August1-2, 2014

Organised By

Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility
Department of Biochemistry
University of Lucknow
Lucknow-226007

Course Contents

Molecular Modeling
Homology Modeling
Molecular Docking
Post-structural Analyses

Molecular Dynamics (MD)
Simulation
Linux Introduction
Gromacs Installation

MD Simulation of Protein ligand complex
Analyses of MD
Trajectories
Visualization of Dynamic
complexes

Important Dates

Registration Begins June 25, 2014
Registration Closes July 25, 2014

Brochure : www.lkouniv.ac.in/conference/Brochure_August,%202014.pdf

Qualifications
Students currently in their pre-final or final year of BSc/BE/BTech or first year MSc/ME/MTech or equivalent with a good academic record are encouraged to apply through IMSc's formal application process.

To apply through the summer program jointly organized by the Academies of Science, please check the Indian Academy of Sciences for their application process: http://web-japps.ias.ac.in:8080/fellowship2018/index.html.
Stipend
Selected students will be paid 2nd class round trip train fare plus Rs.200 per diem. Accommodation will be provided in the hostel during summer, subject to availability. Since our ability to provide accomodation is often limited, we suggest that students also explore alternative possibilities for stay in Chennai. Accommodation will not be provided for longer visits.

Application Process
To apply for our summer programs please follow the instructions for the respective fields:
Theoretical Physics
Mathematics
Theoretical Computer Science
Computational Biology

Other information
If you have more questions about our application procedures, about your eligibility or simply about life and work at IMSc, do write to any of the faculty members listed on our home page.

Reference

Cuccuru G1, Orsini M, Pinna A, Sbardellati A, Soranzo N, Travaglione A, Uva P, Zanetti G, Fotia G. (2014) Orione, a web-based framework for NGS analysis in microbiology. Bioinformatics [Epub ahead of print]. [article]

Address of the bookmark: http://orione.crs4.it/

PhD Opportunities in Denmark Denmark boasts a robust academic infrastructure with world-class universities. Here are some essential resources:

Study in Denmark: https://studyindenmark.dk

Aarhus University: https://phd.au.dk

Euraxess Denmark: https://euraxess.dk

Technical University of Denmark (DTU): https://dtu.dk

University of Copenhagen: https://phd.ku.dk

Copenhagen Business School: https://cbs.dk

Jobindex: https://jobindex.dk

Roskilde University: https://ruc.dk

University of Southern Denmark: https://sdu.dk

Academic Positions Denmark: https://academicpositions.dk

PhD Opportunities in Sweden Sweden is renowned for its innovation-driven academic culture. Here’s where you can find opportunities:

FindAPhD Sweden: https://findaphd.com/phds/sweden

Euraxess Sweden: https://euraxess.se

Academic Positions Sweden: https://academicpositions.se

KTH Royal Institute of Technology: https://kth.se

Lund University: https://lu.se

Uppsala University: https://uu.se

Chalmers University of Technology: https://chalmers.se

Linköping University: https://liu.se

Stockholm University: https://su.se

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): https://slu.se

Study in Sweden: https://studyinsweden.se

Malmö University: https://mau.se

PhD Opportunities in Norway Norway offers unique research opportunities, complemented by its stunning natural landscapes:

JobbNorge: https://jobbnorge.no

Euraxess Norway: https://euraxess.no

University of Oslo: https://uio.no

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU): https://ntnu.edu

Norwegian Business School (BI): https://bi.edu

Norwegian School of Economics: https://nhh.no

Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU): https://nmbu.no

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences: https://nih.no

University of Bergen: https://uib.no

Nord University: https://nord.no

UiT The Arctic University of Norway: https://uit.no

PhD Opportunities in Finland Finland’s education system emphasizes research excellence and innovation. Explore these resources:

FindAPhD Finland: https://findaphd.com/phds/finland

Euraxess Finland: https://euraxess.fi

University of Helsinki: https://helsinki.fi

Aalto University: https://aalto.fi

University of Turku: https://utu.fi

Tampere University: https://tuni.fi

University of Eastern Finland: https://uef.fi

University of Jyväskylä: https://jyu.fi

Åbo Akademi University: https://abo.fi

Hanken School of Economics: https://hanken.fi

LUT University: https://lut.fi

Conclusion The Nordic countries offer exceptional opportunities for PhD aspirants. From top-ranked universities to specialized research institutions, the possibilities are endless. Bookmark PhD Hut as your starting point, and let these resources guide you to your academic aspirations.

Most people who have a balanced translocation have the right amount of chromosome material but it has been rearranged in some way. This may happen if two chromosomes swap pieces (a reciprocal translocation). In other cases two whole chromosomes may become stuck together (a Robertsonian translocation). This page describes what happens when someone has a reciprocal translocation.

Reciprocal chromosomal translocations occur following double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA when a section of one chromosome is exchanged with that of another, non-homologous chromosome. These exchanges may produce a dysfunctional fusion gene that disrupts cell growth and survival pathways, such as the translocations seen in leukemia and childhood sarcomas.

Chromosomal translocations have been well studied in cancer cell lines which are associated with two types of cancer, acute myeloid leukemia and Ewing's sarcoma, but determining how they contribute to cancer development is complicated by additional mutations and altered gene expression profiles in these cultured cells. Now, Juan Carlos Ramirez, head of the Viral Vector Facility at the Fundacion Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and his colleagues Raul Torres at CNIC and Sandra Rodriguez-Peralez at the Spanish National Cancer Center (CNIO) in Madrid, Spain have used a new genome editing tool, CRISPR-Cas9, to induce chromosomal translocations for the first time in a human cell line and in primary cells. The study's authors conclude by stating that the use of this technology will allow for the clarification of how and why chromosomal translocation occurs, which without doubt will allow new anti-cancer therapeutic strategies to be tackled.

Using RNA-Guided Endonuclease (RGEN) technology or CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering technology, CNIO and CNIC researchers have shown that it is possible to obtain such chromosomal translocations. The CRISPR-Cas9 system is extremely simple to introduce a cut at the desired locus, easier to design, and cheaper than many other systems. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, Ramirez and his colleagues reproduced the translocations observed in Ewing’s Sarcoma (ES) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patient cell lines in HEK293 cells and also generated the ES translocation in human mesenchymal stem cells and the AML translocation in umbilical cord blood cells.

By focusing on chromosomal translocation without the confounding characteristics of established cell lines, these new cells lines should help answer the fundamental question of what causes a cell to become cancerous. Ramirez and his team now look forward to modeling other chromosome translocations in a variety of cell types.

Reference:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomal_translocation

http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140603/ncomms4964/abs/ncomms4964.html

Campaign calendar:

- Opening date for applications: January 30, 2020
- Deadline for applications: March 5, 2020
- Pre-selections: April-May 2020
- Final selections: May-June 2020
- Starting date for appointments: from September 2020

More at https://jobs.inrae.fr/en/open-competitions/open-competions-research-scientists-crcn

Brief description: We are looking for suitable candidates in the area o computational biology/bioinformatics/genomics or related field for next-generation sequencing (NGS) data analysis for small-RNAs, RNA-Seq and targeted resequencing of plants and associated organisms. We are an interdisciplinary group where projects equally involve bioinformatics and systems biology (specially microarrays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) data analysis and its use), along with plant molecular biology, genetic engineering, field biology, and analytical plant chemistry for understanding response of plants to biotic stresses.

Essential qualification: MSc/BTech/MTech/PhD (or other suitable qualification) in disciplines preferable to bioinformatics, computational biology, computer application (or equivalent)/ ‘Advance Post-Graduate Diploma in Bioinformatics’. Proficiency in programming languages (such as Perl, C++) and/or statistics (proficient in R for example) is compulsory.

Desirable qualification: Experience in the field of genomics e.g. microarray analysis, NGS, genome annotation, database development and management, software development, systems and network biology (or related fields) will be preferred.

Application process: Applications should contain CV along with brief description (maximum 1 page) of research conducted (highlighting skills and experience) till now. Applications should be sent by e-mail to Shree Prakash Pandey, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, WB, India within 14 days of this advertisement.

E-mail: sppiiserkol@gmail.com, sppandey@iiserkol.ac.in

Advertisement:

http://www.iiserkol.ac.in/announcements/adverts/671-advt_ra_shree_prakash_july_2014

Arlequin: http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/arlequin3/

BEAGLE: http://faculty.washington.edu/browning/beagle/beagle.html

fastPHASE: http://stephenslab.uchicago.edu/software.html

GENEHUNTER: http://linkage.rockefeller.edu/soft/gh/

The Genome Analysis Toolkit:

http://www.broadinstitute.org/gsa/wiki/index.php/The_Genome_Analysis_Toolkit

IMPUTE2: https://mathgen.stats.ox.ac.uk/impute/impute_v2.html

MACH: http://www.sph.umich.edu/csg/abecasis/MACH/

MERLIN: http://www.sph.umich.edu/csg/abecasis/Merlin/

PHASE: http://stephenslab.uchicago.edu/software.html

PL-EM: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~junliu/plem/

“Read-backed phasing” algorithm: http://www.broadinstitute.org/gsa/wiki/index.php/Read-backed_phasing_algorithm

SHAPE-IT: http://www.griv.org/shapeit/

Scientists with a long-running Framingham Heart Study looked at 1,932 people (examination of about 1.5 million markers of genetic variations), comparing unrelated friends to unrelated strangers. They found that friends shared about 1% of their genes — a percentage much higher than those shared with strangers.This new findings made it clear that people have more DNA in common with those who are selected as friends than with strangers in the same population. 

The genes that lined up the most were olfactory genes, which deal with smell. The ones that lined up the least were immune system genes. The researchers weren't sure why that happened :/. Olfactory genes might be a straightforward explanation: People who like the same smells tend to be drawn to similar environments, where they meet others with the same tendencies.

Reference:

http://www.pnas.org/content/111/Supplement_3/10796.full

Image : http://i.kinja-img.com

Study of 10 tools on five datasets that such a comparative evaluation of these tools is hindered by two types of circularity: they arise due to (1) the same variants or (2) different variants from the same protein occurring both in the datasets used for training and for evaluation of these tools, which may lead to overly optimistic results. Comparative evaluations of predictors that do not address these types of circularity may erroneously conclude that circularity confounded tools are most accurate among all tools, and may even outperform optimized combinations of tools.

Following tools are useful for mis sense muation detection ... 

PolyPhen‐2 (PP2)
“Predicts possible impact of an amino acid substitution on the structure and function of a human protein using straightforward physical and comparative considerations”

MutationTaster‐2 (MT2)
“Evaluation of the disease‐causing potential of DNA sequence alterations”

MutationAssessor (MASS)
“Predicts the functional impact of amino acid substitutions in proteins, such as mutations discovered in cancer or missense polymorphisms”

LRT
“Identify a subset of deleterious mutations that disrupt highly conserved amino acids within protein‐coding sequences, which are likely to be unconditionally deleterious”

SIFT
“Predicts whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function”

GERP++
“Identifies constrained elements in multiple alignments by quantifying substitution deficits. These deficits represent substitutions that would have occurred if the element were neutral DNA, but did not occur because the element has been under functional constraint. We refer to these deficits as “rejected substitutions.” Rejected substitutions are a natural measure of constraint that reflects the strength of past purifying selection on the element”

phyloP
“Compute conservation or acceleration P values based on an alignment and a model of neutral evolution”

FatHMM unweighted (FatHMM‐U)
Predicts “functional consequences of both coding variants, that is, nonsynonymous single‐nucleotide variants, and noncoding variants”

FatHMM weighted (FatHMM‐W)
Predicts “functional consequences of both coding variants, that is, nonsynonymous single‐nucleotide variants, and noncoding variants” and its weighting scheme attributes higher tolerance scores to SNVs in proteins, related proteins, or domains that already include a high fraction of pathogenic variantsh

Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD)
“CADD is a tool for scoring the deleteriousness of single‐nucleotide variants as well as insertion/deletions variants in the human genome”