Mulan (http://mulan.dcode.org/), a novel method and a network server for comparing multiple draft and finished-quality sequences to identify functional elements conserved over evolutionary time. Mulan brings together several novel algorithms: the TBA multi-aligner program for rapid identification of local sequence conservation, and the multiTF program for detecting evolutionarily conserved transcription factor binding sites in multiple alignments. In addition, Mulan supports two-way communication with the GALA database; alignments of multiple species dynamically generated in GALA can be viewed in Mulan, and conserved transcription factor binding sites identified with Mulan/multiTF can be integrated and overlaid with extensive genome annotation data using GALA.

Address of the bookmark: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC540288/

https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-020-3371-7

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/vpalombo/PANEV

Address of the bookmark: https://proksee.ca/

Address of the bookmark: http://ml.ssu.ac.kr/gSearch/index.html

Bactopia can be split into two main parts: Bactopia Analysis Pipeline, and Bactopia Tools.

Bactopia Analysis Pipeline is the main per-isolate workflow in Bactopia. Built with Nextflow, input FASTQs (local or available from SRA/ENA) are put through numerous analyses including: quality control, assembly, annotation, minmer sketch queries, sequence typing, and more.

Bactopia Tools are a set a independent workflows fo

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/bactopia/bactopia

However, pangenome graphs can be highly complex, making them difficult to visualize and interpret. A recent study published in BMC Bioinformatics introduces PG2 (PanGenoGrapher), an open-source, web-based tool designed to address this challenge. The source code and user guide are openly available on GitHub at https://github.com/iVis-at-Bilkent/pangenographer. A publicly accessible sample deployment is hosted at http://pg2.cs.bilkent.edu.tr. In addition, a demonstration video illustrating the primary use cases of PG2 is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCd7-aGY6CQ.

PG2 combines advanced graph-layout algorithms with an interactive visualization platform. It allows researchers to explore genomic paths, identify variations, and examine relationships between different parts of a pangenome graph more easily.

This is important because visualization can play a major role in bioinformatics. When complex genomic information is presented clearly, researchers can more easily identify patterns, understand genetic variation, and generate new biological insights.

The development of PG2 represents a step toward making pangenome analysis more accessible and intuitive. As genomic datasets continue to grow and graph-based representations become more common, tools like PG2 can help researchers navigate this increasing complexity.

Ultimately, PG2 demonstrates how combining genomics, graph algorithms, and interactive visualization can make sophisticated biological data easier to understand and analyze.

Reference: Solun, G. K., Dogrusoz, U., Bingöl, Z., & Alkan, C. (2026). PG2: algorithms and a web-based tool for effective layout and visual analysis of pangenome graphs. BMC Bioinformatics. DOI: 10.1186/s12859-026-06555-4.

An algorithmically novel approach to construct a genome graph representation of long-read-based de novo sequence assemblies. We then provide a proof of principle by creating a genome graph of seven ethnically-diverse human genomes.

https://f1000research.com/articles/7-1391/v1

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/NCBI-Hackathons/NovoGraph

 All the nodes in the tree are clickable. This displays various information and options:

• The species name (and the associated common name if there is one)
• The rank (kingdom, family, class, species...)
• Ability to go to the corresponding node/species on NCBI web site (displayed in a new window)
• Possibility to download the corresponding subtree in newick extended format
• Possibilty to get the whole lineage from the current node/tip to the root of the tree.

Address of the bookmark: http://lifemap-ncbi.univ-lyon1.fr/

Dot supports the output of MUMmer’s nucmer aligner the most commonly used software method for aligning genome assemblies. A quick script called DotPrep.py converts the delta file to a more streamlined coordinates file with an index that enables Dot to read in more alignments in certain regions on demand.

Dot, an interactive viewer for genome-genome comparison

https://dnanexus.github.io/dot/

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/dnanexus/dot

To create single-genome plot by aligning genome data along all chromosomes of a single genome, go to the Single-genome plot menu.

To cretae two-genome plot for comparison of data across two genomes, go to the Two-genome plot menu.

For the detail format of input data, check the Input data format submenu of the Help menu.

shinyChromosome is deployed at http://150.109.59.144:3838/shinyChromosome/, http://shinyChromosome.ncpgr.cn, and https://yimingyu.shinyapps.io/shinyChromosome for online use. The source code and manual of shinyChromosome are freely available at https://github.com/venyao/shinyChromosome.

https://yimingyu.shinyapps.io/shinychromosome/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1672022919301883

Address of the bookmark: https://yimingyu.shinyapps.io/shinychromosome/