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	<title><![CDATA[BOL: Related items]]></title>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/related/43943?offset=10</link>
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	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/21444/a-guide-for-complete-r-beginners-installing-r-packages</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2015 20:23:34 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/21444/a-guide-for-complete-r-beginners-installing-r-packages</link>
	<title><![CDATA[A guide for complete R beginners :- Installing R packages]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Part of the reason R has become so popular is the vast array of packages available at the <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/" target="_blank">cran</a> and <a href="http://www.bioconductor.org/" target="_blank">bioconductor</a> repositories. In the last few years, the number of packages has grown <a href="http://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2010/09/what-can-other-languages-learn-from-r.html" target="_blank">exponentially</a>!</p><p>This is a short post giving steps on how to actually install R packages. Let&rsquo;s suppose you want to install the <a href="http://had.co.nz/ggplot2/" target="_blank">ggplot2</a> package. Well nothing could be easier. We just fire up an R shell and type:<br /><code><br />&gt; install.packages("ggplot2")</code></p><p>In theory the package should just install, however:</p><ul>
<li>if you are using Linux and don&rsquo;t have root access, this command won&rsquo;t work.</li>
<li>you will be asked to select your local mirror, i.e. which server should you use to download the package.</li>
</ul><h4>Installing packages without root access</h4><p>First, you need to designate a directory where you will store the downloaded packages. On my machine, I use the directory <code>/data/Rpackages/</code> After creating a package directory, to install a package we use the command:<br /><code><br />&gt; install.packages("ggplot2"</code><code>, lib="/data/Rpackages/")<br />&gt; library(ggplot2, lib.loc="/data/Rpackages/")<br /></code></p><p>It&rsquo;s a bit of a pain having to type <code>/data/Rpackages/</code> all the time. To avoid this burden,&nbsp; we create a file <code>.Renviron</code> in our home area, and add the line <code>R_LIBS=/data/Rpackages/</code> to it. This means that whenever you start R, the directory <code>/data/Rpackages/</code> is added to the list of places to look for R packages and so:</p><p><code>&gt; install.packages("ggplot2"</code><code>)<br />&gt; library(ggplot2)</code></p><p>just works!</p><h4>Setting the repository</h4><p>Every time you install a R package, you are asked which repository R should use. To set the repository and avoid having to specify this at every package install, simply:</p><ul>
<li>create a file <code>.Rprofile</code> in your home area.</li>
<li>Add the following piece of code to it:</li>
</ul><p><code><br />cat(".Rprofile: Setting UK repositoryn")<br />r = getOption("repos") # hard code the UK repo for CRAN<br />r["CRAN"] = "http://cran.uk.r-project.org"<br />options(repos = r)<br />rm(r)<br /></code></p><p>I found this tip in a stackoverflow <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1189759/expert-r-users-whats-in-your-rprofile/1189826#1189826" target="_blank">answer </a>.</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Archana Malhotra</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/22133/r-320-is-released</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2015 05:06:44 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/22133/r-320-is-released</link>
	<title><![CDATA[R 3.2.0 is released]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>R 3.2.0 (codename &ldquo;Full of Ingredients&rdquo;)&nbsp;was <a href="http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/R-3-2-0-is-released-td4705933.html" target="_blank">released yesterday</a>.&nbsp;You can get the latest binaries version <strong><a href="http://cran.rstudio.com/" target="_blank">from here</a>.</strong>&nbsp;(or the .tar.gz&nbsp;<strong>source</strong> code from <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/src/base/R-3/R-3.2.0.tar.gz" target="_blank">here</a>).&nbsp;The full list of new features and bug fixes is provided below.</p><h3>Upgrading to R 3.2.0 on Windows</h3><p>If you are using <strong>Windows&nbsp;</strong>you can easily upgrade to the latest version of R using <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/installr/" target="_blank">the installr package</a>. Simply run the following code:</p><div><table>
<tbody>
<tr id="p612572">
<td id="p61257code2">
<pre><span style="color: #228b22;"># installing/loading the latest installr package:</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff; font-weight: bold;">install.<span>packages</span></span><span style="color: #080;">(</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">"installr"</span><span style="color: #080;">)</span><span style="color: #080;">;</span> <span style="color: #0000ff; font-weight: bold;">library</span><span style="color: #080;">(</span>installr<span style="color: #080;">)</span> <span style="color: #228b22;">#load / install+load installr</span>
&nbsp;
updateR<span style="color: #080;">(</span><span style="color: #080;">)</span> <span style="color: #228b22;"># updating R.</span></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><p><span>Running &ldquo;updateR()&rdquo; will detect if there is a new R version available, and if so it will download+install it (etc.).</span></p><p><span><strong>If you are an R blogger yourself</strong> you are invited to <a href="http://www.r-bloggers.com/add-your-blog/">add your own R content feed to this site</a> (<strong>Non-English</strong> R bloggers should add themselves- <a href="http://www.r-bloggers.com/lang/add-your-blog">here</a>)</span></p><h4>NEW FEATURES</h4><ul>
<li><code>anyNA()</code> gains a <code>recursive</code> argument.</li>
<li>When <code>x</code> is missing and <code>names</code> is not false (including the default value), <code>Sys.getenv(x, names)</code> returns an object of class <code>"Dlist"</code> and hence prints tidily.</li>
<li>(Windows.) <code>shell()</code> no longer consults the environment variable <span>SHELL</span>: too many systems have been encountered where it was set incorrectly (usually to a path where software was compiled, not where it was installed). <span>R_SHELL</span>, the preferred way to select a non-default shell, can be used instead.</li>
<li>Some unusual arguments to <code>embedFonts()</code> can now be specified as character vectors, and the defaults have been changed accordingly.</li>
<li>Functions in the <code>Summary</code> group duplicate less. (<a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=15798" target="_blank">PR#15798</a>)</li>
<li>(Unix-alikes.) <code>system(cmd, input = )</code> now uses &lsquo;shell-execution-environment&rsquo; redirection, which will be more natural if <code>cmd</code> is not a single command (but requires a POSIX-compliant shell). (Wish of <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=15508" target="_blank">PR#15508</a>)</li>
<li><code>read.fwf()</code> and <code>read.DIF()</code> gain a <code>fileEncoding</code> argument, for convenience.</li>
<li>Graphics devices can add attributes to their description in <code>.Device</code> and <code>.Devices</code>. Several of those included with <strong>R</strong> use a <code>"filepath"</code> attribute.</li>
<li><code>pmatch()</code> uses hashing in more cases and so is faster at the expense of using more memory. (<a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=15697" target="_blank">PR#15697</a>)</li>
<li><code>pairs()</code> gains new arguments to select sets of variables to be plotted against each other.</li>
<li><code>file.info(, extra_cols = FALSE)</code> allows a minimal set of columns to be computed on Unix-alikes: on some systems without properly-configured caching this can be significantly faster with large file lists.</li>
<li>New function <code>dir.exists()</code> in package <span>base</span> to test efficiently whether one or more paths exist and are directories.</li>
<li><code>dput()</code> and friends gain new controls <span>hexNumeric</span> and <span>digits17</span> which output double and complex quantities as, respectively, binary fractions (exactly, see <code>sprintf("%a")</code>) and as decimals with up to 17 significant digits.</li>
<li><code>save()</code>, <code>saveRDS()</code> and <code>serialize()</code> now support <code>ascii = NA</code> which writes ASCII files using <code>sprintf("%a")</code> for double/complex quantities. This is read-compatible with <code>ascii = TRUE</code> but avoids binary-&gt;decimal-&gt;binary conversions with potential loss of precision. Unfortunately the Windows C runtime&rsquo;s lack of C99 compliance means that the format cannot be read correctly there in <strong>R</strong> before 3.1.2.</li>
<li>The default for <code>formatC(decimal.mark =)</code> has been changed to be <code>getOption("OutDec")</code>; this makes it more consistent with <code>format()</code> and suitable for use in print methods, e.g. those for classes <code>"density"</code>, <code>"ecdf"</code>, <code>"stepfun"</code> and <code>"summary.lm"</code>.
<p><code>getOption("OutDec")</code> is now consulted by the print method for class <code>"kmeans"</code>, by <code>cut()</code>, <code>dendrogram()</code>, <code>plot.ts()</code> and <code>quantile()</code> when constructing labels and for the report from<code>legend(trace = TRUE)</code>.</p>
<p>(In part, wish of <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=15819" target="_blank">PR#15819</a>.)</p>
</li>
<li><code>printNum()</code> and hence <code>format()</code> and <code>formatC()</code> give a warning if <code>big.mark</code> and <code>decimal.mark</code> are set to the same value (period and comma are not uncommonly used for each, and this is a check that conventions have not got mixed).</li>
<li><code>merge()</code> can create a result which uses long vectors on 64-bit platforms.</li>
<li><code>dget()</code> gains a new argument <code>keep.source</code> which defaults to <code>FALSE</code> for speed (<code>dput()</code> and <code>dget()</code> are most often used for data objects where this can make <code>dget()</code> many times faster).</li>
<li>Packages may now use a file of common macro definitions in their help files, and may import definitions from other packages.</li>
<li>A number of macros have been added in the new &lsquo;<span>share/Rd</span>&rsquo; directory for use in package overview help pages, and <code>promptPackage()</code> now makes use of them.</li>
<li><code>tools::parse_Rd()</code> gains a new <code>permissive</code> argument which converts unrecognized macros into text. This is used by <code>utils:::format.bibentry</code> to allow LaTeX markup to be ignored.</li>
<li><code>options(OutDec =)</code> can now specify a multi-byte character, e.g., <code>options(OutDec = "u00b7")</code> in a UTF-8 locale.</li>
<li><code>is.recursive(x)</code> is no longer true when <code>x</code> is an external pointer, a weak reference or byte code; the first enables <code>all.equal(x, x)</code> when <code>x .</code></li>
<li><code>ls()</code> (aka <code>objects()</code>) and <code>as.list.environment()</code> gain a new argument <code>sorted</code>.</li>
<li>The <code>"source"</code> attribute (which has not been added to functions by <strong>R</strong> since before <strong>R</strong> version 2.14.0) is no longer treated as special.</li>
<li>Function <code>returnValue()</code> has been added to give <code>on.exit()</code> code access to a function&rsquo;s return value for debugging purposes.</li>
<li><code>crossprod(x, y)</code> allows more matrix coercions when <code>x</code> or <code>y</code> are vectors, now equalling <code>t(x) %*% y</code> in these cases (also reported by Radford Neal). Similarly, <code>tcrossprod(x,y)</code> and <code>%*%</code> work in more cases with vector arguments.</li>
<li>Utility function <code>dynGet()</code> useful for detecting cycles, aka infinite recursions.</li>
<li>The byte-code compiler and interpreter include new instructions that allow many scalar subsetting and assignment and scalar arithmetic operations to be handled more efficiently. This can result in significant performance improvements in scalar numerical code.</li>
<li><code>apply(m, 2, identity)</code> is now the same as the matrix <code>m</code> when it has <em>named</em> row names.</li>
<li>A new function <code>debuggingState()</code> has been added, allowing to temporarily turn off debugging.</li>
<li><code>example()</code> gets a new optional argument <code>run.donttest</code> and <code>tools::Rd2ex()</code> a corresponding <code>commentDonttest</code>, with a default such that <code>example(..)</code> in help examples will run <code>donttest</code> code only if used interactively (a change in behaviour).</li>
<li><code>rbind.data.frame()</code> gains an optional argument <code>make.row.names</code>, for potential speedup.</li>
<li>New function <code>extSoftVersion()</code> to report on the versions of third-party software in use in this session. Currently reports versions of <code>zlib</code>, <code>bzlib</code>, the <code>liblzma</code> from <code>xz</code>, PCRE, ICU, TRE and the <code>iconv</code> implementation.
<p>A similar function <code>grSoftVersion()</code> in package <span>grDevices</span> reports on third-party graphics software.</p>
<p>Function <code>tcltk::tclVersion()</code> reports the Tcl/Tk version.</p>
</li>
<li>Calling <code>callGeneric()</code> without arguments now works with primitive generics to some extent.</li>
<li><code>vapply(x, FUN, FUN.VALUE)</code> is more efficient notably for large <code>length(FUN.VALUE)</code>; as extension of <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16061" target="_blank">PR#16061</a>.</li>
<li><code>as.table()</code> now allows tables with one or more dimensions of length 0 (such as <code>as.table(integer())</code>).</li>
<li><code>names(x) now clears the names of call and <code>...</code> objects.</code></li>
<li><code>library()</code> will report a warning when an insufficient dependency version is masking a sufficient one later on the library search path.</li>
<li>A new <code>plot()</code> method for class <code>"raster"</code> has been added.</li>
<li>New <code>check_packages_in_dir_changes()</code> function in package <span>tools</span> for conveniently analyzing how changing sources impacts the check results of their reverse dependencies.</li>
<li>Speed-up from Peter Haverty for <code>ls()</code> and <code>methods:::.requirePackage()</code> speeding up package loading. (<a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16133" target="_blank">PR#16133</a>)</li>
<li>New <code>get0()</code> function, combining <code>exists()</code> and <code>get()</code> in one call, for efficiency.</li>
<li><code>match.call()</code> gains an <code>envir</code> argument for specifying the environment from which to retrieve the <code>...</code> in the call, if any; this environment was wrong (or at least undesirable) when the<code>definition</code> argument was a function.</li>
<li><code>topenv()</code> has been made <code>.Internal()</code> for speedup, based on Peter Haverty&rsquo;s proposal in <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16140" target="_blank">PR#16140</a>.</li>
<li><code>getOption()</code> no longer calls <code>options()</code> in the main case.</li>
<li>Optional use of <code>libcurl</code> (version 7.28.0 from Oct 2012 or later) for Internet access:
<ul>
<li><code>capabilities("libcurl")</code> reports if this is available.</li>
<li><code>libcurlVersion()</code> reports the version in use, and other details of the <code>"libcurl"</code> build including which URL schemes it supports.</li>
<li><code>curlGetHeaders()</code> retrieves the headers for <code>http://</code>, <code>https://</code>, <code>ftp://</code> and <code>ftps://</code> URLs: analysis of these headers can provide insights into the &lsquo;existence&rsquo; of a URL (it might for example be permanently redirected) and is so used in <code>R CMD check --as-cran</code>.</li>
<li><code>download.file()</code> has a new optional method <code>"libcurl"</code> which will handle more URL schemes, follow redirections, and allows simultaneous downloads of multiple URLs.</li>
<li><code>url()</code> has a new method <code>"libcurl"</code> which handles more URL schemes and follows redirections. The default method is controlled by a new option <code>url.method</code>, which applies also to the opening of URLs <em>via</em> <code>file()</code> (which happens implicitly in functions such as <code>read.table</code>.)</li>
<li>When <code>file()</code> or <code>url()</code> is invoked with a <code>https://</code> or <code>ftps://</code> URL which the current method cannot handle, it switches to a suitable method if one is available.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>(Windows.) The DLLs &lsquo;<span>internet.dll</span>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<span>internet2.dll</span>&rsquo; have been merged. In this version it is safe to switch (repeatedly) between the internal and Windows internet functions within an <strong>R</strong>session.
<p>The Windows internet functions are still selected by flag <span>&ndash;internet2</span> or <code>setInternet2()</code>. This can be overridden for an <code>url()</code> connection <em>via</em> its new <code>method</code> argument.</p>
<p><code>download.file()</code> has new method <code>"wininet"</code>, selected as the default by <span>&ndash;internet2</span> or <code>setInternet2()</code>.</p>
</li>
<li><code>parent.env&lt;-</code> can no longer modify the parent of a locked namespace or namespace imports environment. Contributed by Karl Millar.</li>
<li>New function <code>isLoadedNamespace()</code> for readability and speed.</li>
<li><code>names(env)</code> now returns all the object names of an <code>environment</code> <code>env</code>, equivalently to <code>ls(env, all.names = TRUE, sorted = FALSE)</code> and also to the names of the corresponding list,<code>names(as.list(env, all.names = TRUE))</code>. Note that although <code>names()</code> returns a character vector, the names have no particular ordering.</li>
<li>The memory manager now grows the heap more aggressively. This reduces the number of garbage collections, in particular while data or code are loaded, at the expense of slightly increasing the memory footprint.</li>
<li>New function <code>trimws()</code> for removing leading/trailing whitespace.</li>
<li><code>cbind()</code> and <code>rbind()</code> now consider S4 inheritance during S3 dispatch and also obey <code>deparse.level</code>.</li>
<li><code>cbind()</code> and <code>rbind()</code> will delegate recursively to <code>methods::cbind2</code> (<code>methods::rbind2</code>) when at least one argument is an S4 object and S3 dispatch fails (due to ambiguity).</li>
<li>(Windows.) <code>download.file(quiet = FALSE)</code> now uses text rather than Windows progress bars in non-interactive use.</li>
<li>New function <code>hsearch_db()</code> in package <span>utils</span> for building and retrieving the help search database used by <code>help.search()</code>, along with functions for inspecting the concepts and keywords in the help search database.</li>
<li>New function <code>.getNamespaceInfo()</code>, a no-check version of <code>getNamespaceInfo()</code> mostly for internal speedups.</li>
<li>The help search system now takes <span>keyword</span> entries in Rd files which are not standard keywords (as given in &lsquo;<span>KEYWORDS</span>&rsquo; in the <strong>R</strong> documentation directory) as concepts. For standard keyword entries the corresponding descriptions are additionally taken as concepts.</li>
<li>New <code>lengths()</code> function for getting the lengths of all elements in a list.</li>
<li>New function <code>toTitleCase()</code> in package <span>tools</span>, tailored to package titles.</li>
<li>The matrix methods of <code>cbind()</code> and <code>rbind()</code> allow matrices as inputs which have <em>2^31</em> or more elements. (For <code>cbind()</code>, wish of <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16198" target="_blank">PR#16198</a>.)</li>
<li>The default method of <code>image()</code> has an explicit check for a numeric or logical matrix (which was always required).</li>
<li><code>URLencode()</code> will not by default encode further URLs which appear to be already encoded.</li>
<li><code>BIC(mod)</code> and <code>BIC(mod, mod2)</code> now give non-NA numbers for <code>arima()</code> fitted models, as <code>nobs(mod)</code> now gives the number of &ldquo;used&rdquo; observations for such models. This fixes <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16198" target="_blank">PR#16198</a>, quite differently than proposed there.</li>
<li>The <code>print()</code> methods for <code>"htest"</code>, <code>"pairwise.htest"</code> and <code>"power.htest"</code> objects now have a <code>digits</code> argument defaulting to (a function of) <code>getOption("digits")</code>, and influencing all printed numbers coherently. Unavoidably, this changes the display of such test results in some cases.</li>
<li>Code completion for namespaces now recognizes all loaded namespaces, rather than only the ones that are also attached.</li>
<li>The code completion mechanism can now be replaced by a user-specified completer function, for (temporary) situations where the usual code completion is inappropriate.</li>
<li><code>unzip()</code> will now warn if it is able to detect truncation when unpacking a file of 4GB or more (related to <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16243" target="_blank">PR#16243</a>).</li>
<li><code>methods()</code> reports S4 in addition to S3 methods; output is simplified when the <code>class</code> argument is used. <code>.S3methods()</code> and <code>methods::.S4methods()</code> report S3 and S4 methods separately.</li>
<li>Higher order functions such as the <code>apply</code> functions and <code>Reduce()</code> now force arguments to the functions they apply in order to eliminate undesirable interactions between lazy evaluation and variable capture in closures. This resolves <a href="https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=16093" target="_blank">PR#16093</a>.</li>
</ul><p>More at http://cran.rstudio.com/</p><p>Reference: http://www.r-bloggers.com/r-3-2-0-is-released-using-the-installr-package-to-upgrade-in-windows-os/</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Neel</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/26424/biotoolbox</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2016 09:14:44 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/26424/biotoolbox</link>
	<title><![CDATA[BioToolbox]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>This is a collection of libraries and high-quality end-user scripts for bioinformatic analysis, including working with gene annotation, collecting data scores from a variety of modern file formats, and conversion between file formats. The Bio::ToolBox libraries provide a unified, abstracted interface to multiple common gene annotation formats and the collection of data from multiple data files. They rely on BioPerl SeqFeature libraries and related adaptors to access binary file formats including Bam, BigWig, BigBed, and USeq. The Bio::ToolBox package includes scripts for setting up databases of annotation, collecting annotated features, collecting genomic data relative to features, manipulating and analyzing data, and data format conversion.</p>
<p>More at http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/TJPARNELL/</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/TJPARNELL/" rel="nofollow">http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/TJPARNELL/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/1161/genomics-for-bioinformatician</guid>
	<pubDate>Sat, 20 Jul 2013 07:03:00 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/1161/genomics-for-bioinformatician</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Genomics for Bioinformatician]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Genomics is the study of the genomes of organisms. The field includes intensive efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping efforts. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes does not fall into the definition of genomics unless the aim of this genetic, pathway, and functional information analysis is to elucidate its effect on, place in, and response to the entire genome's networks.<br /><br />Genomics was established by Fred Sanger when he first sequenced the complete genomes of a virus and a mitochondrion. His group established techniques of sequencing, genome mapping, data storage, and bioinformatic analyses in the 1970-1980s. A major branch of genomics is still concerned with sequencing the genomes of various organisms, but the knowledge of full genomes has created the possibility for the field of functional genomics, mainly concerned with patterns of gene expression during various conditions. The most important tools here are microarrays and bioinformatics. Study of the full set of proteins in a cell type or tissue, and the changes during various conditions, is called proteomics. A related concept is materiomics, which is defined as the study of the material properties of biological materials (e.g. hierarchical protein structures and materials, mineralized biological tissues, etc.) and their effect on the macroscopic function and failure in their biological context, linking processes, structure and properties at multiple scales through a materials science approach. The actual term 'genomics' is thought to have been coined by Dr. Tom Roderick, a geneticist at the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) over beer at a meeting held in Maryland on the mapping of the human genome in 1986.<br /><br />The outcome of almost two years of intense discussions with literally hundreds of scientists and members of the public, has three major areas of focus: Genomics to Biology, Genomics to Health, and Genomics to Society.<br /><br /><strong><em>Genomics to Biology:</em></strong>&nbsp;<br />The human genome sequence provides foundational information that now will allow development of a comprehensive catalog of all of the genome's components, determination of the function of all human genes, and deciphering of how genes and proteins work together in pathways and networks.<br /><br /><strong><em>Genomics to Health:<br /></em></strong>Completion of the human genome sequence offers a unique opportunity to understand the role of genetic factors in health and disease, and to apply that understanding rapidly to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This opportunity will be realized through such genomics-based approaches as identification of genes and pathways and determining how they interact with environmental factors in health and disease, more precise prediction of disease susceptibility and drug response, early detection of illness, and development of entirely new therapeutic approaches.<br /><br /><strong><em>Genomics to Society:</em>&nbsp;<br /></strong>Just as the HGP has spawned new areas of research in basic biology and in health, it has created new opportunities in exploring the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of such work. These include defining policy options regarding the use of genomic information in both medical and non-medical settings and analysis of the impact of genomics on such concepts as race, ethnicity, kinship, individual and group identity, health, disease, and "normality" for traits and behaviors.<br /><br />This vision for the future of genomics is not just about the NHGRI. It encompasses the whole field of genomics, including the work of all the other Institutes and Centers at the NIH and of a number of other federal agencies. All of the NIH Institutes are already taking full advantage of the sequence and will apply its data to the better understanding of both rare and common diseases, almost all of which have a genetic component. A recent example of the way that the HGP and the knowledge and new technologies it has spawned are already facilitating science is the extremely rapid sequencing by groups in Canada and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta of the genome of the virus that causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The sequencing of the SARS virus genome provides insight into this new and deadly disease at a speed never before possible in science. In turn, this should lead to the rapid development of diagnostic tests and, in time, vaccines and effective treatments.<br /><br /><strong>Links for the addition material available on Net</strong></p><p><a href="http://pevsnerlab.kennedykrieger.org/bioinformatics/bioinf10_genomes.htm">Genomes and genomics:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.123genomics.com/learning.html">Bioinformatics and Genomics:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/docs/roadshow_tutorial/strgenomics/tutorial.html">Structural genomics tutorial:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/Users/Philippe.Gautier/tutorial/index.html">Comparative Genomics Tutorial:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.scfbio-iitd.res.in/tutorial/genomics.html">GENOME TUTORIAL:</a></p><p><a href="http://genomebiology.com/content/pdf/gb-2001-3-1-reviews2001.pdf">Tools and resources for identifying protein families, domains and motifs</a></p><p><a href="http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/tools.shtml">Bioinformatics Tools</a><a href="http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/tools.shtml">&nbsp;<br />Tips, Tutorials, and Terminology for Using Selected Resources in Genome Database Guide:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/Reprints/R31%20Strong%20A%20Web-based%20Comparative%20Genomics%20tutorial%20Microbiology%20Eduction%202004.pdf">A Web-Based Comparative Genomics Tutorial for Investigating Microbial Genomes:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.genome.gov/27530225">Free Online Tutorials Teach Anyone How to Use Genome Databases:</a></p><p><a href="http://mkweb.bcgsc.ca/circos/?tutorials">Circos to create concise, explanatory, unique and print-ready visualizations of your data:</a></p><p><a href="http://www.igd.cornell.edu/Comparative%20Genomics/Comparative%20Genomics%20Proj.html">Genomics and Comparative Genomics</a><a href="http://www.igd.cornell.edu/Comparative%20Genomics/Comparative%20Genomics%20Proj.html">&nbsp;Learning Module:</a></p><p><a href="http://psb.stanford.edu/psb10/conference-materials/tutorials/compgen-notes.pdf">Computational Challenges in Comparative Genomics</a></p><p><a href="http://psb.stanford.edu/psb10/conference-materials/tutorials/compgen-notes.pdf">A Tutorial:</a></p><p><a href="http://gramene.agrinome.org/tutorials/modules_tutorial.pdf">A Comparative Genomics Resource for Grains</a>:</p><p><a href="http://www.plantcell.org/cgi/content/full/21/12/3718">PLAZA: A Comparative Genomics Resource to Study Gene and Genome Evolution in Plants:</a></p><p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VISTA_(comparative_genomics)">VISTA</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VISTA_(comparative_genomics)">:</a></p><p>Software for Genomics</p><ol>
<li><strong>Artemis</strong>&nbsp;Artemis is a free genome viewer and annotation tool that allows visualization of sequence features and the results of analyses within the context of the sequence, and its six-frame translation.</li>
<li><strong>Chromas&nbsp;</strong>It will display and prints chromatogram files from ABI automated DNA sequencers, and Staden SCF files which the analysis programs for ALF, Li-Cor and Visible Genetics OpenGene sequencers can create.</li>
<li><strong>Glimmer</strong>&nbsp;A system for finding genes in microbial DNA, especially the genomes of bacteria and archaea.Glimmer (Gene Locator and Interpolated Markov Modeler) uses interpolated Markov models (IMMs) to identify the coding regions and distinguish them from noncoding DN</li>
<li><strong>Glimmer</strong>&nbsp;HMM&nbsp;A fast and accurate gene finder based on a GHMM architecture, developed specifically for eukaryotes. It incorporates splice site models adapted from the GeneSplicer program and uses interpolated Markov models for evaluating the coding regions.</li>
<li><strong>Glimmer</strong>&nbsp;M&nbsp;A gene finder derived from Glimmer, but developed specifically for eukaryotes. It is based on a dynamic programming algorithm that considers all combinations of possible exons for inclusion in a gene model and chooses the best of these combinations. The d</li>
<li><strong>MUMmer</strong>&nbsp;MUMmer is a system for rapidly aligning entire genomes, whether in complete or draft form.</li>
<li><strong>pDRAW</strong>&nbsp;pDRAW32 is being developed as a free time hobby project. It is far from finished, but as it has reached a point where it could be helpful for many labs, it is now available to the scientific community.</li>
<li><strong>Sequin</strong>&nbsp;Sequin is a stand-alone software tool developed by the NCBI for submitting and updating entries to the GenBank, EMBL, or DDBJ sequence databases. It is capable of handling simple submissions that contain a single short mRNA sequence, and complex submissio</li>
<li><strong>Staden&nbsp;</strong>The Staden Package consists of a series of tools for DNA sequence preparation (pregap4), assembly (gap4), editing (gap4) and DNA/protein sequence analysis (spin).</li>
</ol><p>For more software @&nbsp;<a href="http://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/926/list-of-popular-bioinformatics-softwaretools">http://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/926/list-of-popular-bioinformatics-softwaretools</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jitendra Narayan</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36239/scilifelab-tutorial-for-bioinformatics-analysis</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 17 Apr 2018 04:33:00 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/36239/scilifelab-tutorial-for-bioinformatics-analysis</link>
	<title><![CDATA[SciLifeLab tutorial for bioinformatics analysis !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>SciLifeLab is a national center for molecular biosciences with focus on health and environmental research.</p>
<h2 id="courses">Courses</h2>
<p><a href="http://uppnex.se/twiki/bin/view/Courses/">Old courses (2012-2014)</a></p>
<h3 id="metagenomics-workshop">Metagenomics Workshop</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/Metagenomics/1511/">2015 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/Metagenomics/1611/">2016 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/Metagenomics/1711/">2017 November - Uppsala</a></p>
<h3 id="introduction-to-bioinformatics-using-ngs-data">Introduction to Bioinformatics Using NGS Data</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1502/">2015 February - Uppsala</a>&nbsp;<br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1505/">2015 May - Gothenburg</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1509/">2015 September - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1511/">2015 November - Lund</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1601/">2016 January - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1604/">2016 April - Link&ouml;ping</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1609/">2016 September - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1611/">2016 November - Ume&aring;</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1701/">2017 January - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1705/">2017 May - Gothenburg</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1709/">2017 September - Lund</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1711/">2017 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/ngsintro/1802/">2018 February - Uppsala</a></p>
<h3 id="introduction-to-genome-annotation">Introduction to Genome Annotation</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/annotation/2015/">2015 April - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/annotation/2016/">2016 April - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/annotation/2017/">2017 April - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/annotation/2018/">2018 May - Uppsala</a></p>
<h3 id="de-novo-genome-assembly">De Novo Genome Assembly</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/assembly/1611/">2016 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/assembly/2017-11-15/">2017 November - Uppsala</a></p>
<h3 id="rna-seq-course">RNA-seq course</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/1510/">2015 October - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/1604/">2016 April - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/1610/">2016 October - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/1703/">2017 March - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/1711/">2017 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/rnaseq/labs">RNAseq tutorials</a></p>
<h3 id="r-programming-foundations-for-life-scientists">R Programming Foundations for Life Scientists</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/r_programming/1611/">2016 November - Uppsala</a><br><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/r_programming/1703/">2017 Mars - Uppsala</a></p>
<h3 id="single-cell-rna-sequencing-analysis">Single cell RNA sequencing analysis</h3>
<p><a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/scrnaseq/1710/">2017 October - Uppsala</a></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/" rel="nofollow">https://scilifelab.github.io/courses/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40489/machine-learning-training-and-courses-in-bioinformatics</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 31 Dec 2019 19:33:07 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/40489/machine-learning-training-and-courses-in-bioinformatics</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Machine learning training and courses in bioinformatics !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Machine learning techniques have been successful in analyzing biological data because of their capabilities in handling randomness and uncertainty of data noise and in generalization. In this class, we will learn basics about probabilistic models and machine learning techniques. We will focus on probabilistic models (Markov models, Hidden Markov models, and Bayesian networks) for biological sequence analysis and systems biology. Other machine learning techniques, such as Naive bayes, neural networks and SVMs will only be covered briefly.</p>
<p>More at&nbsp;http://homes.sice.indiana.edu/yye/lab/teaching/spring2017-I529/</p>
<p>More tutorial at&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://calla.rnet.missouri.edu/cheng_courses/mlbioinfo/mlbioinfo.htm">http://calla.rnet.missouri.edu/cheng_courses/mlbioinfo/mlbioinfo.htm</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.raetschlab.org/lectures/MLBioinformatics">http://www.raetschlab.org/lectures/MLBioinformatics</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.raetschlab.org/lectures/bertinoro08">http://www.raetschlab.org/lectures/bertinoro08</a></p>
<p>Book at&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="https://personal.utdallas.edu/~pradiptaray/teaching/7_deep_learning_bioinfo.pdf">https://personal.utdallas.edu/~pradiptaray/teaching/7_deep_learning_bioinfo.pdf</a></p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="http://homes.sice.indiana.edu/yye/lab/teaching/spring2017-I529/" rel="nofollow">http://homes.sice.indiana.edu/yye/lab/teaching/spring2017-I529/</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
</item>

<item>
  <guid isPermaLink='true'>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/opportunity/view/43292/bioinformatics-scientist-production-bioinformatics-south-san-francisco-ca</guid>
  <pubDate>Thu, 19 Aug 2021 08:45:24 -0500</pubDate>
  <link></link>
  <title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics Scientist, Production Bioinformatics @ South San Francisco, CA]]></title>
  <description><![CDATA[
<p>wist is looking for a Bioinformatics Scientist to join our Production Bioinformatics Team. You will work alongside research scientists, software engineers and data scientists to further deliver on our mission to expand access to best-in-class synthetic biology and next-generation sequencing applications. You will be developing and engineering tools to better evaluate and build hardened, production quality pipelines, optimize data quality, and automate lab and bioinformatics processes. Our ideal candidate is an organized problem solver with a background in developing and building novel production-quality bioinformatics tools and packages. Equally excellent communication skills and a proven ability to work independently are required.</p>

<p>More at https://boards.greenhouse.io/twistbioscience/jobs/3135495?gh_src=9ecc0b941us</p>
]]></description>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35805/python-learning-resources-for-bioinformatics-and-computational-biologist</guid>
	<pubDate>Fri, 02 Mar 2018 06:54:15 -0600</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/pages/view/35805/python-learning-resources-for-bioinformatics-and-computational-biologist</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Python learning resources for bioinformatics and computational biologist !]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Python is a general-purpose language, which means it can be used to build just about anything, which will be made easy with the right tools/libraries.</p><p>Professionally, Python is great for backend web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and scientific computing. Many developers have also used Python to build productivity tools, games, and desktop apps, so there are plenty of resources to help you learn how to do those as well.</p><p>For pros and cons visit&nbsp;http://www.bestprogramminglanguagefor.me/why-learn-python and&nbsp;http://bioinformaticsonline.com/discussion/view/459/python-vs-perl</p><p>More resources at&nbsp;https://github.com/CodementorIO/Python-Learning-Resources</p><p>Following are the list of useful python programming resources:</p><ul>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/20-python-libraries-you-arent-using-but-should.csp">20 Python Libraries You Aren't Using (But Should)</a>&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/A_Beginner%27s_Python_Tutorial">A Beginner's Python Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="https://python.swaroopch.com/">A Byte of Python</a>&nbsp;(3.x) (HTML, PDF, EPUB, Mobi)</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/RafeKettler/magicmethods">A Guide to Python's Magic Methods</a>&nbsp;- Rafe Kettler</li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/files/a-whirlwind-tour-of-python.pdf">A Whirlwind Tour of Python</a>&nbsp;- Jake VanderPlas (PDF)&nbsp;<a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/a-whirlwind-tour-of-python.csp?download=yes">(EPUB, MOBI)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://automatetheboringstuff.com/chapter0/">Automate the Boring Stuff</a>&nbsp;- Al Sweigart</li>
<li><a href="http://biopython.org/DIST/docs/tutorial/Tutorial.pdf">Biopython</a>&nbsp;(PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://github.com/thewhitetulip/build-app-with-python-antitextbook">Build applications in Python the antitextbook</a>&nbsp;(3.x) (HTML, PDF, EPUB, Mobi)</li>
<li><a href="https://www.packtpub.com/packt/free-ebook/python-machine-learning-algorithms">Building Machine Learning Systems with Python</a>&nbsp;- Willi Richert &amp; Luis Pedro Coelho, Packt.&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.itmaybeahack.com/book/oodesign-python-2.1/latex/BuildingSkillsinOODesign.pdf">Building Skills in Object-Oriented Design (Python)</a>&nbsp;(PDF) (2.1.1)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.itmaybeahack.com/book/python-2.6/latex/BuildingSkillsinPython.pdf">Building Skills in Python</a>&nbsp;(PDF) (2.6)</li>
<li><a href="http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html">Code Like a Pythonista: Idiomatic Python</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.codecademy.com/learn/python">CodeCademy Python</a></li>
<li><a href="http://composingprograms.com/">Composing Programs</a>&nbsp;(3.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161016153130/http://www.brpreiss.com/books/opus7/html/book.html">Data Structures and Algorithms in Python</a>&nbsp;- B. R. Preiss (PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://getpython3.com/diveintopython3/">Dive into Python 3</a>&nbsp;- Mark Pilgrim (3.0)
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.diveintopython.net/">Dive into Python</a>&nbsp;- Mark Pilgrim (2.3)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.labri.fr/perso/nrougier/from-python-to-numpy/">From Python to NumPy</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.fullstackpython.com/">Full Stack Python</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/functional-programming-python.csp">Functional Programming in Python</a>&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://python.cs.southern.edu/pythonbook/pythonbook.pdf">Fundamentals of Python Programming</a>&nbsp;- Richard L. Halterman (PDF) (3.2)</li>
<li><a href="https://developers.google.com/edu/python/">Google's Python Class</a>&nbsp;(2.4 - 2.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://google.github.io/styleguide/pyguide.html">Google's Python Style Guide</a></li>
<li><a href="http://inventwithpython.com/hacking/chapters/">Hacking Secret Cyphers with Python</a>&nbsp;- Al Sweigart (3.3)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/hadoop-with-python.csp">Hadoop with Python</a>&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://ianozsvald.com/HighPerformancePythonfromTrainingatEuroPython2011_v0.2.pdf">High Performance Python</a>&nbsp;(PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/">Hitchhiker's Guide to Python!</a>&nbsp;(2.6)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/files/how-to-make-mistakes-in-python.pdf">How to Make Mistakes in Python</a>&nbsp;- Mike Pirnat (PDF) (1st edition)</li>
<li><a href="http://interactivepython.org/courselib/static/thinkcspy/index.html">How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python, Interactive Edition</a>&nbsp;(3.2)
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/thinkCSpy/">How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python</a>&nbsp;- Allen B. Downey, Jeff Elkner and Chris Meyers (2.4)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/">Think Python</a>&nbsp;- Allen B. Downey (2.x &amp; 3.0)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://book.pythontips.com/en/latest/index.html">Intermediate Python</a>&nbsp;- Muhammad Yasoob Ullah Khalid (1st edition)</li>
<li><a href="http://opentechschool.github.io/python-beginners/en/">Introduction to Programming with Python</a>&nbsp;(3.3)
<ul>
<li><a href="http://python-ebook.blogspot.co.uk/">Introduction to Programming Using Python</a>&nbsp;- Cody Jackson (1st edition) (2.3)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://kracekumar.com/post/71171551647/introduction-to-python">Introduction to Python</a>&nbsp;- Kracekumar (2.7.3)</li>
<li><a href="http://inventwithpython.com/chapters/">Invent Your Own Computer Games With Python</a>&nbsp;- Al Sweigart (3.1)</li>
<li><a href="http://learnpythonbreakpython.com/">Learn Python, Break Python</a></li>
<li><a href="https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/python/">Learn Python in Y minutes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://learnpythonthehardway.org/book/">Learn Python The Hard Way</a>&nbsp;(2.5 - 2.6)</li>
<li><a href="https://www.ida.liu.se/~732A47/literature/PythonBook.pdf">Learn to Program Using Python</a>&nbsp;- Cody Jackson (PDF)</li>
<li><a href="https://www.packtpub.com/packt/free-ebook/learning-python">Learning Python</a>&nbsp;- Fabrizio Romano, Packt.&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.alan-g.me.uk/">Learning to Program</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/jrjohansson/scientific-python-lectures">Lectures on scientific computing with python</a>&nbsp;- J.R. Johansson (2.7)</li>
<li><a href="http://inventwithpython.com/pygame/chapters/">Making Games with Python &amp; Pygame</a>&nbsp;- Al Sweigart (2.7)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/sites/default/files/modeling-creativity.pdf">Modeling Creativity: Case Studies in Python</a>&nbsp;- Tom D. De Smedt (PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.nltk.org/book/">Natural Language Processing with Python</a>&nbsp;(3.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Non-Programmer%27s_Tutorial_for_Python_3">Non-Programmer's Tutorial for Python 3</a>&nbsp;(3.3)
<ul>
<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Non-Programmer%27s_Tutorial_for_Python_2.6">Non-Programmer's Tutorial for Python 2.6</a>&nbsp;(2.6)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/from-future-import-python.csp">Picking a Python Version: A Manifesto</a>&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://python3porting.com/">Porting to Python 3: An In-Depth Guide</a>&nbsp;(2.6 - 2.x &amp; 3.1 - 3.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://launchpadlibrarian.net/165489933/PracticalProgrammingPython2014.pdf">Practical Programming in Python</a>&nbsp;- Jeffrey Elkner (PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://interactivepython.org/runestone/static/pythonds/index.html">Problem Solving with Algorithms and Data Structures using Python</a>&nbsp;- Bradley N. Miller and David L. Ranum</li>
<li><a href="http://programarcadegames.com/">Program Arcade Games With Python And Pygame</a>&nbsp;(3.3)</li>
<li><a href="http://programmingcomputervision.com/downloads/ProgrammingComputerVision_CCdraft.pdf">Programming Computer Vision with Python</a>&nbsp;(PDF)</li>
<li><a href="https://docs.python.org/2/download.html">Python 2 Official Documentation</a>&nbsp;(PDF, HTML, TEXT) (2.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/python/web/">Python 2.7 quick reference</a>&nbsp;- New Mexico Tech (2.7)</li>
<li><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/download.html">Python 3 Official Documentation</a>&nbsp;(PDF, EPUB, HTML, TEXT) (3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1230000000393/index.html">Python Cookbook</a>&nbsp;- David Beazley</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook">Python Data Science Handbook</a>&nbsp;- Jake VanderPlas (HTML, Jupyter Notebooks)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.kevinsheppard.com/images/0/09/Python_introduction.pdf">Python for Econometrics</a>&nbsp;- Kevin Sheppard (PDF) (2.7.5)</li>
<li><a href="http://py4e.com/book.php">Python for Everybody Exploring Data Using Python 3</a>&nbsp;- Charles Severance (PDF, EPUB, HTML)
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.pythonlearn.com/book.php">Python for Informatics: Exploring Information</a>&nbsp;(2.7.5)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://pymbook.readthedocs.org/en/latest/">Python for you and me</a>&nbsp;(2.7.3)</li>
<li><a href="http://pymbook.readthedocs.org/en/py3/">Python for you and me</a>&nbsp;(3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://safehammad.com/downloads/python-idioms-2014-01-16.pdf">Python Idioms</a>&nbsp;(PDF)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/python-in-education.csp">Python in Education</a>&nbsp;<em>(Just fill the fields with any values)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.greenteapress.com/pythonhydro/pythonhydro.html">Python in Hydrology</a>&nbsp;- Sat Kumar Tomer</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/gregmalcolm/python_koans">Python Koans</a>&nbsp;(2.7 or 3.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://pymotw.com/3/">Python Module of the Week</a>&nbsp;(3.x)
<ul>
<li><a href="https://pymotw.com/2/">Python Module of the Week</a>&nbsp;(2.x)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://books.goalkicker.com/PythonBook/">Python Notes for Professionals</a>&nbsp;- Compiled from StackOverflow documentation (3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://anandology.com/python-practice-book/index.html">Python Practice Book</a>&nbsp;(2.7.1)</li>
<li><a href="http://pythonpracticeprojects.com/">Python Practice Projects</a></li>
<li><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Python_Programming.pdf">Python Programming</a>&nbsp;(PDF) (2.6)</li>
<li><a href="http://scipy-lectures.github.io/">Scipy Lecture Notes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61a/sp12/book/">SICP in Python</a>&nbsp;(3.2)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.briggs.net.nz/snake-wrangling-for-kids.html">Snake Wrangling For Kids</a>&nbsp;(3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://python3porting.com/">Suporting Python 3: An In-Depth Guide</a>&nbsp;(2.6 - 2.x &amp; 3.1 - 3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1234000000754/index.html">Test-Driven Web Development with Python</a>&nbsp;(3.3 - 3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://gnosis.cx/TPiP/">Text Processing in Python</a>&nbsp;- David Mertz (2.3 - 2.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.spronck.net/pythonbook/">The Coder's Apprentice: Learning Programming with Python 3</a>&nbsp;- Pieter Spronck (PDF) (3.x)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.jython.org/jythonbook/en/1.0">The Definitive Guide to Jython, Python for the Java Platform</a>&nbsp;- Josh Juneau, Jim Baker, Victor Ng, Leo Soto, Frank Wierzbicki (2.5)</li>
<li><a href="http://docs.quantifiedcode.com/python-anti-patterns/">The Little Book of Python Anti-Patterns</a>&nbsp;(<a href="https://github.com/quantifiedcode/python-anti-patterns">Source</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://niche-canada.org/research/niche-digital-infrastructure-project/the-programming-historian/">The Programming Historian</a>&nbsp;- William J. Turkel, Adam Crymble and Alan MacEachern</li>
<li><a href="http://mirnazim.org/writings/python-ecosystem-introduction/">The Python Ecosystem: An Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="http://python-gtk-3-tutorial.readthedocs.org/en/latest/">The Python GTK+ 3 Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://effbot.org/librarybook/">The Standard Python Library</a>&nbsp;- Fredrik Lundh</li>
<li><a href="http://greenteapress.com/complexity/">Think Complexity</a>&nbsp;- Allen B. Downey (2nd Edition) (PDF, HTML)</li>
<li><a href="http://web2py.com/book">Web2py: Complete Reference Manual, 6th Edition (pre-release)</a>&nbsp;(2.5 - 2.x)</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Python_Programming">Wikibooks: Python Programming</a>&nbsp;(2.7)</li>
</ul>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Jit</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/39606/amity-university-bioinformatics-summer-program-kolkata</guid>
	<pubDate>Tue, 11 Jun 2019 21:27:10 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/news/view/39606/amity-university-bioinformatics-summer-program-kolkata</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Amity University Bioinformatics Summer Program - Kolkata]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<p>Registrations are now open for the 2019 Summer Bioinformatics Training program at Amity University, Kolkata. The program will focus on introductory topics for life science students. We will review important history, topics and challenges bioinformatics can help address in the context of basic research, discovery and industry.</p><p>Read more: https://edu.t-bio.info/amity-university-summer-bioinformatics-program-registrations-are-open/</p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>eliabrodsky</dc:creator>
</item>
<item>
	<guid isPermaLink="true">https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/10394/bioinformatics-protocols</guid>
	<pubDate>Mon, 05 May 2014 10:21:41 -0500</pubDate>
	<link>https://bioinformaticsonline.com/bookmarks/view/10394/bioinformatics-protocols</link>
	<title><![CDATA[Bioinformatics Protocols]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[<h2><span> RNA Seq </span></h2>
<p><strong> Basic Galaxy Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1KbTiBHtvHLfPRZ39AY3uriazrINA8TJzgjjwn1zPP7Y">RNA-Seq tutorial</a> based on <a href="http://www.nature.com/protocolexchange/protocols/2327">Trapnell et al. (2012)</a> <em>Nature Protocols</em></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this tutorial we cover the concepts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA-Seq">RNA-Seq</a> differential gene expression (DGE) analysis using a very small synthetic dataset from a well studied organism.</dd></dl>
<p><strong> Advanced Galaxy Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fQ1XfeOKhezJUDTzMXtZVY20c3RGoHe-HLvFOGzqU4s/pub">RNA-Seq (Advanced) Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this tutorial we compare the performance of three statistically-based differential expression tools:</dd><dd>* CuffDiff</dd><dd>* EdgeR</dd><dd>* DESeq2</dd></dl>
<p><strong> Advanced Command Line Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ayJXtgBP1OXtnV7o7lq4QHKMNk5SdPHFq4hGkqndBtI/pub">Graphical Output with CummeRbund</a> introduces some basic commands using the cummeRbund package of the R programming language</li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>You will need to install R, RStudio and cummeRbund on your PC (explained in the Tutorial). You will learn how to produce graphical output from RNA-Seq analysis previously done using a Cuffdiff analysis.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> Variant Detection </span></h2>
<p><strong> Basic Galaxy Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1ZRzrjjOCvtAu3m-IKL-rbJ1f4On60dDL_IEwG7oejdI">Variant Detection tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this tutorial we cover the concepts of detecting small variants (SNVs and indels) in human genomic DNA using a small set of reads from chromosome 22.</dd></dl>
<p><strong>Advanced Galaxy Tutorial</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1CuKkKylVDb03tnN7RSWl5EUzleetn0ctjmvaidPKLxM">Variant Detection (Advanced) Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this tutorial we compare the performance of three statistically-based variant detection tools:</dd><dd>* SAMtools: Mpileup</dd><dd>* GATK: Unified Genotyper</dd><dd>* FreeBayes</dd><dd>Each of these tools takes as its input a BAM file of aligned reads and generates a list of likely variants in VCF format</dd></dl>
<p><strong>Pipelines</strong> are for those who are comfortable with using the UNIX command line; and often allow more control over branching and iteration logic.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/claresloggett/variant_calling_pipeline">WGS/exome GATK-based variant calling pipeline</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>This is a basic variant-calling and annotation pipeline developed at the Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI), University of Melbourne. It is based around BWA, GATK and ENSEMBL and was originally designed for human (or similar) data. The master branch is configured for WGS data; there is an exome branch configured for variant calling in exome data.</dd><dd>To run the pipeline you will need Rubra: <a href="https://github.com/bjpop/rubra">https://github.com/bjpop/rubra</a>. Rubra uses the python Ruffus library: <a href="http://www.ruffus.org.uk/">http://www.ruffus.org.uk/</a>.</dd></dl>
<p><strong>Protocols</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lfDYNzHjfDA1pHTHd-0w3xHhg7L4TipT1gRfzgiV8es/pub">Familial Variant Calling</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this protocol we discuss and outline the process of calling familial related mutations.</dd></dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PIhm8NrFGaSK0hxpDcp8wUOz11ZkOaHIrpnJshMgDec/pub">Somatic Variant Calling</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this protocol we discuss and outline the process of identifying somatic variants or mutations.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> Assembly </span></h2>
<p><strong> Basic Galaxy Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1N3AB9ptISUu4zULqe1kXpVF0BDyGb5f5yzxWSJd_WNM">Genome assembly tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this tutorial we carry out de novo assembly of a microbial genome. We have also written a <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xs-TI5MejQARqo0pcocGlymsXldwJbJII890gnmjI0o/pub">De novo Genome Assembly for Illumina Data</a> Protocol for a more generic description of the method.</dd></dl>
<p><strong> Protocol </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xs-TI5MejQARqo0pcocGlymsXldwJbJII890gnmjI0o/pub">De novo Genome Assembly for Illumina Data</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this protocol we discuss and outline the process of de novo assembly for small to medium sized genomes. Use our <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1N3AB9ptISUu4zULqe1kXpVF0BDyGb5f5yzxWSJd_WNM">Genome assembly tutorial</a> to learn a specific case of using Galaxy to carry out de novo assembly of a microbial genome.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> Small RNAs </span></h2>
<p><strong> Basic Galaxy Tutorial </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1WAObJr7M0m8U-2ku-0Y0Sdt_IHmqd1h8WaJHPhnJ1lM/pub">Quality control for small RNA</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>This tutorial covers initial steps of the workflow for analysis of short RNA expression such as a quality control of the raw reads, processing of the raw reads for the subsequent analysis and initial quality assessment of the library.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> ChIP Seq </span></h2>
<p><strong> Protocol </strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UPJC8dsiDeP5R9MH9U0IvoDgPF2Q3EOstAuzS3e6WCE/pub">ChIP-Seq</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this protocol we discuss ChIP-Seq: a method to analyze the interaction between proteins and DNA.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> Amplicons </span></h2>
<p><strong>Protocol</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uW7JzxG86QzS92hTyeuNsLhX_d1XFbaZPSjh7jWxcSg/pub">Amplicon Alignment</a></li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>In this protocol we discuss and outline the process of aligning custom amplicons using primers for high precision.</dd></dl>
<h2><span> Learn Galaxy </span></h2>
<p><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wsdJDYfjZVg2uJxm9AHi_j0mY3X1M1F4gB-elkuYL7c/pub">Introduction to Galaxy,</a> for those who are very new to Galaxy.</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1t7vVqa3mdeZYPv5-8hiHBFBYhNiynV_3mWByno9-wUM/pub">Using Histories and Workflows,</a> for those with some Galaxy knowledge.</p>
<p>The Galaxy project website has many <a href="http://wiki.galaxyproject.org/Learn">tutorials</a> and <a href="http://wiki.galaxyproject.org/Learn/Screencasts">screencasts</a> about using Galaxy and the tools, and developing new tools.</p><p>Address of the bookmark: <a href="https://genome.edu.au/wiki/Learn" rel="nofollow">https://genome.edu.au/wiki/Learn</a></p>]]></description>
	<dc:creator>Rahul Nayak</dc:creator>
</item>

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