BOL: Related items

Gepard: allows the calculation of dotplots even for large sequences like chromosomes or bacterial genomes

Jit — Mon, 26 Aug 2019 11:38:30 -0500

Gepard (German: "cheetah", Backronym for "GEnome PAir - Rapid Dotter") allows the calculation of dotplots even for large sequences like chromosomes or bacterial genomes. Reference: Krumsiek J, Arnold R, Rattei T. Gepard: A rapid and sensitive tool for creating dotplots on genome scale. Bioinformatics 2007; 23(8): 1026-8. PMID: 17309896

http://cube.univie.ac.at/gepard

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/univieCUBE/gepard

NucDiff: In-depth characterization and annotation of differences between two sets of DNA sequences

Jit — Tue, 05 May 2020 10:35:48 -0500

NucDiff locates and categorizes differences between two closely related nucleotide sequences. It is able to deal with very fragmented genomes, structural rearrangements and various local differences. These features make NucDiff to be perfectly suitable to compare assemblies with each other or with available reference genomes.

NucDiff provides information about the types of differences and their locations. It is possible to upload the results into genome browser for visualization and further inspection. It was written in Python and uses the NUCmer package from MUMmer[1] for sequence comparison.

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/uio-cels/NucDiff

Common methods to discover tandem repeats

BioStar — Thu, 09 Mar 2023 02:40:52 -0600

Tandem repeats are DNA sequences that are repeated in a contiguous manner in the genome. These sequences are often used as genetic markers and are important in many areas of genetics and genomics research. Here are some methods for discovering tandem repeats in genomes:

Tandem Repeat Finder: Tandem Repeat Finder is a software tool that identifies tandem repeats in DNA sequences. It is available for free download and can be used on both nucleotide and protein sequences. The tool uses a statistical algorithm to identify repeats based on their length, copy number, and overall composition.
RepeatMasker: RepeatMasker is another software tool that can identify tandem repeats in DNA sequences. It works by comparing the input sequence to a database of known repeats and then identifies any tandem repeats that match those in the database.
PCR-based methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to amplify and detect tandem repeats in genomic DNA. PCR primers are designed to flank the tandem repeat region, and amplification of the target DNA fragment can be visualized on a gel. This method can be useful for detecting novel tandem repeats and for genotyping.
Southern blotting: Southern blotting is a classic method for detecting DNA fragments in a sample. It can be used to detect tandem repeats by digesting genomic DNA with a restriction enzyme, separating the fragments by gel electrophoresis, and then probing the blot with a tandem repeat-specific probe.

Overall, a combination of these methods can be used to comprehensively identify tandem repeats in genomes.

Jaeger : an accurate and fast deep-learning tool to detect bacteriophage sequences

Neel — Thu, 14 Aug 2025 04:02:05 -0500

Jaeger is a tool that utilizes homology-free machine learning to identify phage genome sequences that are hidden within metagenomes. It is capable of detecting both phages and prophages within metagenomic assemblies.

The performance of the Jaeger workflow can be significantly increased by utilizing GPUs. To enable GPU support, the CUDA Toolkit and cuDNN library must be accessible to conda.

# setup bioconda
conda config --add channels defaults
conda config --add channels bioconda
conda config --add channels conda-forge
conda config --set channel_priority strict

# create conda environment and install jaeger
mamba create -n jaeger -c nvidia -c conda-forge cuda-nvcc "python>=3.9,<3.12" pip jaeger-bio


# activate environment
conda activate jaeger

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/MGXlab/Jaeger

ChEMBL

Shruti Paniwala — Wed, 22 Jun 2022 23:09:26 -0500

ChEMBL is a manually curated database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. It brings together chemical, bioactivity and genomic data to aid the translation of genomic information into effective new drugs.

Address of the bookmark: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/

RACA: Reference-Assisted Chromosome Assembly

Priya Singh — Wed, 06 Apr 2016 09:29:50 -0500

Rreference-Assisted Chromosome Assembly (RACA), an algorithm to reliably order and orient sequence scaffolds generated by NGS and assemblers into longer chromosomal fragments using comparative genome information and paired-end reads.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23307812

http://bioen-compbio.bioen.illinois.edu/RACA/

Address of the bookmark: http://bioen-compbio.bioen.illinois.edu/RACA/

YASRA: Reference based assembler

Abhimanyu Singh — Wed, 01 Mar 2017 08:32:45 -0600

YASRA (Yet Another Short Read Assembler) performs comparative assembly of short reads using a reference genome, which can differ substantially from the genome being sequenced. Mapping reads to reference genomes makes use of LASTZ (Harris et al), a pairwise sequence aligner compatible with BLASTZ. Special scoring sets were derived to improve the performance, both in runtime and quality for 454 and Illumina sequence reads.

YASRA uses LASTZ (http://bx.psu.edu/miller_lab for released version and http://www.bx.psu.edu/~rsharris/lastz/newer for newer version) for aligning the sequences to the reference genome. Please install LASTZ (the newest version on http://www.bx.psu.edu/~rsharris/lastz/newer) and add the LASTZ binary in your executable/binary search path before installing YASRA.

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/aakrosh/YASRA

Reference Sequence Resource!

LEGE — Wed, 15 Sep 2021 21:15:22 -0500

The ENCODE project uses Reference Genomes from NCBI or UCSC to provide a consistent framework for mapping high-throughput sequencing data. In general, ENCODE data are mapped consistently to 2 human (GRCH38, hg19) and 2 mouse (mm9/mm10) genomes for historical comparability. Drosophia melanogaster experiments are mapped to either dm3 or dm6 and Caenorhabdilis elegans experiments are mapped to ce10 or ce11. T

Address of the bookmark: https://www.encodeproject.org/data-standards/reference-sequences/

ARC: pipeline which facilitates iterative, reference guided de novo assemblies

Jit — Thu, 26 Jul 2018 09:20:26 -0500

ARC is a pipeline which facilitates iterative, reference guided de novo assemblies with the intent of:

Reducing time in analysis and increasing accuracy of results by only considering those reads which should assemble together.
Reducing/removing reference bias as compared to mapping based approaches.

The software is designed to work in situations where a whole-genome assembly is not the objective, but rather when the researcher wishes to assemble discreet 'targets' contained within next-generation shotgun sequence data. ARC decomplexifies the traditionally difficult problem of assembly by breaking the reads into small, manageable subsets which can then be assembled quickly and efficiently in parallel. Applications include those in which the researcher wishes to de novo assemble specific content and a set of semi-similar reference targets is available to initialize the assembly process.

https://ibest.github.io/ARC/

Address of the bookmark: https://ibest.github.io/ARC/

320000 viruses in mammals yet to sequenced in future!!!

Rahul Agarwal — Tue, 03 Sep 2013 08:35:30 -0500

With current biological technique improvements, finally it is now possible to look at millions of unknown viruses at genomic level and understand the mechanism. According to available data, close to 70 per cent of emerging viral diseases such as HIV/AIDS, West Nile, Ebola, SARS, and influenza, are zoonoses - infections of animals that cross into humans.

To address the challenges of describing and estimating virodiversity, a team of investigators from Center for Infection and Immunity (CII) and EcoHealth Alliance began in jungles of Bangladesh - home to the flying fox.

Reference:

http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/et-cetera/mammals-harbour-at-least-320000-new-viruses/articleshow/22253268.cms

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-23932400