.

https://academic.oup.com/ve/article/7/1/veab042/6248116

Address of the bookmark: https://academic.oup.com/ve/article/7/1/veab042/6248116

GenomeQC: a quality assessment tool for genome assemblies and gene structure annotations

Neel — Thu, 19 May 2022 04:29:05 -0500

The GenomeQC web application is implemented in R/Shiny version 1.5.9 and Python 3.6 and is freely available at https://genomeqc.maizegdb.org/ under the GPL license. All source code and a containerized version of the GenomeQC pipeline is available in the GitHub repository https://github.com/HuffordLab/GenomeQC.

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-020-6568-2

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/HuffordLab/GenomeQC

NGenomeSyn: an easy-to-use and flexible tool for publication-ready visualization of syntenic relationships across multiple genomes

LEGE — Tue, 10 Sep 2024 04:54:55 -0500

NGenomeSyn: an easy-to-use and flexible tool for publication-ready visualization of syntenic relationships across multiple genomes

NGenomeSyn [multiple (N) Genome Synteny], for publication-ready visualization of syntenic relationships of the whole genome or local region and genomic features (e.g. repeats, structural variations, genes) across multiple genomes with a high customization. NGenomeSyn provides an easy way for its users to visualize a large amount of data with a rich layout by simply adjusting options for moving, scaling, and rotation of target genomes. Moreover, NGenomeSyn could be applied on the visualization of relationships on non-genomic data with similar input formats.

https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/39/3/btad121/7072460

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/hewm2008/NGenomeSyn

DNA is packaged in a chromosome experiment

Mon, 23 Sep 2013 18:01:12 -0500

For more information, log on to- http://shomusbiology.weebly.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.weebly.com/bio-materials.html A nucleosome is the basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around four histone protein cores.[1] This structure is often compared to thread wrapped around a spool.[2] Nucleosomes form the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin,[3] which is used to pack the large eukaryotic genomes into the nucleus while still ensuring appropriate access to it (in mammalian cells approximately 2 m of linear DNA have to be packed into a nucleus of roughly 10 µm diameter). Nucleosomes are folded through a series of successively higher order structures to eventually form a chromosome; this both compacts DNA and creates an added layer of regulatory control, which ensures correct gene expression. Nucleosomes are thought to carry epigenetically inherited information in the form of covalent modifications of their core histones. Nucleosomes were observed as particles in the electron microscope by Don and Ada Olins [4] and their existence and structure (as histone octamers surrounded by approximately 200 base pairs of DNA) were proposed by Roger Kornberg.[5][6] The role of the nucleosome as a general gene repressor was demonstrated by Lorch et al. in vitro [7] and by Han and Grunstein in vivo.

Dynamic chromosome breakpoints !!!

Jitendra Narayan — Wed, 13 Aug 2014 18:38:10 -0500

Cell division involves the distribution of identical genetic material, DNA, to two daughters’ cells. During this process, duplicated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) goes through a condensation and decondensation process. This is followed by nuclear envelope dissolution, mitotic spindle assembly, migration of the sister chromatid pairs to the metaphase plate, division and segregation of identical sets of chromosomes into daughter nuclei and nuclear envelope reformation.

The vital metaphase stage of cell division, when the sister chromatids migrated to the centre and lined up in a row, and pulled apart using attached microtubules in such a way that half the DNA ends up in each daughter cell. However, before the mitotic spindle‐mediated movement gets start and pulled DNA apart, the chromosomes are free to undergo recombination which involves the exchange of genetic material either between multiple chromosomes or between different regions of the same chromosome.

During recombination, the precise breakage of each strand, exchange between the strands, and sealing of the resulting recombined molecules happens. The “chromosomal breakpoints” refers to these places where they break. Mostly, this process occurs with a high degree of accuracy at high frequency in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. But occasionally this “break and sealing/ break and reattach” process goes wrong and the reattachment happens in the wrong place which usually create disaster (with few exceptions).These chromosome disaster or abnormalities involve the gain, loss or rearrangement of visible amounts of genetic material during cell division. These abnormalities are of two type, the first one is numerical abnormalities where severe disorders are caused by the loss or gain of whole chromosomes, which affect the copy number of hundreds or even thousands of genes. The second are structural abnormalities which can be unbalanced or balanced. The former are similar to numerical abnormalities in that genetic material is either gained or lost. The natural defects in chromosome segregation are linked to cancer and several genetic diseases (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genetic_disorders). Therefore, the enzymes involved in regulating cell division are still the attractive drug targets for many diseases.

Apart from certain chromosome abnormalities, these “crossing over” of segments of maternal and paternal chromosomes to form hybrid chromosomes have some evolutionary importance and considered as a driver of genetic variation. Moreover, the chromosome breakage in evolution is considered to be non-random in nature(http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.0020014). In addition the study of breakpoint regions and non-breakpoint (stable) regions of chromosomes indicates both the regions evolved in distinctly different ways ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2675965/). These breakage may lead to genetic diseases or participate to chromosomal rearranmgnets and contributed in development of new species.

I will try to explain the genome hotspots/Evolutionary Breakpoint Regions(EBRs)/fragile regions/weak fragments/ in my next blog.

Software for recombination detection:

RAT http://cbr.jic.ac.uk/dicks/software/RAT/

Breakpointer https://github.com/ruping/Breakpointer

DRP http://web.cbio.uct.ac.za/~darren/rdp.html

RB-finder http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18707535

LDhat2.0 http://ldhat.sourceforge.net/LDhat2.0/instructions.shtml

Reference:

http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-recombination-514#

Image: Wikipedia , sciencelearn.org.nz

Recommended Articles:

http://www.friendshipcircle.org/blog/2012/05/22/13-chromosomal-disorders-youve-never-heard-of/

http://web.udl.es/usuaris/e4650869/docencia/segoncicle/genclin98/recursos_classe_%28pdf%29/revisionsPDF/chromosyndromes.pdf

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2775595/table/T2/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/chromosomal/

http://www.ncert.nic.in/html/learning_basket/biology/cc&cd.pdf

ShRec3D

Jitendra Narayan — Thu, 25 Dec 2014 23:14:52 -0600

ShRec3D is a program that aims at reconstructing a genome 3D structure (b) from the sole knowledge of the contacts between different genomic regions (a) as determined by Hi-C (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815776).

There are two options to run ShRec3D (on linuX only so far): the first one uses the Matlab complier runtime environment (MCR), the second one doesn't need any other library to be installed but only works with the latest versions of Linux (equivalent to Fedora 19 and above).

Address of the bookmark: https://sites.google.com/site/julienmozziconacci/#TOC-Downloads

Kamaleshwar Singh Lab

Fri, 25 Mar 2016 10:46:49 -0500

The focus of Dr. Singh’s research and teaching is on the molecular mechanistic basis for environmental carcinogen-induced genetic (DNA damage) and epigenetic changes, and susceptibility to human cancer development

More at http://www.tiehh.ttu.edu/dr.-kamaleshwar-singh.html