The NASA Open Science Data Repository (OSDR) enables access to space-related data from experiments and missions that investigate biological and health responses of terrestrial life to spaceflight. The goal of OSDR is to enable multi-modal and multi-hierarchical fundamental space life science data be reused toward basic science, applied science, and operational outcomes for space exploration and knowledge discovery. These data include ‘omics, phenotypic, physiological, behavioral, hardware, environmental telemetry; raw, processed; tabular, text, code, bioimaging, and video.