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<channel>
	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/40715?offset=400</link>
	<atom:link href="https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/40715?offset=400" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	
	<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40754/understanding-your-reads-and-mapping</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 29 Jan 2020 06:29:55 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40754/understanding-your-reads-and-mapping</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Understanding your reads and mapping !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>One of the best tutorial for beginners ...</p>
<p>https://bioinformatics-core-shared-training.github.io/cruk-summer-school-2017/Day1/Session4-seqIntro.html</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://bioinformatics-core-shared-training.github.io/cruk-summer-school-2017/Day1/Session4-seqIntro.html" rel="nofollow">https://bioinformatics-core-shared-training.github.io/cruk-summer-school-2017/Day1/Session4-seqIntro.html</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Neel</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/videolist/watch/10659/gps-dna-tracking-university-of-sheffield</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 10 May 2014 04:33:28 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/videolist/watch/10659/gps-dna-tracking-university-of-sheffield</link>
	<title><![CDATA[GPS DNA tracking - University of Sheffield]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<iframe width="" height="" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Aap-s1kle4Q" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>University of Sheffield geneticist and bioinformatics expert Dr Eran Elhaik demonstrates the power of his new DNA research, which allows people to discover their genetic homeland from 1000 years ago. Find out more about our biological research here http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/aps]]></description>
	
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41362/genemates-an-r-package-for-detecting-horizontal-gene-co-transfer-between-bacteria-using-gene-gene-associations-controlled-for-population-structure</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2020 05:52:20 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41362/genemates-an-r-package-for-detecting-horizontal-gene-co-transfer-between-bacteria-using-gene-gene-associations-controlled-for-population-structure</link>
	<title><![CDATA[GeneMates: an R package for Detecting Horizontal Gene Co-transfer between Bacteria Using Gene-gene Associations Controlled for Population Structure]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>GeneMates is an R package implementing a network approach to identify horizontal gene co-transfer (HGcoT) between bacteria using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. It is particularly useful for investigating intra-species HGcoT, where presence-absence status of acquired genes is usually confounded by bacterial population structure due to clonal reproduction.</span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.970970v1">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.970970v1</a></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://github.com/wanyuac/GeneMates" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/wanyuac/GeneMates</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
</item>

<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/42804/one-year-position-for-a-bioinformatician-computational-biologist-in-population-genetics</guid>
  <pubDate>Fri, 05 Feb 2021 11:19:02 -0600</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[One-year position for a bioinformatician / computational biologist in population genetics]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>The successful candidate will work as support staff mainly in the development, application and maintenance of pipelines for handling large omics datasets (including whole-genome sequences, high-density genotypes and mRNA sequences). These pipelines cover pre-processing of data, statistical analyses and genome bioinformatics. The postholder will also provide support in producing high-level graphic representations of<br />these data and of results from their analysis.  Our team is part of UMR<br />7268 ADES research unit (Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique<br />et Sant=E9), located at the Timone Faculty of Medicine (Aix-Marseille<br />University, 13005 Marseille). </p>

<p>JOB QUALIFICATION<br />- PhD/Engineer/MSc in bioinformatics, biostatistics, genetics/genomics<br />  or any related field.<br />- Advanced knowledge of Bash/Perl scripting and job management on a Unix<br />  HPC and in at least one basic language for data<br />  manipulation/statistics (such as R/Python/Matlab) are required.<br />- Knowledge of at least one programming language (e.g. C), experience<br />  processing -omics data or skills in advanced graphical representation<br />  of data would be a plus.</p>

<p>DURATION<br />1 year, not extensible</p>

<p>SALARY<br />Gross salary is commensurate with experience and grade (MSc from<br />1,882=80/month and PhD/equivalent from 2,099=80/month).</p>

<p>APPLICATIONS/OPENING<br />Please send a motivation letter, a CV and the names of two referees to<br />pierre.faux@univ-amu.fr. The expected starting date is April 1st, 2021;<br />the job offer will however remain opened until the position is filled.</p>

<p>Pierre Faux</p>
]]></description>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41941/svengine-allele-specific-and-haplotype-aware-structural-variants-simulator</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2020 05:52:34 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/41941/svengine-allele-specific-and-haplotype-aware-structural-variants-simulator</link>
	<title><![CDATA[SVEngine: Allele Specific and Haplotype Aware Structural Variants Simulator]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>SVEngine (Structural Variants Engine)</p>
<ul>
<li>SVEngine is a multi-purpose and self-contained simulator for whole genome scale spike-in of thousands of SV events of various types in both single-sample and matched sample scenarios.</li>
<li>SVEngine takes as input reference contigs in FASTA files, variant meta distribution as specified in META files (see Manual) or specific variant information as specified in VAR files (see Manual) and NEWICK files for specifying clonal phylogenetic trees in cancer.</li>
<li>SVEngine outpus alterred contigs in FASTA files, spiked-in variants in VAR files (see Manual), simulated short read in FASTQ files and aligned short reads in BAM files.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://bitbucket.org/charade/svengine/src/master/" rel="nofollow">https://bitbucket.org/charade/svengine/src/master/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44257/calculate-the-significance-of-the-difference-between-two-trends</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 14 Mar 2023 05:41:53 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/blog/view/44257/calculate-the-significance-of-the-difference-between-two-trends</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Calculate the significance of the difference between two trends]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p>To calculate the significance of the difference between two trends, you can use a statistical test such as a t-test or ANOVA (analysis of variance). Here are the general steps to follow:</p><ol>
<li>
<p>Define your null hypothesis (H0) and alternative hypothesis (H1). For example, H0 might be that there is no significant difference between the two trends, while H1 might be that there is a significant difference.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Collect data on the two trends. Make sure that the data is independent, normally distributed, and has equal variances.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Calculate the means and standard deviations of each trend.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Calculate the test statistic using a t-test or ANOVA. The test statistic will depend on the specific test you choose, but it will generally compare the difference in means between the two trends to the variability within each trend.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Determine the p-value associated with the test statistic. The p-value represents the probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme as the one you calculated, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compare the p-value to your chosen significance level (usually 0.05 or 0.01). If the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level, reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant difference between the two trends. If the p-value is greater than the significance level, fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is not enough evidence to support a significant difference.</p>
</li>
</ol><p>It's important to note that the specific details of each step will depend on the type of test you choose and the software you use to perform the analysis.</p><p>The most common methods for comparing means include:</p><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Methods</th><th>R function</th><th>Description</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>T-test</td>
<td>t.test()</td>
<td>Compare two groups (parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wilcoxon test</td>
<td>wilcox.test()</td>
<td>Compare two groups (non-parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ANOVA</td>
<td>aov() or anova()</td>
<td>Compare multiple groups (parametric)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kruskal-Wallis</td>
<td>kruskal.test()</td>
<td>Compare multiple groups (non-parametric)<br /><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>BioStar</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/4590/tigers-genome-sequenced</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2013 16:48:24 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/4590/tigers-genome-sequenced</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Tigers genome sequenced]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Fifteen scientists led by Dr Jong Bhak of Genome Research Foundation, South Korea, decoded as many as 3 billion nucleotides (organic molecules that form the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA). They identified 20,000 genes related to various functions of the tiger.&nbsp;</p><p>The biggest and perhaps most fearsome of the world's big cats, the tiger, shares 95.6 percent of its DNA with humans' cute and furry companions, domestic cats.</p><p>The new research showed that big cats have genetic mutations that enabled them to be carnivores. The team also identified mutations that allow snow leopards to thrive at high altitudes.</p><p>Reference:</p><p><a href="http://www.nbcnews.com/science/your-cat-ferocious-tigers-share-lot-95-6-percent-their-4B11182690">http://www.nbcnews.com/science/your-cat-ferocious-tigers-share-lot-95-6-percent-their-4B11182690</a></p><p><a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Gene-mapping-of-tiger-completed/articleshow/22671681.cms">http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Gene-mapping-of-tiger-completed/articleshow/22671681.cms</a></p><p>Paper:</p><p><a href="http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/130917/ncomms3433/full/ncomms3433.html">http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/130917/ncomms3433/full/ncomms3433.html</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Agarwal</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34443/opera-an-optimal-genome-scaffolding-program</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 27 Nov 2017 10:18:20 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34443/opera-an-optimal-genome-scaffolding-program</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Opera: An optimal genome scaffolding program]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>Opera (Optimal Paired-End Read Assembler) is a sequence assembly program (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_assembly" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_assembly&nbsp;<img src="https://a.fsdn.com/con/img/icons/external_asset.png" alt="image" style="border: 0px;"></a><span>). It uses information from paired-end or long reads to optimally order and orient contigs assembled from shotgun-sequencing reads.</span><br><br><span>An updated version called OPERA-LG has been re-engineered with features for the assembly of large and complex genomes.</span><br><br><span>Song Gao, Denis Bertrand, Burton K. H. Chia and Niranjan Nagarajan. OPERA-LG: efficient and exact scaffolding of large, repeat-rich eukaryotic genomes with performance guarantees. Genome Biology, May 2016, doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-0951-y.</span><br><br><span>Song Gao, Wing-Kin Sung, Niranjan Nagarajan. Opera: reconstructing optimal genomic scaffolds with high-throughput paired-end sequences. Journal of Computational Biology, Sept. 2011, doi:10.1089/cmb.2011.0170.</span></p>
<p><span>https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-016-0951-y</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/operasf/" rel="nofollow">https://sourceforge.net/projects/operasf/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/34418/spades-hybrid-genome-assembly</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 27 Nov 2017 08:05:40 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/34418/spades-hybrid-genome-assembly</link>
	<title><![CDATA[SPAdes hybrid genome assembly]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>When you have both Illumina and Nanopore data, then SPAdes remains a good option for hybrid assembly - SPAdes was used to produce the&nbsp;<a href="https://gigascience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13742-015-0101-6">B fragilis assembly</a>&nbsp;by Mick Watson&rsquo;s group.</p><p>Again, running spades.py will show you the options:</p><div><pre><code>spades.py
</code></pre></div><p>This produces:</p><div><pre><code>SPAdes genome assembler v3.10.1

Usage: /usr/local/SPAdes-3.10.1-Linux/bin/spades.py [options] -o &lt;output_dir&gt;

Basic options:
-o      &lt;output_dir&gt;    directory to store all the resulting files (required)
--sc                    this flag is required for MDA (single-cell) data
--meta                  this flag is required for metagenomic sample data
--rna                   this flag is required for RNA-Seq data
--plasmid               runs plasmidSPAdes pipeline for plasmid detection
--iontorrent            this flag is required for IonTorrent data
--test                  runs SPAdes on toy dataset
-h/--help               prints this usage message
-v/--version            prints version

Input data:
--12    &lt;filename&gt;      file with interlaced forward and reverse paired-end reads
-1      &lt;filename&gt;      file with forward paired-end reads
-2      &lt;filename&gt;      file with reverse paired-end reads
-s      &lt;filename&gt;      file with unpaired reads
--pe&lt;#&gt;-12      &lt;filename&gt;      file with interlaced reads for paired-end library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--pe&lt;#&gt;-1       &lt;filename&gt;      file with forward reads for paired-end library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--pe&lt;#&gt;-2       &lt;filename&gt;      file with reverse reads for paired-end library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--pe&lt;#&gt;-s       &lt;filename&gt;      file with unpaired reads for paired-end library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--pe&lt;#&gt;-&lt;or&gt;    orientation of reads for paired-end library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9; &lt;or&gt; = fr, rf, ff)
--s&lt;#&gt;          &lt;filename&gt;      file with unpaired reads for single reads library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--mp&lt;#&gt;-12      &lt;filename&gt;      file with interlaced reads for mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--mp&lt;#&gt;-1       &lt;filename&gt;      file with forward reads for mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--mp&lt;#&gt;-2       &lt;filename&gt;      file with reverse reads for mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--mp&lt;#&gt;-s       &lt;filename&gt;      file with unpaired reads for mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--mp&lt;#&gt;-&lt;or&gt;    orientation of reads for mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9; &lt;or&gt; = fr, rf, ff)
--hqmp&lt;#&gt;-12    &lt;filename&gt;      file with interlaced reads for high-quality mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--hqmp&lt;#&gt;-1     &lt;filename&gt;      file with forward reads for high-quality mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--hqmp&lt;#&gt;-2     &lt;filename&gt;      file with reverse reads for high-quality mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--hqmp&lt;#&gt;-s     &lt;filename&gt;      file with unpaired reads for high-quality mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--hqmp&lt;#&gt;-&lt;or&gt;  orientation of reads for high-quality mate-pair library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9; &lt;or&gt; = fr, rf, ff)
--nxmate&lt;#&gt;-1   &lt;filename&gt;      file with forward reads for Lucigen NxMate library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--nxmate&lt;#&gt;-2   &lt;filename&gt;      file with reverse reads for Lucigen NxMate library number &lt;#&gt; (&lt;#&gt; = 1,2,..,9)
--sanger        &lt;filename&gt;      file with Sanger reads
--pacbio        &lt;filename&gt;      file with PacBio reads
--nanopore      &lt;filename&gt;      file with Nanopore reads
--tslr  &lt;filename&gt;      file with TSLR-contigs
--trusted-contigs       &lt;filename&gt;      file with trusted contigs
--untrusted-contigs     &lt;filename&gt;      file with untrusted contigs

Pipeline options:
--only-error-correction runs only read error correction (without assembling)
--only-assembler        runs only assembling (without read error correction)
--careful               tries to reduce number of mismatches and short indels
--continue              continue run from the last available check-point
--restart-from  &lt;cp&gt;    restart run with updated options and from the specified check-point ('ec', 'as', 'k&lt;int&gt;', 'mc')
--disable-gzip-output   forces error correction not to compress the corrected reads
--disable-rr            disables repeat resolution stage of assembling

Advanced options:
--dataset       &lt;filename&gt;      file with dataset description in YAML format
-t/--threads    &lt;int&gt;           number of threads
                                [default: 16]
-m/--memory     &lt;int&gt;           RAM limit for SPAdes in Gb (terminates if exceeded)
                                [default: 250]
--tmp-dir       &lt;dirname&gt;       directory for temporary files
                                [default: &lt;output_dir&gt;/tmp]
-k              &lt;int,int,...&gt;   comma-separated list of k-mer sizes (must be odd and
                                less than 128) [default: 'auto']
--cov-cutoff    &lt;float&gt;         coverage cutoff value (a positive float number, or 'auto', or 'off') [default: 'off']
--phred-offset  &lt;33 or 64&gt;      PHRED quality offset in the input reads (33 or 64)
                                [default: auto-detect]
</code></pre></div><p>As you can see this is also a &ldquo;pipeline&rdquo; of tools that can be switched on or off. SPAdes takes quite a long time, so for the purposes of this practical, something like this may suffice:</p><div><pre><code>spades.py -t 4 <span>\</span>
          -m 32 <span>\</span>
          -k 31,51,71 <span>\</span>
          --only-assembler <span>\</span>
          -1 miseq.1.fastq -2 miseq.2.fastq <span>\</span>
          --nanopore minion.fastq <span>\</span>
          -o hybrid_assembly
</code></pre></div><p>In turn, these parameters mean</p><ul>
<li>use 4 threads</li>
<li>max memory is 32Gb</li>
<li>use 3 kmer values to build the de bruijn graph(s) - 31, 51 and 71</li>
<li>only run the assembler, not the correction algorithm (for speed)</li>
<li>read 1 and read 2 of the MiSeq data</li>
<li>the nanopore data</li>
<li>put the output in folder &ldquo;hybrid_assembly&rdquo;</li>
</ul>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34528/cope-an-accurate-k-mer-based-pair-end-reads-connection-tool-to-facilitate-genome-assembly</guid>
	<pubDate>Wed, 06 Dec 2017 02:08:14 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/34528/cope-an-accurate-k-mer-based-pair-end-reads-connection-tool-to-facilitate-genome-assembly</link>
	<title><![CDATA[COPE: an accurate k-mer-based pair-end reads connection tool to facilitate genome assembly]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p><span>An efficient tool called Connecting Overlapped Pair-End (COPE) reads, to connect overlapping pair-end reads using k-mer frequencies. We evaluated our tool on 30&times; simulated pair-end reads from Arabidopsis thaliana with 1% base error. COPE connected over 99% of reads with 98.8% accuracy, which is, respectively, 10 and 2% higher than the recently published tool FLASH. When COPE is applied to real reads for genome assembly, the resulting contigs are found to have fewer errors and give a 14-fold improvement in the N50 measurement when compared with the contigs produced using unconnected reads.</span></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="ftp://ftp.genomics.org.cn/pub/cope" rel="nofollow">ftp://ftp.genomics.org.cn/pub/cope</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>

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