BOL: Related items

Software for genome assembly !

LEGE — Sun, 30 Aug 2020 09:51:38 -0500

List of bioinformatics tools/Software Website References for genome assembly:

1 Falcon https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/pb-assembly

2 Canu assembler http://canu.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

3 Miniasm assembler https://github.com/lh3/miniasm

4 PBJelly scaffolding tool https://sourceforge.net/projects/pb-jelly/

5 ARCS scaffolding tool https://github.com/bcgsc/arcs

6 Redundans reduction and scaffolding tool https://github.com/Gabaldonlab/redundans

7 Arrow error correction https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/ GenomicConsensus

8 PILON error correction https://github.com/broadinstitute/pilon/wiki

9 BUSCO single copy gene markers http://busco.ezlab.org/

10 Bandage graph assembly viewer https://rrwick.github.io/Bandage/

11 Gepard dotter http://cube.univie.ac.at/gepard

12 MUMmer aligner and plotter http://mummer.sourceforge.net/

Frequently used bioinformatics tools for viral genome analysis !

Neel — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 07:40:41 -0500

IVA: accurate de novo assembly of RNA virus genomes.
Hunt M, Gall A, Ong SH, Brener J, Ferns B, Goulder P, Nastouli E, Keane JA, Kellam P, Otto TD.
Bioinformatics. 2015 Jul 15;31(14):2374-6. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv120. Epub 2015 Feb 28.

Adapter sequences:
Optimal enzymes for amplifying sequencing libraries.
Quail, M. a et al. Nat. Methods 9, 10-1 (2012).

GAGE:
GAGE: A critical evaluation of genome assemblies and assembly algorithms.
Salzberg, S. L. et al. Genome Res. 22, 557-67 (2012).

KMC:
Disk-based k-mer counting on a PC.
Deorowicz, S., Debudaj-Grabysz, A. & Grabowski, S. BMC Bioinformatics 14, 160 (2013).

Kraken:
Kraken: ultrafast metagenomic sequence classification using exact alignments.
Wood, D. E. & Salzberg, S. L. Genome Biol. 15, R46 (2014).

MUMmer:
Versatile and open software for comparing large genomes.
Kurtz, S. et al. Genome Biol. 5, R12 (2004).

R:
R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
R Core Team (2013). R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL http://www.R-project.org/.

RATT:
RATT: Rapid Annotation Transfer Tool.
Otto, T. D., Dillon, G. P., Degrave, W. S. & Berriman, M. Nucleic Acids Res. 39, e57 (2011).

SAMtools:
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools.
Li, H. et al. Bioinformatics 25, 2078-9 (2009).

Trimmomatic:
Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina Sequence Data.
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M. & Usadel, B. Bioinformatics 1-7 (2014).

Short-read assembly using Spades !

Abhimanyu Singh — Mon, 31 Jan 2022 07:18:16 -0600

If we only had Illumina reads, we could also assemble these using the tool Spades.

You can try this here, or try it later on your own data.

Get data

We will use the same Illumina data as we used above:

illumina_R1.fastq.gz: the Illumina forward reads
illumina_R2.fastq.gz: the Illumina reverse reads

Assemble

Run Spades:

spades.py -1 illumina_R1.fastq.gz -2 illumina_R2.fastq.gz --careful --cov-cutoff auto -o spades_assembly_all_illumina

-1 is input file of forward reads
-2 is input file of reverse reads
--careful minimizes mismatches and short indels
--cov-cutoff auto computes the coverage threshold (rather than the default setting, “off”)
-o is the output directory

Results

Move into the output directory and look at the contigs:

infoseq contigs.fasta

Mitochondrial genome assembly tools !

Abhi — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 00:37:18 -0500

Mitochondrial genome assembly tools are specialized software and algorithms designed to accurately reconstruct the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) from sequencing data, typically obtained through techniques like next-generation sequencing (NGS). The mitochondrial genome is relatively small compared to the nuclear genome, making it an ideal target for assembly. Here are some commonly used mitochondrial genome assembly tools:

MitoFinder: Mitofinder is a pipeline to assemble mitochondrial genomes and annotate mitochondrial genes from trimmed read sequencing data.

MitoHiFi: a python pipeline for mitochondrial genome assembly from PacBio high fidelity reads

MITObim: MITObim is a tool specifically developed for the iterative assembly of mitochondrial genomes. It starts with a reference mitogenome and iteratively refines the assembly using the read data.

MITOS: MITOS is a web-based platform that provides a pipeline for annotating mitochondrial genomes. It integrates multiple software tools for assembly, annotation, and visualization of mitogenomes.

MIRA: MIRA (Mimicking Intelligent Read Assembly) is a versatile genome assembly tool that can be used for mitochondrial genome assembly. It supports various sequencing technologies and allows for reference-based or de novo assembly.

NOVOPlasty: NOVOPlasty is a user-friendly tool designed for de novo assembly of organelle genomes, including mitochondria. It utilizes a seed-and-extend algorithm and is suitable for both short-read and long-read data.

MITOS2: MITOS2 is an updated version of the MITOS pipeline, which automates the annotation of mitochondrial genomes. It provides improved accuracy and additional features for mitochondrial genome analysis.

GetOrganelle: While primarily designed for chloroplast genome assembly, GetOrganelle can also be used for mitochondrial genome assembly. It is particularly useful for dealing with high-throughput sequencing data.

SPAdes: SPAdes (St. Petersburg genome assembler) is a versatile genome assembly tool that can be employed for mitochondrial genome assembly, especially when dealing with complex datasets that may contain nuclear mitochondrial DNA sequences (numts).

IDBA-UD: IDBA-UD (Iterative De Bruijn Graph De Novo Assembler) is another de novo assembly tool that can be used for mitochondrial genome assembly, especially in cases with relatively low coverage.

Velvet: Velvet is a de novo assembly tool that can be applied to mitochondrial genome assembly, especially when working with short-read data.

When selecting a mitochondrial genome assembly tool, it's important to consider the specific characteristics of your sequencing data, such as read length and coverage, as well as the complexity of the mitochondrial genome. Additionally, some tools are better suited for specific organisms or research objectives, so choosing the right tool will depend on your particular project requirements.

Check Linux server configuration !!

Rahul Nayak — Tue, 06 May 2014 01:10:57 -0500

Bioinformatician uses servers for computational analysis. Sometime we need to check the server details before running our programs or tools. Here I am showing some basic commands using them you can gather the system/server information.

To check what version of Operating System is installed on the server you can use the following commands:-
=================================================================
1.cat /etc/issue
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)
Kernel \r on an \m

2.cat /etc/redhat-release
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)

3.lsb_release -a
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:    :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description:    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)
Release:        5.5
Codename:       Tikanga

To check whether the operating system is 32 or 64bit:-
================================
# uname -i
[root@localhost ~]# uname -i
i386
(i386 represents that server is having 32bit operating system)

[root@localhost ~]# uname -i
x86_64
(x86_64 represents that server is having 64bit operating system)

To see the processor/CPU information:-
=============================
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
[root@localhost ~] cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 15
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU            5130 @ 2.00GHz
stepping        : 6
cpu MHz         : 1995.087
cache size      : 4096 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 2
core id         : 0
cpu cores       : 2
apicid          : 0
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 10
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm
bogomips        : 3990.17
(Here processor number 0 indicates that the system is having one process(processor number starts with zero))

To check memory information:-
===========================
# free -m
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          5066       3513       1552          0        612       2319
-/+ buffers/cache:        582       4484
Swap:         1983          0       1983

# cat /proc/meminfo
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:      5187752 kB
MemFree:       1639300 kB
Buffers:        627024 kB
Cached:        2374944 kB
SwapCached:          0 kB
Active:        2458788 kB
Inactive:       920964 kB
HighTotal:     4325164 kB
HighFree:      1561936 kB
LowTotal:       862588 kB
LowFree:         77364 kB
SwapTotal:     2031608 kB
SwapFree:      2031608 kB
Dirty:             704 kB
Writeback:           0 kB
AnonPages:      377892 kB
Mapped:          35328 kB
Slab:           153036 kB
PageTables:       6316 kB
NFS_Unstable:        0 kB
Bounce:              0 kB
CommitLimit:   4625484 kB
Committed_AS:   977132 kB
VmallocTotal:   116728 kB
VmallocUsed:      4492 kB
VmallocChunk:   112124 kB
HugePages_Total:     0
HugePages_Free:      0
HugePages_Rsvd:      0
Hugepagesize:     2048 kB

To check the model and serial name of the server:-
=======================================
[root@localhost ~]# dmidecode | egrep -i "product name|Serial number"
Product Name: PowerEdge R710
Serial Number: AB8CDE1


To check the host name:-
=====================
[root@localhost ~]# uname -n
localhost

[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost

To check the kernel version:-
========================
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.18-238.9.1.el5PAE

Bioinformatician's summer vacation !!!

Jit — Wed, 03 Sep 2014 13:11:50 -0500

Yes, the bioinformatician do spend their summer vacation like this. They spend more time on cheking the JOBS running on various servers.

SLURM

Jit — Wed, 04 May 2016 05:13:21 -0500

SLURM workload manager software, a free open-source workload manager designed specifically to satisfy the demanding needs of high performance computing.

This page is a HOWTO guide for setting up a SLURM installation, currently focused on a CentOS 7 Linux OS. Please send feedback to Ole.H.Nielsen /at/ fysik.dtu.dk.

See the SLURM homepage (also https://computing.llnl.gov/linux/slurm/).

Address of the bookmark: https://wiki.fysik.dtu.dk/niflheim/SLURM

Installing ELGG on Ubuntu !

Jit — Thu, 25 Nov 2021 01:45:59 -0600

Follow this:

Settings file

Error

Your web server does not have permission to create the settings.php file in your installation directory. You have two choices:

1. Change the permissions on the elgg-config directory of your Elgg installation

2. Copy the file elgg-config/settings.example.php to elgg-config/settings.php and follow the instructions in it for setting your database parameters.

To resolve this --

Change the permision

chmod 777 elgg-config

Web server

Warning

Your server does not support automatic testing of the rewrite rules and your browser does not support checking via JavaScript. You can continue the installation, but you may experience problems with your site. You can manually test the rewrite rules by clicking this link: test. You will see the word success if the rules are working.

create a .httaccess

and provide detail in it

Installation of Elgg

(Note: Elgg requires installing an instance of MySQL.)

Steps to make adjustment and disposal of trial installations easier.

MySQL

At this point, we assume you've set up your MySQL database

Start your mysqld server daemon.
(For the sake of this example, we'll assume we're running on port 9999; you shouldn't actually use this port because only one daemon can run on any port number.)
Login to the server as root user, using the mysql client.
Create a database to store Elgg's tables. We'll call the database elggalpha.
mysql> create database elggalpha;

Grant access to a user — for this example we'll call him/her elggalphauser.

mysql> grant all privileges on elggalpha.* to 'elggalphauser'@'moxie'
    -> identified by 'secretpassword';

Elgg

Type umask 022
Change into your public_html directory (aka folder).
cd public_html
make a directory called elgg
mkdir elgg
Change into the elgg subdirectory of public_html.
cd elgg
download elgg into this directory
you'll end up with a file named
/home/your-user-id/public_html/elgg/elgg-X.X.X.X.zip
(It's not literally X.X.X.X, it might be elgg-1.8.0.1.zip, for example.)
unzip elgg
unzip -q elgg-1.8.0.1.zip
you'll end up with a directory (folder) named
/home/your-user-id/public_html/elgg/elgg-X.X.X.X
make a symbolic link (aka shortcut) to this
ln -s elgg-X.X.X.X alpha
(For example, ln -s elgg-1.8.0.1 alpha)
Give user nobody access to this directory
/usr/misc/bin/acl.sh -r -u nobody elgg-1.8.0.1
create a data directory for elgg (get into your home directory first):
```
cd
mkdir -p elgg/alpha/data
chmod -R 755 elgg/alpha/data
```
Change into the elgg/alpha directory.
cd elgg/alpha
Give user nobody access to this subdirectory data
/usr/misc/bin/acl.sh -u nobody data

In your browser, navigate to your elgg installation
http://moxie.cs.oswego.edu/~your-user-id/elgg/alpha/
You'll have a screen which includes this message:

Welcome

Installing Elgg has 6 simple steps and reading this welcome is the first one!

If you haven't already, read through the installation instructions included with Elgg (or click the instructions link at the bottom of the page).

If you are ready to proceed, click the Next button.

Follow configuration process:

The first screen probably will contain a success message in green and a failure message in pink:
```
Requirements check

Your server failed the requirements check. After you have fixed the below issues, refresh this
page. Check the troubleshooting links at the bottom of this page if you need further assistance.
PHP
```
Your server's PHP satisfies all of Elgg's requirements.
```
Web server
```
We think your server is running the Apache web server. The rewrite test failed and the most likely cause is that AllowOverride is not set to All for Elgg's directory. This prevents Apache from processing the .htaccess file which contains the rewrite rules. A less likely cause is Apache is configured with an alias for your Elgg directory and you need to set the RewriteBase in your .htaccess. There are further instructions in the .htaccess file in your Elgg directory.
```
Database
```
The database requirements are checked when Elgg loads its database.
To correct this, replace the .htaccess file that Elgg created with one that you can edit:
```
cp -ip .htaccess temp-htaccess
rm .htaccess
mv temp-htaccess .htaccess
```
Edit the .htaccess file: Go to approximately line 101 (where it says #RewriteBase /) and add the line:
RewriteBase /~your-user-id/elgg/alpha/
Be sure to save the edited file.
Click the Refresh button.
If this hasn't fixed things, seek professional help.
Click the Next button.

Fill in the parameters appropriate to your MySQL installation.

Database installation

If you haven't already created a database for Elgg, do that now. Then fill in the values below to
initialize the Elgg database.

Database Username

elggalphauser

User that has full priviledges to the MySQL database that you created for Elgg

Database Password

secretpassword

Password for the above database user account

Database Name

elggalpha

Name of the Elgg database

Database Host

^‡

moxie:9999

Hostname of the MySQL server (usually localhost)
‡You might need to use 127.0.0.1:9999 for the host
    if you haven't set up MySQL as we've done.



Database Table Prefix

elgg_

The prefix given to all of Elgg's tables (usually elgg_)

Continue filling in forms as requested.

Configure site

Database has been installed.

We need some information about the site as we configure Elgg. If you haven't created a data directory for Elgg, you need to do so now.

Site Name

My Elgg Site version Alpha

The name of your new Elgg site

Site Email Address

your-user-id@oswego.edu

Email address used by Elgg for communication with users

Site URL

http://moxie.cs.oswego.edu/~your-user-id/elgg/alpha/

The address of the site (Elgg usually guesses this correctly)

Elgg Install Directory

/home/your-user-id/public_html/elgg/elgg.1.8.0.1/

The directory where you put the Elgg code (Elgg usually guesses this correctly)

Data Directory

/home/your-user-id/elgg/alpha/data

The directory that you created for Elgg to save files (the permissions on this directory are checked
when you click Next)

Default Site Access

Public

The default access level for new user created content

Create admin account

Site settings have been saved.

It is now time to create an administrator's account.

Display Name

The name that is displayed on the site for this account

Email Address

Username

Account username used for logging in

Password

Account password must be at least 6 characters long

Password Again

Retype password to confirm

dbCAN: a web server and DataBase for automated Carbohydrate-active enzyme ANnotation

Jit — Mon, 29 May 2017 05:39:29 -0500

dbCAN is a web server and DataBase for automated Carbohydrate-active enzyme ANnotation, funded by the BioEnergy Science Center of the DOE. Similar resources on the web include CAZy database and CAT. All data in dbCAN are generated based on the family classification from CAZy database while it has the following unique features compared with CAZy database and CAT:

dbCAN provides the capability of automated and comprehensive CAZyme annotation of a given genome submitted by the user;
dbCAN provides an explicitly defined signature domain for each and every CAZyme family along with its location in all the relevant full-length CAZyme proteins in all sequenced genomes;
dbCAN provides the most complete set of metagenomic CAZyme genes published so far and represents the first step towards discovering novel CAZyme catalysts in metagenomes;
dbCAN provides a subfamily classification of the existing CAZyme families based on sequence similarities;
dbCAN make all pre-computed data freely available to the public, including sequence alignments, hidden markov models (HMMs) and phylogenies of the signature domain regions in each and every CAZyme family and subfamily.

dbCAN is updated regularly when CAZy database created new families based on latest literature.

Address of the bookmark: http://csbl.bmb.uga.edu/dbCAN/index.php

BUSCA: an integrative web server to predict subcellular localization of proteins

BioStar — Thu, 07 Feb 2019 14:08:11 -0600

BUSCA (Bologna Unified Subcellular Component Annotator) is a web-server for predicting protein subcellular localization. BUSCA integrates different tools to predict localization-related protein features (DeepSig, TPpred3, PredGPI and ENSEMBLE3.0) as well as tools for discriminating subcellular localization of both globular and membrane proteins (BaCelLo, MemLoci and SChloro).

Address of the bookmark: http://busca.biocomp.unibo.it/