https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-018-4724-8

Address of the bookmark: https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-018-4724-8

Perform secondary structure predictions on protein sequences.

• Binaries for Linux/macOS
• From sources for Linux/macOS
• From sources for Windows

Address of the bookmark: https://github.com/imgag/ngs-bits

During the first phase of ENCODE, published in 2007, microarray-based technologies were used to detect regions associated with transcription factors, certain histone modifications and open chromatin within a pre-specified 1% of the human genome.

ENCODE’s second phase saw a switch to sequencing-based technologies, the addition of new assay types and the analysis of functional elements genome-wide, described in a collection of research articles in 2012.

The Encyclopedia paper of ENCODE 3, published in Nature, gives an overview of the various assays that were performed in human and mouse cell lines and tissues and describes a Registry of human and mouse candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs).

More at https://www.nature.com/immersive/d42859-020-00027-2/index.html

Adapter sequences:
Optimal enzymes for amplifying sequencing libraries.
Quail, M. a et al. Nat. Methods 9, 10-1 (2012).

GAGE:
GAGE: A critical evaluation of genome assemblies and assembly algorithms.
Salzberg, S. L. et al. Genome Res. 22, 557-67 (2012).

KMC:
Disk-based k-mer counting on a PC.
Deorowicz, S., Debudaj-Grabysz, A. & Grabowski, S. BMC Bioinformatics 14, 160 (2013).

Kraken:
Kraken: ultrafast metagenomic sequence classification using exact alignments.
Wood, D. E. & Salzberg, S. L. Genome Biol. 15, R46 (2014).

MUMmer:
Versatile and open software for comparing large genomes.
Kurtz, S. et al. Genome Biol. 5, R12 (2004).

R:
R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
R Core Team (2013). R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL http://www.R-project.org/.

RATT:
RATT: Rapid Annotation Transfer Tool.
Otto, T. D., Dillon, G. P., Degrave, W. S. & Berriman, M. Nucleic Acids Res. 39, e57 (2011).

SAMtools:
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools.
Li, H. et al. Bioinformatics 25, 2078-9 (2009).

Trimmomatic:
Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina Sequence Data.
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M. & Usadel, B. Bioinformatics 1-7 (2014).

You can try this here, or try it later on your own data.

Get data

We will use the same Illumina data as we used above:

• illumina_R1.fastq.gz: the Illumina forward reads
• illumina_R2.fastq.gz: the Illumina reverse reads

Assemble

Run Spades:

spades.py -1 illumina_R1.fastq.gz -2 illumina_R2.fastq.gz --careful --cov-cutoff auto -o spades_assembly_all_illumina

• -1 is input file of forward reads
• -2 is input file of reverse reads
• --careful minimizes mismatches and short indels
• --cov-cutoff auto computes the coverage threshold (rather than the default setting, “off”)
• -o is the output directory

Results

Move into the output directory and look at the contigs:

infoseq contigs.fasta

Address of the bookmark: https://biokit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

Starting with your current or most recent employment provide details of your position as follows:

• A chronological CV should be arranged in reverse chronological order. It should be apparent immediately where you are now.
• Remember that an application form is limited to the few things that a particular institution wants to know about everybody. A CV lets you give information that is unique to you. Add all your key accomplishments and activities in the initial draft. In subsequent drafts, you can remove information that may not be pertinent.
• Resist the temptation to append explanatory sentences or language, which will distract the reader from the basic information being presented. The language of a CV is abbreviated and succinct. When applying for residency training, you will have the opportunity to express yourself in a personal or biographical statement. In the future, when applying for a job or some other type of position, you will want to include an appropriate cover letter with your CV to explain your particular qualifications and strengths for the position.
• Don’t despair if your CV doesn’t resemble those of other students who are applying to the same residency program. Everybody’s CV is different. Even if everyone used the same format suggested in this section, your CV will not resemble others’ because it doesn’t have the same content. No residency program director is looking for a specific CV style. You will receive points for neatness, and readability.
• Be honest. If you haven’t accomplished anything in a particular category, leave it out. Don’t create accomplishments to fill in the spaces. You can be specific about your level of participation in a project or activity, but don’t be misleading (i.e., you can say you coordinated membership recruitment for your AMSA chapter, but don’t say you were “president” unless you were).

• Job title - time that you have held this position
• The key tasks and responsibilities that comprise this role's requirements - notable achievements whilst in the role
• Where possible quantify your achievements with precise facts and figures, e.g. managed junior staff, handled department budget, prepared management reports
• Expand on the skills you are using in your current job which you believe will be valuable in the position(s) for which you are applying

It is not necessary to state the reason you are leaving your current position. This will be a topic for conversation when you are invited for interview or can be covered in your letter of application.
For all previous employment, unless one appointment was more significant than your current or last position, keep details brief i.e. the name of the company, job title, period of employment and the job.
Be sure there are no gaps in your career history - unless for example you took a year out to travel, in which case make reference to this under Interests/Hobbies.
If you are a student just starting work, give any evidence you can to demonstrate your practical skills e.g. school prefect, event organisation, member of sports team, contributor to college magazine or voluntary work.

You are under no obligation to disclose marital status, age or whether or not you have children unless these are specific criteria for selection for a position that you are interested in.
Consider what examples (interests/ hobbies) you can give to show that you match the selection criteria.

If they want someone to work as part of a large team, remember to say if you belong to a local organisation or if you are part of a sports team.

If they want someone who will work on their own for large periods of time, make reference to an Open University course you are considering undertaking.

Your primary objective is to convince the prospective employer that you have the requisite skills, experience and hunger to do the job.

Your CV should be no more than two A4 pages and as every employer is different remember to customise your CV to every job you go after.

There are abundant books on the contents and presentation of a general CV. A BMJ article published in 1978, offering doctors guidance on how to prepare a CV, has been reprinted in the widely read How to do it series.1 2 A survey among postgraduate deans and training advisers at regional colleges found that the contents and presentation of a model CV for doctors in training has been published.3 It is perhaps surprising to note that these models differ significantly from one another. Although they may be useful as starting points, their differences tend to create confusion and anxiety among students. I would argue that these differences exist because the content and presentation of the "ideal" CV vary considerably among individual applicants, the stage of their careers, and the purposes for which the CV is used. It is impossible to create a generic CV. I have therefore not attempted to draw up another model CV. Rather, the purpose of this article is to outline the general principles and important practical points in preparing a good CV. General principles on contents Before finalising your CV for a particular purpose you must be sure of your objectives, whether it is used as an initial screening or the only selection instrument, and the criteria against which it is judged. What details, and how many of them, to include in your CV depends on these factors. I shall illustrate with examples relevant to medical students. 

(1) Job application Your objective is to get the job. In a job application, the CV is used for two purposes: as an initial screening instrument for shortlisting candidates and as a framework for discussion during the interview. The explicit criteria used for shortlisting are usually given in the job advertisement. For some organisations, separate lists of essential and desirable criteria are given. Alternatively, you can get a good idea of the basic requirements from the job description. Your CV must clearly highlight these criteria, preferably on the first page. These usually include: formal qualifications; registration with the General Medical Council; and the prescribed experience. It is sometimes easy to forget to mention items specifically asked for in the job description (for example, a valid driving licence). The implicit criteria are less easy to pinpoint. For example, how much detail on your BSc dissertation and publications should you include? Should you make a long list of extracurricular activities, interests outside medicine, and positions of responsibility? If you admit to a wide range of extracurricular activities and interests, would you be considered as a candidate with a well balanced mature personality or will it be interpreted to mean that you will have little time or interest to do your job? There are no easy answers. Common sense might tell you that BSc dissertation and publications are more important in application for teaching hospital or research posts, but less important for district hospital posts. Conversely, you might think that interests outside medicine are more important for posts in district hospitals or in general practice. This is, however, not always true. A few consultants at district hospital are highly academic. Information gathered from students and doctors working under the professor or consultant concerned may be vital. Alternatively, it is worth while doing your homework by looking up your prospective consultant in the medical directory. This may occasionally prompt you to include information that you might otherwise have left out. For example, you may find that the consultant qualified in Scotland and has previously worked in Scotland for a considerable time, and you may decide to add in your CV that you studied in a Scottish secondary school. Since the CV is only used as for initial screening, you need not go into your previous experience or extracurricular activities in too much detail. Highlight only the most significant points, and leave the details for the interview. If you are applying for a clinical post, one of your referees should be a consultant for whom you have worked as a student. You should ask for permission to use his/her name before submitting your application. 

(2) Application for research scholarship or PhD studentship The CV and application form are sometimes used as the sole selection instrument, and you must make enquiries before you submit your application. Clearly, academic ability is the main criterion for selection, and you should include as much information relevant to your academic ability and interests as you can. Examples are your A levels, your BSc dissertation, any publications (even in the form of a letter in newspaper), any experience as an editor (for example, for your school magazine). Your extracurricular activities are less important, and you can simply give a short list. At least one of the referees should be an academic - for example, your previous supervisor in your BSc degree.
 
(3) Application to join a clinical course in another medical school Preclinical students who have completed an intercalated degree often have the option of applying to join a clinical course in another medical school, although it may become more difficult to do so with the introduction of the new GMC curriculum. Your CV is usually used for shortlisting candidates for interview. The criteria differ slightly among medical schools, but both academic ability and contribution to university life are important. Hence, not only should you highlight your academic achievements but you must also highlight your participation in the university (for example, in sports or music). 

(4) For the information of your tutor or counsellor For most medical schools, you are allocated a tutor who provides both academic and non-academic support and monitors your progress throughout your study on a confidential basis. Students are sometimes asked to submit their up to date CV to their tutors for information. Assuming that the tutors are helpful there is little to gain from over emphasising your strengths or hiding your weaknesses. Once you become a doctor in training after you qualify you will need to undergo an annual assessment of your progress. It serves to certify that you have reached a satisfactory standard, but it is also used as an aid to identify and help with your weaknesses. You may find it difficult to balance these two purposes in presenting your CV. General principles on presentation Now that all students are computer literate, there should be few problems in preparing a well presented CV. The following list serves as a reminder on how to present your CV effectively: Spelling or grammar mistakes - do not rely purely on the spell check on your computer. Ask friends to proofread your CV for you. Consistency - The use of punctuation to open and close sentences, justification, and fonts should be consistent. Readability - The headings should be clear. The font size should be no less than 12 point. Basic criteria - The basic criteria should be easily located, preferably on the first page. Length - The length of your CV increases as you progress up the professional ladder. For students, it should generally be no more than three pages. Quality of print - The CV should be printed on good quality paper, preferably using a laser printer. Practical points In this article, I argue that different versions of a CV may be required for different purposes. Even applications for different posts in the same specialty may require slightly different versions. Also, CVs need to be updated regularly. This would have been time consuming to achieve in the past, but it is now quite simple, with the aid of a basic word processing package. A master CV containing all relevant information should be prepared and saved as a computer file. This should be continuously kept up to date. When the need for a CV arises, it can be tailormade by editing the master document. It is important to save each of these edited versions separately, with the file names indicating the date when it was created and the purpose. It is also important to prepare a cover letter to go with the CV. Key messages A good CV is essential for successful progression up the medical professional ladder The contents of the CV should be tailormade for the purpose it is used for and the criteria against which it is judged. It is important to gather information about these criteria first The CV must be technically well presented, with the basic criteria easily located Information technology has made it simple to regularly update our CVs and allows preparation of different versions of a CV for different purposes with relative ease.

Reference:

Prepare a curriculum vitae. BMJ 1978;25(2):1478-9.
O'Brien E. Prepare a curriculum vitae. In: Reece D, ed. 
How to do it. Vol 1. London: BMJ Publishing Group, 1995 Chambler AF, Chapman-Sheath PJ, Pearse MF. 
A model curriculum vitae: what are the trainers looking for? Hosp Med 1998;59(4):324-6.

Bachelor/ BS Bioinformatics at
1. Al-khair University, Bhimber
2. Government College University, Faisalabad
3. University Of Agriculture, Faisalabad
4. Comsats Institute Of Information Technology [isb], Islamabad
5. International Islamic University, Islamabad
6. Quaid-e-azam University, Islamabad
7. Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak
8. Virtual University Of Pakistan, Lahore
9. Virtual University Of Pakistan, Lahore
10. Hazara University, Mansehra
11. Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar
12. Comsats Institute Of Information Technology, Sahiwal
13. Capital University Of Science And Technology, Islamabad
14. Foundation University, Islamabad
15. Baqai Medical University/hospital, Karachi
16. Institute Of Business And Technology(main Campus), Karachi
17. Sir Syed University Of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
18. Forman Christian College, Lahore
19. Qarshi University (lhr), Lahore
20. The Superior University, Lahore
21. University Of Management And Technology, Lahore
22. Federal Institute Of Health Sciences, Lahore
23. Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, Sub Campus, Swabi
24. Government Postgraduate College ( Mandian), Abbottabad
25. Federal Institute Of Health Sciences, Multan
26. Fedral Institute Of Health Sciences, Muzaffarabad
27. The Limit Institution Of Health Sciences, Sahiwal

Master/ MS Bioinformatics cources at
1. Government College University, Faisalabad
2. Comsats Institute Of Information Technology [isb], Islamabad
3. International Islamic University, Islamabad
4. National University Of Science & Technology, Islamabad
5. Quaid-e-azam University, Islamabad
6. University Of Sindh, Jamshoro
7. Virtual University Of Pakistan, Lahore
8. Hazara University, Mansehra
9. Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar
10. Capital University Of Science And Technology, Islamabad
11. Cecos University Of Information Tech. & Emerging Sciences, Peshawar

The real bioinformatics scope lies if there are research labs which work in this field. One has to take account of that. If so then try to get information of those labs and visit them to get a hang of the work they pursue.

There is a huge buzz of precision medicine in light of genomics all around the world. One should also try to see how genomics infrastructure is built up or standing in Pakistan. If research labs having collaboration with hospitals employ genomics then one must also visit such labs. This will bring new avenues in healthcare advances. Not only it opens up the wealth of knowledge one can make out of genomics study but will also advance the critical thinking of therapies.

So I would encourage to target research labs working in the fields and also get information of hospitals employing genomics, this will give you an overall understanding of the fields demand in your country.

The position is a full-time position for a fixed term of two years. The salary depends on the successful candidate’s qualifications and experience.

For more information, please contact Prof. Dirk Repsilber,This is an email address, Prof. Hugo Hesser, This is an email addressor Prof. Allan Sirsjö, allan.This is an email address, or Prof. Robert Brummer,This is an email address.

Örebro University actively pursues an equal work environment and values the qualities that diversity adds to our operations.

More detail at https://www.oru.se/english/working-at-orebro-university/jobs-and-vacancies/job/?jid=20200286/